主語從句講解

1、Subject Clauses主語從句主語從句Grammar What part does the underlined part serve as in each sentence? A tree has fallen across the road. You are a student. To find your way can be a problem. Smoking is bad for you. “How do you do?” is a greeting. What she said is not yet known. That we shall be late is certa

2、in. Whether he will go there is not known . How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.定義：定義： 用作主語的從句叫主語從句，它是名詞用作主語的從句叫主語從句，它是名詞 性從句之一。性從句之一。引導主語從句的連接詞有：引導主語從句的連接詞有： 從屬連詞從屬連詞: that, whether； 連接代詞連接代詞: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和和which (whichever)； 連接副詞連接副詞: when, whe

3、re, how和和why。1.連接詞：連接詞：1）從屬連詞：）從屬連詞：that， whether 引導主語從句引導主語從句只起引只起引導作用導作用，在主語從句中，在主語從句中不充當任何成分不充當任何成分，that本身本身無實際意義，但不能省略無實際意義，但不能省略. whether意為意為“是否是否”，放在句首句末皆可。放在句首句末皆可。 That price will go up is certain. That he will come is certain. Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference. Whether h

4、ell come here isnt clear. 2)連接代詞連接代詞 who ( whoever) , what (whatever ), which (whichever), whom, whose .Which side will win is not clear. Who will write the poem has not been decided yet.Whatever he did is right.Who killed the scientist remains a question.Whom she borrowed money from still puzzled h

5、im.3)連接副詞連接副詞when，where， how， why等。等。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather.When well start tomorrow will be told soon.Where the test will be given is not yet decided.Make sentences :Its certain .well be late. Is he coming or not ？We dont knowWhat does

6、he want to tell us?We dont knowWhen will you come back?It doesnt matter.Its certain that we will be late.That well be late is certain.We dont know whether he is coming or not .Whether he is coming is not known.We dont know what he wants to tell us.What he wants to tell us is not known.When you will

7、come back doesnt matter.It doesnt matter when you will come back.主語從句后置主語從句后置! 為了避免主語冗長為了避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用經(jīng)常用 it 作作 形式主語形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語主語從句放在后面作真正的主語. 例例: That we shall be late is certain. - Its certain that we shall be late. 1. That the earth is round is known to all. - 2. That you missed

8、 the chance is a pity. - It is a pity that you missed the chance.Its known to all that the earth is round.A. It + be + 形容詞形容詞 + that 從句從句(obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名詞

9、詞組名詞詞組 + that 從句從句 (an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如）如：Its a pity that we cant go. C. It + be + 過去分詞過去分詞 + that 從句 (said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。） 如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物動詞或短語不及物動詞或短語 + that 從句從句( seem，happen, doesnt matter ,turn

10、out） 。如：。如：It happened that I was out that day. It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. 1）主語從句在句首時，必須由連接詞引導，不能省略這些）主語從句在句首時，必須由連接詞引導，不能省略這些連接詞。連接詞。誤：誤：They should like each other is natural.2)如果主語從句放在句首，不能用如果主語從句放在句首，不能用if引導，但是如果用引導，但是如果用it 做做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，也可以用形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，也可以用if引導引導.誤

11、：誤：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.注注 意意正：正： That they should like each other is natural. It is natural that they should like each other.正：正：Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.1. What you left are only several old books.2. What you

12、said is of great importance.3）主語從句中用陳述語序）主語從句中用陳述語序,后面的謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)后面的謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)4）“what”引導主語從句時，謂語動詞：引導主語從句時，謂語動詞： 常與其后的名詞作表語一致常與其后的名詞作表語一致 ，且根據(jù)句子的語境而定。，且根據(jù)句子的語境而定。 eg：5) . 用于用于 It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that.句型中句型中, 主語從句應使用虛擬語氣主語從句應使用虛擬語氣, 用用“should + 動詞原形動詞原形”的形式的形式, shoul

13、d有時可以省略。有時可以省略。6) . 在在 It + be + suggested/advised/ordered/requested/ insisted/required 中中, that從句的謂語也應該用從句的謂語也應該用“should + 動詞原形動詞原形”的形式的形式, should有時可以省略。有時可以省略。1.Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided.2.You have made a mistake is a fact.3.That is certain that we can win.4.No matter who leave

14、s the room last ought to turn off the lights.5.If the policemen will come is not certain.we shallThat you haveIt isWhoeverwhether改錯練習改錯練習6.It is say that he was a famous writer.7.It is seemed that it is going to rain soon .8.That is fact that she won the first place.9. Who leaves the room last ought

15、 to turn off the lights.10.It is important that a student learns a foreign language.said seemsIt is a factWhoevershould learn1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 3._ is known to us all that America is a developed country . A Which B As C What D It 4. Its known to us al