市語(yǔ)法分詞公開(kāi)課

1、 -by Xu Wen yanSuzhou No.5 High School八灘中學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)備課組八灘中學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)備課組非謂語(yǔ)Infinitive 不定式不定式 (to) do Participle分詞分詞Gerund 動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)名詞（-ing)a swimming pool過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞(-ed)Past particle現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)Present participlea swimming boy非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分類(lèi)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式形式成分成分形式形式主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)定定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式不定式動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞分詞分詞必備清單必備清單非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能歸納非謂

2、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能歸納現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)1.People who are very fat_(consume) unusally large quantities of food every day.2.People _(consume) unusallylarge quantities of food every day are very fat.3.The TV show , Chinas Got Talent, has a large audience, _(range) from children to old people.

3、.4.The dish _(taste) delicious is liked by everyone.5.The amount of water _(take) from the river is rising.6.There was a _(confuse) look on his face, because he met with a_(confuse) problem. 分詞做定語(yǔ)分詞做定語(yǔ)consumeconsumingrangingtastingtakenconfusedconfusing現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生正在發(fā)生或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)（或

4、基本同時(shí)）發(fā)生，與所修飾的詞是時(shí)（或基本同時(shí)）發(fā)生，與所修飾的詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)主動(dòng)關(guān)系或主謂關(guān)系系或主謂關(guān)系及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表完成或被動(dòng)完成或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，的動(dòng)作，與所修飾的詞是與所修飾的詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；不及物動(dòng)；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)只表完成不表被動(dòng)只表完成不表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。的動(dòng)作。 落葉：落葉：the fallen leaves 1)The problem _(discuss) now is of great importance. 2)The problem _(discuss) yesterday is of gr

5、eat importance. 3)The problem _(discuss) tomorrow is of great importance. Exercisesbeing discusseddiscussedto be discussed注意時(shí)態(tài)的選擇注意時(shí)態(tài)的選擇分詞做表語(yǔ)分詞做表語(yǔ) The book is so interesting that we are interested in it.The boy was disappointing.His parents felt disappointed.amazed / amazing, excited / exciting, bor

6、ed / boring, annoyed / annoying, interested / interesting, tired / tiring,surprised / surprising, worried/ worrying , satisfied / satisfying amused / amusing , convinced/convincing , puzzled/puzzingconfused/ confusing, embarrassed/ embarrassing disappointed/disappointing , shocked/ shocking現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分詞多表示

7、主語(yǔ)所具有的分詞多表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征特征或或?qū)傩詫傩?；過(guò)去過(guò)去分分詞多表示主語(yǔ)所處的詞多表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)狀態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示。現(xiàn)在分詞表示“令人令人的的”，過(guò)去分詞表示，過(guò)去分詞表示“感到感到”.常見(jiàn)的分詞有：常見(jiàn)的分詞有：（跟在系動(dòng)詞后（跟在系動(dòng)詞后:be/stay/remain/become/feel/get）get+done You will get punished some day. 總有一天你會(huì)受到懲罰的。總有一天你會(huì)受到懲罰的。We had no time to get changed, because there were only five minutes left.迷路迷

8、路 _ 穿衣服穿衣服_測(cè)試測(cè)試 _ 分手分手_習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于_ 遭受遭受_得到報(bào)酬得到報(bào)酬_ 得到提拔得到提拔_get stuck in_get lostget dressedget testedget separatedget used toget caught inget paidget promoted陷入了陷入了 1.The 2008 Olympic Games held in Beijing turned out to be a great success.Everyone was _(satisfied/satisfying) with efforts that the Chines

9、e government made.2. Many people were_(shocking/shocked) when scientists announced that they had cloned the first human embryo.3.It was _(encouraging/ encouraged) to see the Chinese womens volleyball team overcome all kinds of difficulties to win their match.4.Please remain _(seat) until the plane h

10、as come to a complete stop. 5.The boy remained_(sit) when the teacher came in .6.While waiting for the opportunity to get _(promote), she did her best to perform his duty.選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空seatedsittingpromoted取決于分詞與賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系：取決于分詞與賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系：主動(dòng)主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用關(guān)系，用doing被動(dòng)被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用關(guān)系，用done。 例如例如1.I found

11、 them painting the windows. 2. I found the windows painted. 主動(dòng)關(guān)系主動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系（現(xiàn)在分詞表（現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行）（過(guò)去分詞表（過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)、完成被動(dòng)、完成）分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1)I often saw Mary _ (dance) in the gym .Mary was often seen _ (dance)in the gym.2)I saw Mary _ (dance) in the gym at that time.Mary was seen _(dance) in the gym

12、at that time3)I saw Mary _ (praise) by her teacher in the classroom.Mary was seen _ (praise) by her teacher in the classroom.感官動(dòng)詞：感官動(dòng)詞：see, hear, feel, ,notice, observe.+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)_danceto dancedancingdancingpraisedpraised（do/doing/done)比較下列句子比較下列句子:1)He often has/gets me _/_(clean) the blackbo

13、ard.2)They have the fire _ (burn) all night. 3)The weather was very cold, he couldnt get his car_(run)4)He had his house _(break) into last week.5)Who did Mr Smith have /get_/_(write) an article for the newspaper.cleanto cleanburningrunningbrokenwriteto writedodoingdoneto do doingdone歸納歸納have +賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+

14、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（_/_/_）get+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)_/_/_）用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1)He left the room, leaving the food_(untouch)He left the fire_(burn) all the night. 2)Im so sorry to keep you _(wait）.The story kept me _(remind) of the past.3)They made their child_(study) late.We make the customers _(convince) of

15、the quality of the products.4)They caught him _ (cheat) in the mid-term examination.5)The cook was caught _(smoke) in the kitchen. 6)I found the dog _(tie) to the tree. I found the dog _(lie) on the ground.untouchedburingstudyconvincedwaitingremindedcheatingsmokingtiedlying請(qǐng)歸納請(qǐng)歸納 leave / keep /make

16、/ catch / find 后接賓語(yǔ)后接賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法：賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法：With +賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：賓補(bǔ)的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：1）With him solving so many difficult problems, he could travel with his wife.2）With so many difficult problems solved, he could travel with his wife.3）With so many difficult problems to solve, he couldnt travel with his wife.用所給詞的適

17、當(dāng)形式填空：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1)-Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. -Sorry, with so much work_(fill) my mind, I almost break down2) -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry, with my mind _(fill) with so much work, I almost break down3)With a lot of readings _ (complete), I

18、 must make a good plan. 4)He had to come back home with his money_/_/_(用光）用光）fillingfilledto completerunning out run out otused up1）We have to take environmental protection into consideration_ (當(dāng)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的時(shí)候當(dāng)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的時(shí)候) the economy 2)_(由于不知道由于不知道)what to do ,Tom turned to his teacher for help.3)The earthqua

19、ke happened around mid- might ,thus _(造成）造成）much damage.4)_（如果沿著街道直走）（如果沿著街道直走）straight down this road, you will see the post office on your left. 5). _(盡管他整天工作盡管他整天工作) all day and all night, he couldnt support his family.6）The students came in, _(跟在老師的跟在老師的后面后面) their teacher. 分詞做狀語(yǔ)分詞做狀語(yǔ)1.現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在

20、分詞做狀語(yǔ)A:ving形式形式(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)可作時(shí)間、可作時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨等狀語(yǔ)，除伴隨狀語(yǔ)可改原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨等狀語(yǔ)，除伴隨狀語(yǔ)可改為并列句，其它的則可改成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句為并列句，其它的則可改成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句(when) developingNot knowingcausingWalking (Though) Working following1)_ (hear) the bad news, they couldnt help crying.2) _(not receive) a reply , he decided to write again.3) _

21、(observe) the problem for many years , he announced that we are now facing the biggest environmental problem of our time.4) Dina,_(struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took aposition at alocal advertising agency.5)_(show) around the Birds Nest, tourists were then taken to visit

22、the Water Cube.B:動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞ing形式形式(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，having done表示先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Not having receivedHaving observedhaving struggledHaving been shownHearing He hurried to the station，only _(find) the train had left. He hurried to the station，onl

23、y _(tell) the train had left. The factory keeps releasing smoke, _(make) air_(pollute).(使空氣被污染）使空氣被污染） The factory keeps releasing smoke, _(使空氣被污染使空氣被污染,用定語(yǔ)從句翻譯用定語(yǔ)從句翻譯) 2:不定式與動(dòng)詞不定式與動(dòng)詞ing形式形式(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的比較作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的比較不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示意想不到的結(jié)果；而動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示意想不到的結(jié)果；而動(dòng)詞ing形式形式(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)作結(jié)果狀作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示自然而然的結(jié)果。語(yǔ)表示自然而

24、然的結(jié)果。to findto be toldmakingpollutedwhich makes air polluted寫(xiě)出下列句子的同義句寫(xiě)出下列句子的同義句1）When he was questioned about the accident, he kept silent. =(When)_ about the accident, he kept silent.2)If they had been given more attention,the trees would have grown better.=(If)_more attention, the trees would hav

25、e grown better.3)Lily made great progress at school, as she was encouraged by her teacher. = _by her teacher, Lily made great progress at school.4)Though he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret=_by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.5)She sat by the window, lost in thou

26、ght. =She sat by the window, _ in thought.過(guò)去分詞可作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等狀語(yǔ)。過(guò)去分詞可作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等狀語(yǔ)。除伴隨狀語(yǔ)可改為并列句其它的則可改成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句除伴隨狀語(yǔ)可改為并列句其它的則可改成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句questionedGivenEncouraged (Though)Beaten and was lost3.3.過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks even moreSeeing from the top of the hill ，w

27、e find the park even more beautiful. 被動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系主 動(dòng) 關(guān)主 動(dòng) 關(guān)系系特別提示：特別提示：作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，是用現(xiàn)在分詞還是用過(guò)去分詞，取決于作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，是用現(xiàn)在分詞還是用過(guò)去分詞，取決于該動(dòng)詞與句子主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，與句子主該動(dòng)詞與句子主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，與句子主語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，句子主語(yǔ)與語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，句子主語(yǔ)與它之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系。它之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系。 4.4.分詞做狀語(yǔ)的比較分詞做狀語(yǔ)的比較 1）_in his work, he had no time to pla

28、y .(bury) _ himself in his work, he had no time to play 2）_ with trouble, he showed great courage.(face) _ trouble, he never gives up 3）_on practice, the theory is credible. (base) _ theory on practice, you will find it credible. 4）_ (compare) with English ,Chinese is more difficult. _(compare) Chin

29、ese with English , I find English easier. _(compare) the two kinds of cultures , and you will find some differences.Buried Burying Faced Facing Based Basing Compared Comparing Compare 5.分詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本原則：分詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本原則： 分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)， 分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。必須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。判斷正誤：判斷正誤：a. Entering the classroom,

30、 I found nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it. 2. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden. 3. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b. I was reading the evening newspaper w

31、hen a dog started barking. ( )1. Living near the sea, _.we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight healthy air and beautiful sight is what we enjoyC. it is healthy air and beautiful sight we enjoy D. so we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight practic TTT6. 有時(shí)可在有時(shí)可在doing/ done 前可加連詞前可加連詞: when, while,

32、 once, after , if, unless, though等表示時(shí)間，條件，讓步等但等表示時(shí)間，條件，讓步等但分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須和主句中的主語(yǔ)一致。分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須和主句中的主語(yǔ)一致。1) Anyone , once _ (test)positive for H7N9 flu virus , will receive medical treatment from our government. 2) While / When _(cook), she cut one of her fingers.3) I wont go to the party unless _（invite).4

33、) Though / Although _(have) lots of money, he is not happy.testedcookinginvitedhaving7.獨(dú)立成分作狀語(yǔ)獨(dú)立成分作狀語(yǔ) 有些分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其形式的選用不受上下文的影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分有些分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其形式的選用不受上下文的影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分 或插入語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有：或插入語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有： 例如例如 _his accent ,he is from the south . _your health , you d better have a rest .一般而言一般而言/坦率地說(shuō)坦率地說(shuō)/ 嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)_根據(jù)根據(jù)來(lái)判

34、斷來(lái)判斷_考慮到考慮到；鑒于；鑒于_如果如果_generally / frankly/ strictly speakingjudging from /byconsidering / taking into considerationsupposing / providing /provided thatJudging fromConsidering二二. 找邏輯主語(yǔ)找邏輯主語(yǔ)三、分析語(yǔ)態(tài)三、分析語(yǔ)態(tài)四、分析時(shí)態(tài)四、分析時(shí)態(tài)一一. 辨別辨別“謂與非謂謂與非謂” 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題步驟非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語(yǔ)，析語(yǔ)態(tài)，定時(shí)態(tài)謂非謂，找主語(yǔ)，析語(yǔ)態(tài)，定時(shí)態(tài)1.She was

35、found sitting in her wheelchair, completely _ in a fashion magazine her son had just bought.Aabsorbing Bbeing absorbed Cabsorbed Dto absorb2._ to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked3.The old man, _abroad for twenty years

36、, is on the way back to his motherland.to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked 4. _ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.A.Working out BWorked out CTo work out DWork out5.We all know that, _, the situation will get worsenot if dealt carefully wi

37、th B.if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with D.not if carefully dealt with 6.The players _from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected7.Today there are more airplanes_ morepeople than ever before in t