外文翻譯高樁碼頭加固方法分析

1、外文資料及譯文Analysis of Strengthening Method For High-Piled WharfsAbstract The main factors which cause the structural disease of high-piled wharfs, and the characteristic of strengthening methods are introduced and analysed taking a high-piled wharf as an example le. Finaly a strengthening and rehabilit

2、ation method for the wharf is proposed, which can be used as the reference for the design of similar structural project subsequently.KEY WORDS: strengthening, high-piled wharf, structural design1.ForewordTo guarantee the safe and normal usage of a wharf, in addition to at design, the construction st

3、age provides the good inborn condition for a wharf, at use the stage to also need to catty on the long-term maintenance to a wharf. When a wharf appears the harm, aging etc. phenomenon or suffers the disaster, still need to carry on the check and examine a patient to a wharf, and adopt to correspond

4、 of maintain or reinforce the measure.The disease of a wharf harms the main performance to become rusty the eclipse, concrete carbonization, concrete corrosion, the concrete piece to cut to face to decrease for the reinforcing bar, the concrete opens the, water, leaking, the structure spend greatly,

5、 the structure tilts to one side to be partial to move etc. But produce the factor that these disease harm contain following several aspectses:(1) The building design quantity level, design especially medium to the consideration degree of the consideration degree of the durables;(2) The function tha

6、t constructs the material satisfies the degree of enduring sex request;(3) The construction quantity level, the craft measure of the exaltation concrete and the structure durable;(4) Building the environment condition of the place, an atmosphere, groundwater and corrosion factor within the industry

7、environment.Table 1 introduce in common use reinforce the characteristic of method and apply the circumstance, and combine the solid example of engineering carries on the analysis.Table 1Reinforce the methodMain characteristicsApply the scopeThe enlargement cuts to face the methodEnlarge the piece t

8、o cut with the of same race material to accumulate in every aspect， exaltation structure loading ability and satisfy normal usage requestGeneral structure of beam, plank, pillar, walletc.A steel reinforces the methodReinforce with a steel at an on all sides pack, cut to face the size and external to

9、 affect very small, loading the ability exaltation compare reatly, be subjected to the dint more dependableBe applicable to disallow to enlarge the concrete to cut to face but need the structure of the exaltation loading dint againThe exterior glues the steel to reinforce the methodGlue to stick the

10、 steel plate in an exterior of the concrete, load the dint with the exaltation, cut to face the size increment not much, the external appearance influence is smallNormal temperature environment under of is generally be subjected to by bend, to pull the piece of and medium light class the work makes

11、the hoist beamGlue the fiber to build up compound material cloth to reinforce outsideThe exterior glues to stick carbon fiber cloth etc.Load the dint exaltation very big, glue to stick easily, cut to face to increase the thickness very small, outward the view affect smaller, the anti-decays the abil

12、ity strongNormal temperature environment under of be subject to pull, be subjected to curved, be subjected to press the piece of and across the corrosion an etc. of piece, anti-greatlyPrepare should the dint reinforce the methodAdopt the in addition prepare should the dint steel pull the pole or sup

13、port the pole, carrying on reinforce to the structure, loading the dint and the anti-etc. with the exaltationAcross the structure and large structure greatlyIncrease to establish the fulcrum to reinforce the methodIncrease to establish to prop up the point, let up the structure to across the degree

14、and transform, correspond to improve the total loading ability of structureBeam, plank and an etc.Give the beam pulls out the pillar out the pillar techniqueUnder the condition of not dismantle or little dismantle the upper part structure or tore down or replace or connect the technique of the long

15、postChange usage function and enlarge the old building of the indoor space reformationIncrease to establish to prop up the system and shear the dint wall to reinforce the methodStrengthen the structure resistance level lotus carries the ability and sides to just degree and stabilityThe anti-side din

16、t reinforceIncrease to establish to pull the knot contact to reinforce the methodIn the house peripheral, lengthways, horizontal, to increase and establish and correspond of pull the knot contact, strengthen the whole stability of structure, keep accident trouble from descend the occurrence tumbles

17、down continuouslyThe assemble type structure anti-tumbles down continuously and the anti-earthquake reinforceThe crack repair techniqueThe instauration or part recovers the loading ability, durable, water tightness and beauty etc. that structure because of crack loseVarious concrete structure3. soli

18、d example of engineerings3.1 Engineering general situationA wharf (figure 1) of some pose of set up in1960, use up to now already 46 years. Long breadth of×of the whole wharf building flat surface size=the 84m ×5.2m. The close together and horizontal row an of the ash wharf be apart from 4

19、.5ms, account 19 horizontal row. If see the structure part of an of close together and horizontal row make the unit, account 18 units. An of close together and horizontal row is inclined prop up, the whole wharf is constitute by the corpus structure and the wharf equipments two parts. The corpus str

20、ucture next the beam bottom face high distance is 2.0ms, the crest face high distance is 2.5M, ascend the beam bottom to face high distance is5.0M, the crest face high distance is5.5M, high distance of set of is 1.5M. The wharf front-panel wears the thick 30 mms of layer, sprinkling to build with th

21、e No.200 (equal to C20) concrete.3.2 Engineering structure present conditionAccording to the spot to the inquisition and examinations of the ash wharf, the beam of the wharf upper part structure (a structure of), inclined prop up the breakage and cracks of the different from upper part structure etc

22、. have degree, parts of pieces of contain a of reinforcing bar, and become rusty the eclipse severity, causing the upper part structure loading ability lower. Is a wharf to depend the ship piece particularly at anchor the boats and ships to bump the shot under damaged severity, parts of piece of com

23、plete breakage. The wharf U from steel structure is be subjected to by the ship piece the ships bumps the shot, widespread have the cave and convex asymmetry to transform, the part transforms seriously, and become rusty the eclipse severity. Figure 2 is parts of plane charts of that wharf.3.3 The co

24、ncrete material strength examination circumstanceLine up one set of along shore in the wharf, 11, 17,18 lines of up the difference selected by examination random 10 measure the area, carrying on the concrete strength´s return to play the value to carry on the correction to the concrete, making

25、sure that the concrete strength assesses the value. Respectively at 11 number pillar right sides, upper rights, 17 number pillar right sideses, 17 numberses that the ash wharf upper part structure pulls in to shore the side with 186 with total left side and set of that faces the shore side beam , 18

26、 number pillars of the number pillars, carry on drill a hole to take the. Take the diameter of as 8 cms, long is above for 12 cms. Adopt the tries to try the piece to carry on the carbonization depth test towards drilling the concrete of. Examine the result enunciation, the carbonization depth of th

27、e ash wharf upper part structure concrete piece lies between the 2-13 mms, the detailed record sees the table 2. Carry on press to experiment to the concrete kind, experiment the result to see the table 2.Table 2Drill a hole to take the concrete strength to experiment the dataSerial number12345Posit

28、ion11number pillars17 number pillar right sides17, 18 of the number pillars face the shore side beam18 number pillar left sides18 number pillar setsThe carbonization depth value (mm)213266The anti-presses the strength to experiment the value (MPa)48.947.448.230.426.4The comprehensive consideration d

29、rills a hole to take the concrete strength to experiment the data and return to play to experiment the result, the wharfs upper part structure concrete strength grade can assess for the C20, satisfying to design the request of the No.200 concrete at first.3.4 In the concrete structure reinforcing ba

30、r conditionThe structure is total to undergo military service already 50years, seeing the solid of the concrete better from the concrete carbonization on depth of the examination.A carbonization on of depth of a structure of the wharf is a 2-13 mms, the concrete protects the design thickness of the

31、layer as 25 mms, explain that carbonization didnt arrive the reinforcing bar surface. But beam, pillar last many places have a of reinforcing bar, and have already take place to become rusty the eclipse phenomenon, causing enduring sex expiration of the concrete structure easily. Suggest to brush th

32、e close-grained cement sand syrup in the concrete outward appearance face powder, before reinforce carry on infusing the syrup processing to the crack.3.5 A structure of the wharf row loads the dint analysis and calculations(1) Cut to face the shape parameter (table 3) and material calculation param

33、etersTable 3Pole pieceWidth (m)Height (m)Cut to face the area(m2)Cut to face the inertial(m4)Horizontal support80.0054Inclined support20.0016Sign the pillar20.0016Contact the beam90.00068Depend the ship signs the pillar0.30.350.110.0011Horizontal beam30.0

34、333Concrete: C15, the strength design be worth 7.5 MPa; Main reinforcing bar: HPB235, the strength design is worth the 210Ns/mm2;Hoop reinforcing bar: HPB235, the strength design is worth the 210Ns/mm2；Protect the layer thickness as: 25mmHeavy degree of material: 25 kN/m3;Design the ship type presse

35、s to load down the 2000 t oil ship consideration. The ships bumps the shot dint to load the control lotus that the dint checks to calculate to carry for the wharf structure.(2) The total dint inside the effect combination of function wraps the value of (table 4)Pole pieceThe stalk dint max (kN)The s

36、talk dint min (kN)Shear the dint max (kN)Shear the dint min (kN)The bent dint max (kN·m)The bent dint min (kN·m)Horizontal support73.1-2.114.4-83.9228.1-61.9Inclined support123.408.1-5.03.1-9.6Sign the pillar331.5-53.863.6-19.652.8-49.4Contact the beam0-77.119.4-11.78.6-31.1Depend the ship

37、 signs the pillar59.9-12.473.1-57.216.7-28.1Horizontal beam0070.4-67.470.6-105.1(3) The function total effect dint inside the combination wraps the value of and loading the ability extreme limit appearance hold out for long time combination check calculatea. The horizontal beam loading dint checks t

38、o calculateJust cut to face the curved loading dint of anti- to check to calculate: Max=119.7kN·mMu=249.1kN·m (Satisfy the request)The inclined piece faces the anti- to shear to load the dint to check to calculate: Vmax=146.8kNVu=225.6kN (Satisfy the request)b. Horizontal beam and length w

39、ays the level support outside of an extreme limit of each of the loading dint check to calculate.In an extreme limit of each loading dint check calculate, will line up a whole calculation. The calculation that considers and takes no account of the beneficial function that the U form steel protects t

40、he as a result compares, the latter number is bigger to have high request to calculate adopt behind a kind of circumstance get of inside the dint is the biggest value in the function effect.From 5 calculation results of table it is thus clear that, under the condition that current lotus carry, depen

41、d the dissatisfied foot request of the loading dint of the ship piece. Depend a conduct and actions of the ship acceptance ships bumps the shot dint to mainly be subjected to the dint piece, should raise to cut the safe storage of face the resistance, wanting to raise an anti- for face to shear to l

42、oad the dint particularly. Encrypt the hoop or enlarge the hoop to cut the area towards ising carry on by the ship pillar to reinforce should.c. Lengthways the level supports the extreme limit loading dint to check to calculateJust cut to face the curved loading dint of anti- to check calculate: Mma

43、x=83.9kN·mMu=87.3kN·m (Satisfy the request)The inclined piece faces the anti- to shear to load the dint to check to calculate: Vmax=63.6kNVu=71.8kN (Satisfy the request)3.6 The wharf structure reinforces and reforms the projectWharf of whole check to calculate the enunciation with a loadin

44、g of dint, anchor the oil ship of the 200t, a whole loading dint of horizontal row can satisfy the norm request; but depend the ship piece and sign the pillar loading dint cant satisfy the norm request. To depend the ship piece, the anti- bends to shear the all dissatisfied foot request with anti-;

45、opposition pillar, mainly is an anti to bend the dissatisfied foot request.Comprehensive above relevant calculation analytical, to that wharf, can consider to reinforce and reform the project as follows:(1) Depend the ship piece reinforces the projectThrough this front of the loading ability the ext

46、reme limit appearance check to know on the whole, depend the ship piece become the weak link that bears the ships to bump the shot dint, needing to adopt to reinforce the measure with raise its extreme limit loading dint. Through project of full ratio choose, adopt to move to project the and the U f

47、orm steel pieces in addition to the existing tie up type rubber, change to use to is protect by better rubber of the dint function, and enlarge the which of depend the ship pillar and encrypt the hoop. For lengthways the level support, in it across with contact of the perpendicular and short pillar

48、lengthways, to raise whole be subject to the dint function.Follow the wharf to cut to face the width to increase the 300 mms lengthways, a side is each to increase 420 reinforcing bars, the hoop diameter enlarge for the 8 mms, is apart from to let up for the 100 mms, adding the hoop welding on the o

49、riginal hoop lately. After reinforce of cut and facing to go together with the detailed diagram sees the figure 3. The concrete uses the C30.Depend the ship piece in each one up install a the super arch form rubber to protect the, the specification is shield TD an an an an an an a day- The 3500 Ls o

50、f B300H+3650Ls.Just cut to face the curved loading dint of anti- to check to calculate: Mmax=173.9kN·mMu=219.6kN·m (Satisfy the request)The inclined piece faces the anti- to shear to load the dint to check to calculate: Vmax=262.5kNVu=307.9kN (Satisfy the request)In addition, the wharf bot

51、h ends of is been easily bump by lengthways surprisedly by the ship piece shot. The high scope that suggests to carry the side at it arranges a rubber to protect the, the length a 1m, the specification is 200×s of the D200×1000.(2)Lengthways the level supports to reinforce the projectIn le

52、ngthways level support c2 and lengthways contact the beam c1 across its increment perpendicularity in lengthways the level supports and contacts the beam lengthways of level to short pillar, its length for 500 mms (for lengthways the level support and contact the beam lengthways clean be apart from)

53、, cut to face the size as 300mm×300mms.Go together with the satisfies the structure to go together with request of then. The concrete uses the C30. Whole is check by the dint function to calculate lengthways the extreme limit that level support loading dint. At lengthways the level supports to

54、face the side of water to arrange a rubber to protect the continuously, the specification is 200×s of the D200×1000.(1500)Just cut to face the curved loading dint of anti- to check to calculate: Mmax=55.2kN·mMu=87.3kN·m (Satisfy the request)The inclined piece faces the anti- to s

55、hear to load the dint to check to calculate: Vmax=58.3kNVu=71.8kN (Satisfy the request)Suggest to across to arrange each time 3.5. A rubber of protects the, in that, can continue to arrange, also can divide the segment to arrange (1m+1.5m+1m).(3)Followed before to reform the project up the beamFore

56、follow to face the side of water to arrange a rubber to protect the continuously up the beam, the specification is 200 s of the D200×1000(1500). Suggest to across to arrange each time 3.5. A rubber of m protects the, in that, can continue to arrange, also can divide the segment to arrange(1m+1.

57、5m+1m).(4)Sign the pillar reinforces the projectCan consider at sign the pillar to face the water side adoption to glue the steel to reinforce, the steel plate width is a 300 mms, the thickness is above for 4 mms, height for 1800 mms (face the side of water to get empty to block clean and high). The

58、 experience calculate, pressing this size to reinforce, can satisfy to load the dint request.(5)The wharf carries a protectionWharf of two carry the department, depending the ship side nearly especially damaged severity. Suggest in two front- panel underneath increment structure beams that carry the department, make beam thick to add up with the front- panel thickness to attain to followed the upper part beam to wait with wharf before thick; then arranged the level toward rubber to protect the