定語從句 (3)

1、定語從句定語從句: 在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子在復合句中充當定語，所以叫作定語從句。 先行詞： 定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。關系詞： 引導定語從句的詞，分為關系代詞（who,whom,that,which,whose）和關系副詞(where,when,why,)。 復合句 ： The man who (that) came is Mike. 先行詞 關系代詞Li Ming is the one that got full marks in our class. 先行詞 關系代詞上句的黑體字為復合句中的主句，藍體字為定語從句.一 定語從句的關系代詞 Which的用法: 若先行詞指物則代替先行

2、詞在定語從句中充當主語或賓語. This is the pen which was given by my friend. 先行詞 指物代替先行詞在定語從句中充當主語 This is the pen which my friend gave to me. 先行詞 指物代替先行詞在定語從句中充當賓語二 定語從句的關系代詞 Who的用法: 若先行詞指人則代替先行詞在定語從句中充當主語或賓語(如果前面帶介詞則必須用whom)The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother.先行詞 指人代替先行詞在定語從句中充當主語The man whowhom he

3、 wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.先行詞 指人代替先行詞在定語從句中充當賓語She is the girl with whom I went there.先行詞 指人代替先行詞在定語從句中充當介賓且介詞于前. 三 定語從句的關系代詞 Whom的用法: 若先行詞指人則代替先行詞在定語從句中充當賓語(包括介詞的賓語) ,與who的區(qū)別是如果前面帶介詞則必須用whomThis is the teacher whomwho we like best. 先行詞 指人代替先行詞在定語從句中充當賓語She is the girl whom who I went

4、with there.先行詞 指人代替先行詞在定語從句中充當介賓. I dont like the boy to whom you are talking. 先行詞 指人代替先行詞在定語從句中充當介賓且介詞于前.四 定語從句的關系代詞 that的用法: 若先行詞指人或物則代替先行詞在定語從句中充當主語或賓語The animal that which is lost is a panda.先行詞 指物代替先行詞在定語從句中充當主語She is the person that who we are worried about.先行詞 指人代替先行詞在定語從句中充當賓語注意1 that which在

5、代物時常?？梢酝ㄓ?但有時只宜于用which ,不用that(1) 關系代詞前有介詞時.This is the hotel in which you will stay.(2) 如有兩個定語從句,其中一句的關系代詞是that,另一句宜于用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the liberary which was newly open (新開放) to us.注意2that which在代物時常?？梢酝ㄓ?但有時只宜于用that ,不用which.(1) 先行詞是形容詞最高級或者它的前面有形容詞最高級時This is t

6、he best that has been used against air pollution(反對空氣污染) in cities.English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.(2) 先行詞是序數(shù)詞,或它的前面有一個序數(shù)詞時He is the last person that I want to see.(3) 主句中已有疑問詞時Which is the bike that you lost?(4) 先行詞既有人又有物時The bike and its rider that had

7、run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station.(5) 先行詞是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等代詞時You should hand in all that you have.We havent got much that we can offer you.I mean the one that you talked about just now.(6) 先行詞前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one

8、 of,the same,the very等詞修飾時The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.Li Ming is the only one that got full marks (滿分)in our class.Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.(7) 有兩個定語從句,其中一個關系代詞已用which,另外一個宜用thatEdison built up a factory(辦了一個工廠) which produced t

9、hings thathad never been seen before.定語從句的關系副詞 Where的用法:若先行詞指地點且其在定語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語.This is the house+I was born in the house. (=I was born there) 介詞短語 副詞=This is the house where I was born.這就是我在那兒出生的房子. 先行詞 關系副詞 in which I was born. 介詞+關系代詞 這里作介賓的which和that可以省略 which I was born in. 關系代詞 that I was born i

10、n關系代詞. 練習：用which ，where填空 1、This is the factory where they want to visit。2、My sister works in a bookshop in which we can read many kinds of books3 、Have you visited the city where the famous scientist was born?4、Is this the museum which they visited last month?5 、He built a telescope through which h

11、e could study the skies.6 、 The pencil with _which_ he wrote was broken.7 、Is this the shop _which_ sells childrens clothing?8 、 I still remember the sitting-room _where_ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.9、Dont go in, this is the shop _which_ we have just been to。10 、Please show me the book _which_ you bought yesterday _. 二 定語從句的關系副詞 When的用法: 若先行詞指時間且其在定語從句中充當時間狀語.He came at a time +we needed help at a time. 介詞短語這里的作介賓的which 和that可以省略=He came at a time when we needed help 關系副詞 at which we