高中英語狀語從句講解及練習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上狀語從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語，位置靈活。狀語從句可分為時(shí)間狀語從句，目的狀語從句，條件狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，地點(diǎn)狀語從句，原因狀語從句，方式狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句。（一） 時(shí)間狀語從句1. when, as, whilea. when表時(shí)間，從句既可以用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，又可以用瞬間動(dòng)詞。Eg: When I get there I will call you.如果when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)狀的主語與主句的主語相同，而從句的謂語又是be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，那么從句中的主語與be可省。Eg：When （you are）in trouble, you can ask her for help.如果wh

2、en引導(dǎo)的時(shí)狀的主語與主句的主語相同時(shí)，往往可以用“when+分詞”的形式代替該狀從。Eg：When I came into the room(When coming into the room), I found the light was off.b. while表時(shí)間，從句需用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，或者主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行過程中。主句的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Eg: He came in while I was reading a book. I met her while I was in school.c. as表時(shí)間，與when相似，但側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句動(dòng)作同在時(shí)間點(diǎn)或同時(shí)間段進(jìn)行

3、。同時(shí)可表示主句的動(dòng)作隨著從句的動(dòng)作的變化而變化。Eg: He jumps as he sings. As the wind rose, the noise increased.2. before(在之前)與after（在之后）Eg：See me before you leave.I saw them after I arrived.3. till與until肯定形式表示的意思是做某事直至某時(shí)。否定形式表達(dá)的意思是直至某時(shí)才做某事。Eg: Wait till/untill I call you.等著直到我叫你。She didnt arrive till/until 6 oclock. 她直到6

4、點(diǎn)才到但是置于句首時(shí)只可用untill.Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告訴我以前，出了什么事我一點(diǎn)也不知道。否定形式有另外兩種表達(dá)方式：(1)Not until 在句首，主句用倒裝。Man did not know what heat was until the early years of the 19th century.=Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat was. (2)It is not unt

5、il thatHe will not go to bed until his mother comes home.=It is not until his mother comes home that he will go to bed.4. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately和hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthana. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately 表示主句和

6、從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。譯為“一就”Eg：As soon as she heard the news, she began crying.b. hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan都可以表示一就的意思，但主句謂語動(dòng)詞一般要用過去完成時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用一般過去時(shí)。Eg：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：

7、 Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain。1.WecalledtheFirst-AidCenter_thetrafficaccidenthappened.A.immediately B.shortly C.quickly D.hurriedly2.Therooffell_hehadtimetodashintotheroomtosavehisbaby.A.before B.as C.after D.until3. A good st

8、oryteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity he reaches the end of the story.A when B whenever C.after D.until 4.Ihadjuststartedbackforthehousetochangemyclothes_Iheardthevoices.A.as B.for C.while D.when5. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As(二)目的狀語從句1. (

9、so) that/in order that（so）that/in order that表示“為了，以便”，引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句要用虛擬語氣。Eg: He shouted at the top of his voice so that/in order that he might be heard.如果表示“為了，以便”的目的狀語從句的主語與主句的主語相同，可用in order to或so as to替代。Eg：I came early so as to/in order to catch the first train.3. lest, for fear that, in caselest,

10、for fear that, in case表示“以免，以防”。其中 lest, for fear that要用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語氣；in case后的從句可用虛擬語氣，也可用陳述語氣。Eg：I will not make a noise lest/ for fear that I (should) disturb you.Take your umbrella in case it rains.Ex. 1. Hewhisperedtohiswife_hemightwakeupthesleepingbaby.A.sothat B.onconditionthat C.forfear

11、that D.solongas2. Roses need special care they can live through winter.A. because B so that C even if D as3. Leave your key with a neighbour you lock yourself out oneday.A ever since B even if C soon after D in case4. Take your umbrella with you _ it rains.A. if B. as if C. in case D. as long as5. I

12、 hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless(三)條件狀語從句1. if: “如果”(如為真實(shí)條件句用陳述語氣、如為非真實(shí)條件句用虛擬語氣)Eg: If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled. If I were a bird, I would fly.2. in case, on condition that, provinding, provided (that), supposing, supposed (that) :“假

13、如，在條件下”Eg: The mother promises to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.Suppose (that) he does not come, what shall we do?3. unless:“ 除非”（=if not）Eg: We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight= We cannot get there on time if we dont book the

14、 earliest flight.4. as/so long as:“只要”Eg: We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.Ex1.-Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?-Illprobablygoforawalklateron_itstaysfine.A.asfaras B.solongas C.evenif D.asif2. We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday it rains.A since B if C unless D until3. You wil

15、l pass the exam you work hard.A unless B even if C as if D if（四）讓步狀語從句1. “雖然，即使，盡管”a. although/ though/ even though/ even ifalthough/ though 語氣較弱（盡管），even though/ even if（即使） 語氣較強(qiáng)。although和though 可以互換，但though可以用于倒裝也可以不倒裝。（參見as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的用法）Eg: Although/ though it was not his fault, he took all the bla

16、me. Even if/ Even though you dont like your boss, you should do your work.b. as as可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然、盡管”，但要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，形式如下：1）. 形容詞 + as + 主語 + 系動(dòng)詞。如：Eg: Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 2）. 過去分詞 + as + 主語 + 系動(dòng)詞。如：Eg: Well-written as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it. 3）

17、. 名詞 + as + 主語 + 系動(dòng)詞。如：Eg: Student as he is, he does not study hard. 4）. 副詞 + as + 主語 + 謂語部分。如：Eg: Much as I admire his courage, I dont think he acted wisely.5）. 動(dòng)詞原形 + as + 主語 + 謂語的另一部分（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞may, might, will, would等）。如：Eg: Try as you will, you wont be able to persuade him. 注意：若提前的表語是沒有形容詞修飾的單數(shù)可數(shù)

18、名詞，要省略不定代詞。若提前的是動(dòng)詞原形，與之連用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞要置于原來的位置，即主語之后。though在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)可像as一樣倒裝。2. while: 盡管Eg: While its none of my business, I will watch you.3. no matter (what, when, where): 無論（什么，何時(shí)，何地）Eg: The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what you said.Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.4.

19、however :不論怎樣。however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，句子通常倒裝，一般在however后加形容詞或副詞。Eg: The father couldnt make his daughter smile however hard he tried.5. whetheror not: 不管是否Eg: Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.總結(jié)：1)although與though在一些情況下可互換，都可以與yet，still連用，但不能和but連用。2)however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)后緊跟形容詞或副

20、詞。3)while也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，這一點(diǎn)特容易被考生忽視。4)whatever修飾名詞，“無論什么”，however修飾形容詞、副詞，“無論多么， 無論怎么”。5)even if/even though(即使)與as if/as though(好像)Ex.4 1._journalismseemslikeagoodprofession,Iwouldprefertobea teacher.A.Although B.As if C.Nomatter D. Nowthat2._IpreferacolorTV,Ihavetobuyablackandwhiteonethistime.A.As B.S

21、ince C.Because D.Although3 .Dont change your mind, _ happens to you.A. which B. what C. whichever D. whatever4. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever5._I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person. A. While

22、 B. Since C. Before D. Unless6.Allow children the space to voice their opinion，_they are different from your own. A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though（五）地點(diǎn)狀語從句1. where: 哪里Eg: Put the medicine where you can easily get it.2. wherever：無論哪里Eg: He follows her wherever she goes.Wherever you are, I w

23、ill be right there waiting for you.Ex. 1. you meet him, tell him the truth.A However B When C While D As though2.This was the place I came across Jane.A where B which C that D when (六) 原因狀語從句1. because直接原因，非推斷語氣最強(qiáng)回答why。Eg：I do it because I like it. 2. as 不談自明的原因，語氣最弱。Eg: As he is honest and modest,

24、all his friends like him.3. for 放句中，對(duì)前面一句話的內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充說明。Fot引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句只能置于主句之后并且必須用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。 Eg: He could not have seen me, for I was not there.4. since/ seeing (that)/ now (that)/ considering (that)/ in that 通常放句首譯為“既然”。Eg: Since the purser didnt tell us what to do, we can relax.Ex.6 1. He found it incre

25、asingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail.A and B for C but D or2. Did you return Anns call?-I didnt need to I will see her tomorrow.A though Bunless C when D because（七）方式狀語從句1. as, (just) assoEg: Do as you are told to. As water is to fish, so air is to man。 2. as if/ as thoughEg

26、: He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。（與事實(shí)相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。） It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看來天氣很快就會(huì)好起來。（實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大）Ex.71. Always do to the others you would be done by.A which B as C what D that2. He looks as if he to die.A wants B want C wanted D would want

27、(八) 結(jié)果狀語從句1. so that 既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句又可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。Eg: He worried so that he couldnt sleep.他急得睡不著。 I get up early so that I should catch the train.我早起的目的是搭到火車。2. 表示“如此以致”的“sothat”和“suchthat”均可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，其中的such是形容詞，修飾名詞; so 是副詞，修飾形容詞或名詞。具體搭配如下：1）“so+adj./adv.+that”,“so+adj.(a/an)+n.+that”2)“such(a/an)(+adj.

28、)+n.+that”Eg: The boy is so young that he cant go to school.He is such a young boy that he cant go to school.Ex.81.I havent seen Ann for long that Ive forgeten what she looks like.A such B very C so D too2. His plan was such a good one we all agreed to accept it.A so B and C that D as3. We were in w

29、hen we left that we forget the airline tickets.A a rush so anxious B a such anxious rush C so an anxious rush D such an anxious rush（九）比較狀語從句1. asas : 像一樣Eg: My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.2. not so (as) as: 不像Eg: The job is not so difficult as I thought it would

30、 be.3.than : 比怎么樣，Eg: People believe that being a steward is better than most of the other jobs.4. The more, the more : 越 越Eg: The more he listened to that song, the more he enjoyed it.Ex.9 1. you meet her, you love her.A If; and B The more; the more C Although; but D The more; more2. She is than us.A clever B cleverer C more clever D the most cleverPractice:1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) came to China _ he was fifty.2. He began to work _ he got there.3. He didnt