非謂語動詞--分詞的用法

1、復習復習: : 分分 詞詞 有關有關 用用 法法一一. .分詞可分為分詞可分為: (: (以以do為例為例) )(doing)( done)二.現在分詞與過去分詞區(qū)別：區(qū)別區(qū)別 語態(tài) 時態(tài)現在分詞現在分詞 過去分詞過去分詞現在分詞現在分詞( )過去分詞過去分詞( )現在分詞現在分詞 ( )過去分詞過去分詞 ( )主動被動正在進行已經完成 復習練習一：根據漢語意思復習練習一：根據漢語意思, ,用所給用所給 動詞的現在分詞或過去分詞填空動詞的現在分詞或過去分詞填空a film 動人的電影動人的電影 a mother 受感動的媽媽受感動的媽媽(主動)(被動)a leaf 一片飄落的樹葉a leaf

2、一片落葉 (正在進行)(已經完成)movingmoved1.move2. fallfallingfallen復習練習二復習練習二: : 分詞做表語分詞做表語, ,定語定語, ,賓補用法賓補用法她現在好累她現在好累. .這工作累人這工作累人. .She is very .The work is .1. 表語表語:運用現在分詞或過去分詞完整句子運用現在分詞或過去分詞完整句子tiredtiring這就是那只嚇人的老虎這就是那只嚇人的老虎.這就是受了驚嚇的女孩這就是受了驚嚇的女孩. （ frighten）This is the tiger.This is the girl.2. 1 定語定語（單個分詞

3、）前置（單個分詞）前置frightening frightened2.2 定語定語（分詞短語）后置（分詞短語）后置正在建房那些人是我的朋友正在建房那些人是我的朋友.去年建造的那座房子將要拆除去年建造的那座房子將要拆除.正在建造的那座房子將是個商店正在建造的那座房子將是個商店.The people are my friends.The house will be pulled down.built last yearThe house will be a store. being builtbuilding the house*分詞短語作定語可改成分詞短語作定語可改成( )定語從句定語從句我看見

4、那玻璃是破的我看見那玻璃是破的. .我看見那男孩在把玻璃砸破我看見那男孩在把玻璃砸破. .I saw the glass .I saw the boy . 3.賓補賓補brokenbreaking the glass動詞catchhavekeepget leavemake sendsetstart現在分詞過去分詞 catch 等幾個特殊動詞接分詞作賓語補足語的情況：Grammar: The Participle phrase used as Adverbial分分 詞詞 短短 語語 作作 狀狀 語語A.現在分詞作狀語學與練現在分詞作狀語學與練 把劃線部分改寫成分詞短語把劃線部分改寫成分詞短語并

5、說明其功能并說明其功能 1. When they saw their teacher, the students stood up. Seeing their teacher, the students stood up. *現在分詞動作的發(fā)出者是現在分詞動作的發(fā)出者是( )句子主語句子主語*現在分詞短語作現在分詞短語作( )時間狀語時間狀語 1. After they had finished their homework, they went home.Having finished their homework, they went home.* *現在分詞短語作現在分詞短語作( ( )

6、*Having finished their homework表現的動表現的動作在作在went home( ),故用分詞的故用分詞的( ).( ).時間狀語時間狀語之前之前完成式完成式2.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school.Being ill, he couldnt go to school.* *現在分詞短語現在分詞短語 作原因狀語作原因狀語3.If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress.Working harder at English, you will m

7、ake greater progress.* *現在分詞短語現在分詞短語 作條件狀語作條件狀語4.Although they felt very tired，they kept running.*Feeling very tired, they kept running. 現在分詞短語現在分詞短語 作讓步狀語作讓步狀語5.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句并列句)*The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking. * *

8、現在分詞短語現在分詞短語 作伴隨或方式狀語作伴隨或方式狀語*Laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom.把下列劃線部分改寫成分詞短語把下列劃線部分改寫成分詞短語, 并并說明其功能說明其功能B.過去分詞作狀語學與練過去分詞作狀語學與練1.When she was asked why she did it, she began to cry.*Asked why she did it, she began to cry. *過去分詞短語作時間狀語過去分詞短語作時間狀語*從句的動詞用的是被動語態(tài)從句的動詞用的是被動語態(tài)*過去分

9、詞的動作由主語承受過去分詞的動作由主語承受2.Because he was moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *Moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *過去分詞短語作原因狀語過去分詞短語作原因狀語3.If I am given more time, Ill catch up with you.*Given more time, Ill catch up with you.*過去分詞短語作條件狀語過去分詞短語作條件狀語4.Although they had

10、been defeated many times， they continued to fight.*Defeated many times, they continued to fight. =Although defeated many times, they continued to fight.*過去分詞短語作讓步狀語過去分詞短語作讓步狀語*為使狀語含義更加明確，有時在過去分為使狀語含義更加明確，有時在過去分詞前可加上適當連詞詞前可加上適當連詞*Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦一旦”) =Once it is

11、used, the car will never be sold again.*When heated, water turns into steam. =When water is heated, water turns into steam.5.The teacher stood there and he was surrounded(包圍包圍) by many students.*The teacher stood there surrounded by many students= Surrounded by many students, the teacher stood there

12、. *過去分詞短語作伴隨或方式狀語過去分詞短語作伴隨或方式狀語六.分詞短語作狀語須注意的問題:練習練習: 判斷正誤并改正判斷正誤并改正1.Standing at the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.() *現在分詞所表示的動作由句子的主語發(fā)出現在分詞所表示的動作由句子的主語發(fā)出=When we stand at the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.2.Seen from the top of the hill, we cansee Shiyan Town.()*Seen from the t

13、op of the hill, Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.*過去分詞表示的動作由句子的主語過去分詞表示的動作由句子的主語承受承受=when it is seen from the top of the hill, Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.3.Moved deeply by what he said, so he decided to help the poor girl.()*去掉so*分詞短語作狀語分詞短語作狀語,不能和連詞連用不能和連詞連用.Because he was moved deeply by what

14、he said, so he decided to help the poor girl. ( )4.When visited at night, you must make sure the visitor is really your friend.()=When you are visited, you must make sure the visitor is really your friend.()The teacher came into the classroom, followed by six students. *過去分詞的動作由主語過去分詞的動作由主語承受承受,而現在而

15、現在分詞的動作有主語分詞的動作有主語發(fā)出發(fā)出.6.Although laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.()=Although he was laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.獨立主格結構：當分詞的邏輯主語與主句不同時， 帶邏輯主語的分詞短語被稱為獨立主格結構。多做狀語。If weather permits, I will go and visit the zoo.= Weather permitting, I will go and visit the zoo.When

16、the meeting was over, we all left the room .= The meeting being over, we all left the room.As it is Sunday, I neednt go to school.= It being Sunday, I neednt go to school.3.由There being +主語這種結構多表示原因。例如：There being a lot of books to read, he often studied till midnight.因為有許多書要讀，他經常學習到深夜。分詞的重要句型： gene

17、rally speaking 一般說來 frankly speaking 坦誠地說2. judging from 從來判斷3. speaking of 說起, 提到。 talking of / about 說起, 提到。4. supposing 假設。5. provided / providing that 倘若6. with / without + n. / pron. + adj. / adv. / prep phr. / doing / to do / done2. _ everywhere, the wolves had no where _ themselves. A. Huntin

18、g, hiding B. To hunt, to hide C. Hunted, hiding D. Hunted, to hide5. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 6. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. (03北京春北京春)A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tire

19、d; bored D. tiring; boring 9. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (01全國夏全國夏)A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered10. Before _, the machine must be checked. A. being used B. using it C. being used to D. using 11. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. (02京皖春京皖春)A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying12.The Emperors New Clothes, is an _ text. All of us are