廣州七年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)期中語法細(xì)致講解

1、初一語法及其練習(xí)題特殊疑問句操練場一根據(jù)句意，請(qǐng)從方框中選出合適的特殊疑問詞來完成句子。What how when where whose which why1. I have two apples, _one do you like better?2. _ do you go to school every day ? On foot .3. _did you go last night ? I went to the cinema.4. _do you get up so early? Because I want to do morning exercises (做早操).5. _can

2、 I do for you ? I would like a pencil.6. _shirt is this ? Maybe its Lily's.7. _did you go to bed last night ? At about 11:00.8. _ do you want to buy for your mother? A sweater.二根據(jù)漢語提示，將句子所缺部分寫完整，每空一詞。1. _ _is your teacher? I dont know. (多高)2. _ _ is the picture on the wall? Its red. （什么顏色）3. _ _

3、 do you get up every day? At 6:30. （幾點(diǎn)）4. _ _ books do you have? Fifteen.（多少）三 根據(jù)A句的意思,向A 句的劃線部分提問，完成B 句。1. A. She often goes to work by bike every day.    B. _ _ she often _ to work every day?2. A. The blue T-shirt is Bills.   B. _ _ the blue T-shirt?3. A. My father will go to Kunmin

4、g next week.   B. _ _ your father goes to Kunming?4. A. His brother is about five years old.   B. _ _ is his brother?5. A. They went to the park yesterday afternoon.   B. _ _ they _ yesterday afternoon?冠詞用法一、分類冠詞可分為不定冠詞（a/an）、定冠詞（the）和零冠詞（不用冠詞）。二、用法1.不定冠詞（a/an）不定冠詞a (an)表示的意思是“一個(gè)”。a用于

5、輔音音素開頭的詞前；而an則用于元音音素開頭的詞前。例如：The little boy eats an apple, and the little girl eats a banana.（1）用于可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前，表示“一”。 There is an apple on the plate.（2）第一次提到某人或某物。 This is an English-Chinese dictionary.（3） 在一些固定搭配中 a lot of/ a little/ a few/ a pair of/ a set of 等。2. 定冠詞（the）放在名詞前，表示特定的事物或人。（1） 第二次提到某人

6、或某物，用定冠詞the Look! There is a ball under the table. The ball is mine.（2） 用于指說話雙方都知道的事物或人。 Would you mind closing the window?（3）放在序數(shù)詞前。 Monday is the second day of the week.（4） 表示世上獨(dú)一無二的事物。 The earth goes around the sun. （5） 定冠詞和形容詞連用，表示某一類人。 the poor the bad the rich the good （6） 演奏某項(xiàng)樂器時(shí)，樂器前需加the。如：

7、play the drums/play the piano/ play the violin（7） 在一些固定搭配中。如：in the morning 在上午 in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上 all the year round 一年到頭 on the left/right在左/右邊3.零冠詞用法（1）在專有名詞、抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前。 We live in Asia.Have you ever been to Shanghai? Would you like to drink water? (2)在季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、日期、等表示時(shí)間的名詞之

8、前，不加冠詞； It is very cold in winter in Beijing.（3）在一日三餐、表示球類運(yùn)動(dòng)名詞前不用冠詞。 After we have lunch, we will play football.（4）在固定搭配中,名詞前不需要用冠詞。如： at school 在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí) in hospital 住院go to bed睡覺 face to face 面對(duì)面on foot 步行 hand in hand 手拉手all day and all night整日整夜 by bus乘公共汽車練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇。1. He often has _ egg and some mil

9、k for breakfast.A. / B. a C. the D. an2. -Whats the trouble with Lingling? -She doesnt go to_ school and stay in _bed now.A. a; / B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a3. -Do you have _ dictionary? -No, but Lucy has _ new dictionary on the bookshelf.A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a4. _ earth is round.A.

10、 A B. An C. The D. /5. There is _ “L” in the word “LUCK”.A. a B. the C. an D. /6. I hope you have _ happy day today. A. a B. an C. the D. /7. _ Whites are having dinner together.A. A B. The C. An D. /8. There is _ orange and some pineapples in the basket.A. the B. / C. a D. an9. Lisa has _ hat. _ ha

11、t is very beautiful.A. a; A B. an; A C. a; The D. an; /10. Im watching_ movie. It is about_ interesting love story.A. a; an B. a; a C. the; the D. /; an二. 句子改錯(cuò)。每句中有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)改正。1. July is a seventh month of the year.2. We wait here for half a hour.3. Students often play the football after school.4. Its

12、an European wolf.5. They often have a supper in a restaurant. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)講解： 1、含義： （1）經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在狀態(tài)；（2）表示普遍真理。 2、標(biāo)志性的詞： always（總是）,usually（通常）,often（經(jīng)常）,sometimes（有時(shí)候）,everyday（每天）,every week（每周），seldom（很少），never（決不，從不）等時(shí)間狀語連用。 3、句子怎樣變疑問句和否定句： （1）句子本身有be動(dòng)詞：She is a teacher. I am a pupil. They are work

13、ers. 這些畫線的詞是可以直接變的詞，否定句直接在be動(dòng)詞前加not（一畫二加），疑問句直接把be動(dòng)詞放在句首，句尾要加上問號(hào)（一畫二提三問號(hào)）。 She is a teacher. I am a pupil. They are workers. 否定句：She isnt a teacher. I am not a pupil. They arent workers. 疑問句：Is she a teacher? Are you a pupil? Are they workers? （2）句子沒有be動(dòng)詞，可以看動(dòng)詞的形式進(jìn)行判斷，用助動(dòng)詞do, does。 We go to bed earl

14、y. Janet feels ill. 看畫線部分的動(dòng)詞，如果動(dòng)詞用原形，就用助動(dòng)詞do，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形；如果動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)（he, she, it）動(dòng)詞加ses，就用助動(dòng)詞does，后面的動(dòng)詞也用原形。 We go to bed early. Janet feels ill. We dont go to bed early. Janet doesnt feel ill. Do you go to bed early? Does Janet feel ill? 4、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞三單形式： （1）一般情況下加s，如：get-gets （2）以-ch, -sh, -o, -s, -ss結(jié)尾

15、的加es，如：washwashes, watchwatches, dodoes, do-goes （3）輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，把y改為i加es，如：study-studies （4）特殊變化：havehas練習(xí)單項(xiàng)選擇： 1. - What time do you usually get up in the morning? - _ seven oclock. A. At B. In C. On D. With 2. I enjoy _ TV after finishing _ my textbook. A. watching, to read B. to watch, to read C. w

16、atching, reading D. to watch, reading3. My brother doesnt like coffee. She _ drinks it. A. always B. usually C. seldom D. often4. He _ his teeth at 6:30 oclock every day and then he _. A. brushs, has breakfast B. brush, has breakfast C. brushes, has the breakfast D. brushes, has breakfast 5. I have

17、_ for breakfast every morning. A. two pieces of bread B. two breads C. two bread D. two pieces of breads 6. He _ lunch at school every day. A. doesnt B. doesnt have C. doesnt has D. hasnt （三）用動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空： 1、Look, the boy _(sleep) in class. 2、Sometimes my mother _(take) exercise in the park. 3、He shoul

18、dnt _(play) computer games too much. 頻度副詞頻度副詞的位置 1. 在be動(dòng)詞之后。如： She is sometimes very busy. 她有時(shí)很忙。 2. 在第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。如： I will never forget the first time I met you. 我將永遠(yuǎn)忘不了和你的第一次見面。 3. 在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前。如： We often go there. 我們常去那兒。 4. sometimes也可放在句首、句中或句末，often也可放在句末。如： Sometimes she writes to me. 她有時(shí)候給我寫信。

19、She writes to me often. 她經(jīng)常給我寫信。練習(xí)1. Lisa helps her mom at home. （usually）_2. Jack is late for class. （never）_3. He goes to school at 7:00 every morning. （always）_4. On weekends, my father takes us to the movies. （sometimes）_5. My brother gets good grades at school. I am proud of him. （often） _可數(shù)名詞和

20、不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞英語中名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。凡是可數(shù)計(jì)數(shù)的名詞叫做可數(shù)名詞；凡是不可以計(jì)數(shù)的名詞叫做不可數(shù)名詞。（1）可數(shù)名詞分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式?？蓴?shù)名詞前可以用不定冠詞、數(shù)詞或some many等修飾。如：a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens（2）不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，前面不能用不定冠詞、數(shù)詞或many等詞語修飾，但可以用some a little much等詞語來修飾。有時(shí)可以與一些量詞短語搭配，這些量詞短語中的名詞一般是可數(shù)的，有單數(shù)形式，也可以有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：som

21、e water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water不可數(shù)名詞常考不可數(shù)名詞：1. 水類：water, juice, milk, coke; 2. 食物類：food, meat, bread, rice; 3. 其它：news, pollution, advice, information, money, paper等等。不可數(shù)名詞的“量”（1）用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，例如：The rich m

22、an has a lot of moneyThere is some milk in the bottleIs there any water in the glass？I don't like winter because there's too much snow and ice1. The little boy often gives _ to the headmaster on young people's problems.A. many advice B. some advices C. two advice D. two pieces of advice

23、2. I have _ information about the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A. aB. an C. a piece of D. a lot 3. - They are thirsty. Will you please give them _ ? - Certainly.A. some bottles of waters   B. some bottles of water C. some bottle of water     D. some bottle of waters 4. P

24、lease give me _. A. two breads B. two bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads 5. He wants to write down something , so he asks me for _. A. a paper B. some papers C. a piece of paper D. some pieces of papersThere be 句型就近原則There be句型的時(shí)態(tài)（There will be/There is going to be “將會(huì)有”）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：“There

25、 have/There will have/There is going to have”（×）【練習(xí)】There _ a lot of bread and some apples on the table.has B. isC. are D. were2. There _ a rugby match tomorrow afternoon.A. is going to have B. have C. will have D. is going to be3. There are some _ on the table. A. chicken B. eggs C. potatos D.

26、 meat 4. There _ any students in the classroom; they are on the playground. A. is B. are C. isnt D. arent 5. There _ two pens and a book on the desk. A. is B. are C. isnt D. arent Its adj +to do sthIt is interesting to read books.一般將來時(shí)一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(標(biāo)志詞)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the da

27、y after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow. will+ do. 如：I will go swimming tomorrow. 三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。 如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow. I am not going to go swimming tomorrow. I will go swimming tomorrow. I will not go swi

28、mming tomorrow. 四、 一般疑問句： be動(dòng)詞或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。 如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow. Are you going to go swimming tomorrow? I will go swimming tomorrow. Will you go swimming tomorrow? 五、對(duì)劃線部分提問。(疑問詞+一般疑問句?) 一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。 1、問人。Who 例如：I am going to school. Tom will go to

29、school. Are you going to school? Will Tom go to school? Whos going to school? Who will go to school? 2、問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. Is your father going to watch a race with you this afternoon.？ What is your father going to do with you this afternoon？ M

30、y father will watch a race with me this afternoon. Will your father watch a race with you this afternoon.？ What will your father do with you this afternoon？ 3、問什么時(shí)候。When.例如：She is going to swim at nine. She will swim at nine. Is she going to swim at nine？ Will she swim at nine？ When is she going to

31、swim ? When will she swim ？ 同義句: be going to = will (be going to 常指客觀情況，will 常指主觀情況) I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy _ going to go camping. 2. Ill go and join them.（改否定） I _ go _ join them. 六、一般將來時(shí)的習(xí)題 一、填空。 1我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my fri