高中英語(yǔ)必修五 Unit4 Making the news-語(yǔ)法篇（學(xué)生版）

1、.Unit4 Making the news-語(yǔ)法篇_1. 學(xué)會(huì)倒裝句的用法；2. 理解完全倒裝和部分倒裝的區(qū)別；3. 可以使用倒裝句的知識(shí)點(diǎn)作對(duì)相關(guān)題目，靈敏使用。倒裝句英語(yǔ)最根本的語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在后。但有時(shí)由于句子構(gòu)造的需要或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，就要采用倒裝形式。將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完全移到主語(yǔ)之前稱為完全倒裝，只將助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放到主語(yǔ)之前稱為部分倒裝。強(qiáng)調(diào)性倒裝和以so, neither, nor開(kāi)頭的句子是高考例題的熱點(diǎn)。一、倒裝句的意義1. 適應(yīng)一定的語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造的需要，主要是指疑問(wèn)句句型構(gòu)造的需要。e.g. May I come in?Was the People's Liberat

2、ion Army founded in 1927?2. 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)某一部分，而把這部分放到句首，構(gòu)成倒裝。e.g. Never have I been late for school this term. So early did he come to school that no other students came.二、倒裝的用法1. 在“there be構(gòu)造里，there是引導(dǎo)詞，主語(yǔ)在be后。在“there + be構(gòu)造中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)不用be , 而用表示類似“存在觀念的其他不及物動(dòng)詞。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appe

3、ar等。e.g. There is a box on the table.There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.2. 在疑問(wèn)句中。e.g. Is she singing in the classroom?What does your mother do? 3. 在here， there等副詞開(kāi)頭的某些句子里要用一般如今時(shí)態(tài)。假如主

4、語(yǔ)是人稱代詞，主語(yǔ)和主要?jiǎng)釉~的詞序不變。完全倒裝e.g. There goes the bell. Here is an apple for you.There she comes.Ex：There _. And here _.A. goes the phone; she comesB. is the phone going; is sheC. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she4. 重復(fù)倒裝句型，用在以so, nor, neither開(kāi)頭，表示謂語(yǔ)所述的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或一事物的肯定或否認(rèn)句中。so用于肯

5、定句，表示“也一樣“也這樣；nor， neither用于否認(rèn)句，表示“同樣也不，也不這樣。e.g. I am watching TV. So is she. My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither Nor did I.She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother.You passed the exam. So did I.He doesnt like shopping. Neither do i.He cant speak any foreign language. Nor ca

6、n his father.表示兩人的同樣一個(gè)情況時(shí)，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)要一致。否那么要用so it is withHis uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.Ex：1 I don't know how to swim, _.A. and my sister doesn't neither B. nor my sister can C. nor does my sister D. and

7、my sister does either2 She's passed the test. _. A. So am I B. So have I C. So I have D. Also I have5. 直接引語(yǔ)的全部或一部分放在句首時(shí)，主句中的主謂也常直接倒裝。完全倒裝e.g. "Very well." said the French student. "Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please." said he.6. 在以hardlyscarcely, never, not, not only,

8、 little, few，seldom, no soonerthan, not until, no where等否認(rèn)或半否認(rèn)意義的副詞、連詞放在句首時(shí)要用倒裝句，采用部分倒裝。如不放在句首就不要倒裝。e.g. Little did he say at the meeting. Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.HardlyScarcely had he reached the station when the train started.Not once did we visit the city of our own.Se

9、ldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.Not only was there no electricity, but also no water.Not until he shouted at the top of his voice did she turn her head.比較：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.Ex：1 Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off. A. I had arrived a

10、tB. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2 Have you ever seen anything like that before? No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seenB. never I have seenC. never have I seenD. I have seen7. 用于以only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句的句子中。e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily

11、back to work. Only in this way can we learn English well.注意：假如only后的詞組不是狀語(yǔ)，不需倒裝。e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this. Only a few young men went to the theatre. 修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)那么不用倒裝Ex：1Only in this way _ make progress in your English. A. youB. can youC. you be able toD. will you able to2 Only when the meeting was o

12、ver_ go back to meet his friend. A. he couldB. he was able toC. was he able toD. was able to he3Only after liberation_ to be treated as human beings.A. did they begin B. they had begun C. they did begin D. had they begun8. 為了表達(dá)生動(dòng)，有時(shí)把表地點(diǎn)、方位的副詞，如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首，同時(shí)把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前。假設(shè)主語(yǔ)為人稱代詞，主語(yǔ)

13、和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的位置不變，只將副詞放在句首。完全倒裝e.g. Away hurried the boy. Out rushed the girl.Away she went with tears in her eyes.Ex：Out _ , with a stick in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ) 如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等放在句首時(shí),要全部倒裝

14、。如:On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.In front of the classroom is a playground.Ex：Under a big tree _, half asleep.A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man9. 在虛擬構(gòu)造中，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)含有were, had 和should這三個(gè)詞是，可省去if，將這些詞移至主語(yǔ)之前。e.g. Had I time = If I had time, I would go

15、and help you. Were I you = If I were you,I would go abroad. Should he come =If he should come, tell him to ring me up.10. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要倒裝形容詞/ 副詞/ 名詞/ 動(dòng)詞 + as + 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)。e.g. Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me. Child as he is, he seems to know everything.child前不加冠詞Hard as he worded, he made l

16、ittle progress.Ex：_, he's honest. A. As he is poorB. Poor is heC. Poor as he isD. Poor as is he_, he knows a lot of things. A. A child as he is B. Child as he is C. A child as is he D. Child as is he 11. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。e.g. May you succeed！ Long live the People's Republic of China！12. So + 形容詞

17、、副詞及such 置于句首時(shí)要倒裝。 So happy did he feel.Such was me.13.固定搭配 hardlywhen; scarcelywhen; no soonerthan 可以用正常語(yǔ)序 had hardly done when did 或用倒裝句式Hardly had + 主語(yǔ)+ done when did 句式。hardly所在的句子用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.No sooner had h

18、e arrived in Beijing than he began to work.Ex：Hardly _down _he stepped in.A. had I sat than B. I had sat when C. had I sat then D. had I satwhen14. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝構(gòu)造。如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Ex：Many a t

19、ime _ swimming alone. A. the boy wentB. went the boyC. did the boy goD. did go the boy15. so+ 形容詞/副詞that 的構(gòu)造狀語(yǔ)從句可以用正常語(yǔ)序表示，也可以把so+形容詞/副詞放于句首構(gòu)成倒裝。句型如下： so +形容詞/副詞+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞that +從句。Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.= So fast does light travel that it is difficult

20、 for us to imagine its speed.So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days.16. "分詞代詞 + be + 主語(yǔ)"構(gòu)造。如:Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.done做形容詞在句中做表語(yǔ)時(shí)，常把表語(yǔ)放在句首，要用倒裝句式。Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign

21、oil.17.為了保持句子的平蘅或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，或使上下文嚴(yán)密銜接，把它們放在句首用倒裝句。該構(gòu)造不需加助動(dòng)詞。East of the town lies a beautiful lake.In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.Outside the doctors clinic were twenty patients.1. 2019·河南豫北三校高三下學(xué)期聯(lián)考We all see Davids basketball skills; yet meanwhile little _attenti

22、on to his singing talent.A. do we payB. we paidC. had we paidD. we have paid2. 2019·石家莊市高三模擬If a healthy environment is gone, _everything that our life depends on.A. so isB. nor isC. so doesD. nor does3. 2019·陜西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三聯(lián)考We pursue happiness，thinking one day we will find it. But _it by seekin

23、g it.A. rarely will we findB. rarely we will findC. rarely will find weD. rarely find we will4. 2019·長(zhǎng)沙四縣一市聯(lián)考“Well done, John! Not a single mistake _in your paper this time! said the teacher.A. you madeB. did you makeC. had you madeD. you have made5. 2019·沈陽(yáng)、大連聯(lián)考Shall we take some apples w

24、ith us?No, at no time _in the library.A. is food allowedB. allows foodC. food is allowedD. does food allow根底演練1. Is everyone here?Not yet.Look, there _the rest of our guests!A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming2. John opened the door. There _he had never seen before.A. a girl did stand B. a g

25、irl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl3. Not until he left his home _to know how important the family was for him.A. did he begin B. had he began C. he began D. he had began4. We laugh at jokes, but seldom _about how they work.A. we think B. think we C. we do think D. do we think5. At the mee

26、ting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_, one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing liesC. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie6. Out _, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rush B. rushed heC. he rushed D. he did rush7. Maggie had a wonderful time at the

27、party._, and so did I.A. So she had B. So had sheC. So she did D. So did she8. On the ground _ a sick goat, whose life was in danger.A. lay B. lays C. lying D. laying9. Why cant I smoke here?At no time _ in the meeting room.A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permitted D.

28、 does smoking permit10. _ do we go for picnics.A. Certainly B. Sometimes C. Hardly D. Once11. No sooner _ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game began B. has the game begunC. did the game begin D. had the game begun12. _ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they h

29、ad a picnic in the forest.A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring13. _ that even people in the next room could hear him.A. So loudly did he speak B. Such loudly did he speakC. So loudly he spoke D. Such loudly he spoke14. _, he talks a l

30、ot about his favorite singers after class.A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student15. _, I would have phoned you.A. If I knew it B. Had I known itC. If I know it D. Did I know it穩(wěn)固進(jìn)步一、將以下句子改為倒裝句1. A village lies at t

31、he foot of the mountain._2. He doesnt like swimming and I dont like swimming，either._3. People seldom did experiment to test their ideas._4. It didnt stop raining until midnight._5. She had hardly gone out when a student came to see her._二、用倒裝構(gòu)造翻譯句子1. 樹(shù)下站著一個(gè)小男孩。_2. 他很少上學(xué)遲到。_3. 假如我是你，我會(huì)再試一次。_4. 這兒有你的

32、一封信。_5. 鳥(niǎo)飛走了。_三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1. He didnt realize the importance of English until he began to work._ _he began to work_ _ _the importance of English.2. He not only knows French, but he is also an expert at it.Not only_ _ _French，but he is also an expert at it.1._ and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumpedB.

33、The cat up jumpedC. Up jumped the catD. Jumped up the cat2._ and the lesson began. A. In came Mr BrownB. Mr Brown in cameC. In came he D. came in Mr Brown3. Over _, dead. A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled4. Where is my shirt, mum? _. A. There is it B. The

34、re it is C. There is D. Here is it5. Where is your father? Oh, _. A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he6. The door opened and there _ . A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered7. Now _ your turn to recite the text. A.

35、will come B. comes C. has come D. there is8. Often _ them not to smoke here. A. we advised B. advised me C. did we advise D. had we advised9. _ playing soldiers.A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boys C. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys10. On the wal

36、l _ two large portraits.A. are hanging B .Hanged C. hang D. hangs 11. _ who was wounded in the stomach. A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier12. Next door to ours _, who is no less than eighty. A. that lives an old man B. doe

37、s an old man live C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man13. She plays the piano very well, _.A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us14. You say he works hard, _, and _. A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do you C. so does

38、he; so do youD. so does he; so you do15. I thought you women were present at the meeting. _. A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we16.I dont think Jack will come today, _. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesnt C. Mary will either D. or Mary does17. She is fond of cooking, _I. A. so am B

39、. nor am C. neither do D. nor do18. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language.A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles C. So was Engles D. So did Engles19.A fish needs water and without water it will die._. A. So does a man B. So will a man C. So it is with a man D. So is

40、it with a man20. So absorbed _ the work that she often forgot to _ her meals. A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have21. So loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him. A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke22. _ his appearanc

41、e that no one could recognize him. A. Strange so was B. So strange was C. Was so strange D. So was strange23. Not once _ their plan. A. did they change B. they changed C. changed theyD. they did change24. Never _ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou. A. are seeing B. had I seen C. I have seen D. have

42、I seen25.Seldom _ TV during the day. A. they watch B. are they watching C. have they watched D. do they watch26.Nowhere _ as in my garden. A. the flowers were so beautiful B. were the flowers so beautiful C. so beautiful were the flowers D. so beautiful the flowers were27. Hardly _ his homework when

43、 he went out. A. finished he B. he had finishedC. did he finish D. had he finished28. Scarcely _ finished their homework _ I came into the classroom.A. had they; than B. they had; when C. had they; when D. did they; when29. Not only _ a promise, but also he kept it. A. has he made B. does he make C.

44、 he made D. did he make30. Not until his comrades criticized him _ to admit his mistake. A. had he begun B. began he C. did he begin D. does he begin_一、單項(xiàng)填空1. What I need is _ book that contains _ ABC of oil painting.A. a; / B. the; / C. the; an D. a; the2. He can speak English，German，F(xiàn)rench and Jap

45、anese. He is nearly a man with aan_for language.A. gift B. present C. ability D. wish3. Its said that the book _ many events that cant be found in other books.A. writes B. prints C. covers D. reads4. _ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.A. This B. That C. What D. It5. Mum went shopping._

46、_I started to prepare lunch.A. But B. Meanwhile C. However D. That6. How you _ your spare time is an interesting question.A. employ B. make useC. cost D. take advantage7. With his attention _on the shops along the roadside，he knocked an old man down while riding to school.A. concentrating B. concent

47、ratedC. to concentrate D. concentrates8. The wall was built along the river _ floods.A. in case B. in case of C. in the case of D. in that case9. My English teachers humor was _ make every student burst into laughter.A. so as to B. such as to C. such that D. so that10. The quality of a processed foo

48、d largely _ the raw material and the way it _.A. relies on; processesB. depends on; processesC. depends on; is processedD. decides on; is processed11. You _ part in the party in time.Sorry，I was delayed by the accident.A. are supposed to takeB. have supposed to takeC. are supposed to have takenD. supposed to take12. _in her finest skirt, the girl tried to make herself _at the party.A. Dressed; noticing B. Dressing; noticedC. Dressing; noticing D. Dressed; noticed13. So difficult _ it to live in an English speaking country that I was determined to learn English.A. I hav