國家開放大學學位英語考試復習-商務英語4閱讀練習及參考答案(學位).docx

1、閱讀下面的短文，并從A,B,C,D四個選項中選擇一個正確的選項，并把答案序號填寫在空白處。Passage1Identify(hecountryorcountriesyouwillbetravelingto.Itisparticularlyimportanttoknowwhichcountriesyouaretravelingtobecauseitdetermineswhereandhowyouaregoingtosendyourapplication. IfyouareintendingtovisitjustoneSchengencountry,youwillneedtoapplyfbrthe

2、Schengenvisadirectlywiththeembassyorconsulateofthatparticularcountry. IfyouareintendingtovisittwoormoreSchengencountries,yourapplicationmustbesenttotheembassyorconsulateofthecountrythatshallbeyourmaindestination. IfyouareintendingtovisitseveralSchengencountries,butdonothaveamaindestination,youshould

3、applyforthevisaattheembassyorconsulateofthefirstSchengencountryonyourtravelitinerary.FilloutanapplicationformbeforehandtoobtainaSchengenvisa.Youcandownloadandprintofftheformonline.PreparealltherequirementsfbryourSchengenvisaapplication.Dependingontheconsulateorembassy,youarcrequiredtoshowthefollowin

4、gdocuments: avalidnationalpassport; evidenceshowingthepurposeofyourtrip(ernationalconference); proofofmedicalinsurance; around-triptravelticket; proofoffunds.ChecktheprocessingtimetoensureyougetyourSchengenvisaontime.Theprocessingtimevariesperembassy,soitisimportanttotaketheprocessingtimeinto

5、accountwhenplanningyourtrip.1. ThefirststeptoSchengenvisaapplicationisto.A. decidewheretotravelB.downloadtheonlineformC.fillouttheapplicationformD.applyforapassportIfyouwanttovisittwoormoreSchengencountry,youwillneedtosendyourapplicationtotheembassyorconsulateoftoapplyfortheSchengenvisa.A. onepartic

6、ularcountryB. thecountryofyourmaindestinationC. anyoftheSchengencountriesonyouritineraryD. (helastSchengencountryonyouritineraryIfyouplantovisitseveralSchengencountrieswithoutamaindestination,youshouldsendyourapplicationtotheembassyorconsulateoftoapplyfortheSchengenvisa.A. oneparticularcountryB. the

7、countrythatshallbeyourmaindestinationC. thefirstSchengencountryonyourtravelitineraryD. thelastSchengencountryonyourtravelitineraryBeforeapplyingforyourSchengenvisaapplication,youneedtopreparefor.A. avalidnationalpassportB.proofofmedicalinsuranceC.bankstatementsD.alloftheaboveTheunderlinedword"v

8、aries"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto"B.differsD.variousA. differencesC.valuesPassage2TheAmericanideaofcustomerserviceistomakeeachcustomerthecenterofattention.Andwhereveryougo,goodcustomerservicemeansmakingcustomersfeelspecial.Whencustomersgettoastore,theyaretreatedashonoredguests.C

9、ustomersdon'tusuallyfindstoreclerkssittingaroundwatchingTVorplayingcards.Instead,theclerksgreetthemwarmlyandoffertohelpthemfindwhattheywant.Customersusuallydon'thavetoaskhowmuchitemscost,sincepricesareclearlymarked.Whencustomersarcreadytocheckout,theycangotothenearestandshortestCheckoutlane.

10、Goodstoresopennewcheckoutlaneswhenthelineupsgettoolong.Someevenofferexpresslanesforcustomerswith10itemsorless.Aftertheypayfortheirpurchases,customersreceiveasmileandawarm"(hankyouandhaveaniceday"fromtheclerk.InAmerica,customerservicecontinueslongafterthesale.Manyproductscomewithamoney-back

11、guarantee.Expensiveitemslikecars,computersorstereooftenhaveawarrantythatensurestrouble-freeuseforaperiodofayearormore.Advertisementsregularlyincludethemotto,"Yoursatisfactionisguaranteed."Soifthereisaproblemwiththeproduct,customerscantakeitback.Thecustomerservicerepresentativewilloftenallo

12、wthemtoexchangetheitemorreturnitforafullrefund.CustomerserviceinAmericagrowsoutofthebeliefthat"thecustomerisalwaysright".Ifapersonreceivespoorservicefromastore,heprobablywillavoidshoppingthereinthefuture.Ontheotherhand,customersoftenremainloyaltoabusinessthathasexcellentserviceeveniftheirp

13、ricesarehigher.1. Customerscn'iccinAmericaisbasedontheideathat44A. eachcustomeristhecenterofattentionB. everycustomerisspecialC. yoursacisfacdonisguaranteedD. thecustomerisalwaysrightWhenenteringastore,customers.A. askthepricesoftheitemsB.aregreetedwarmlyC.begintolookfortheclerksD.oftenseethecle

14、rksplayingcardsWhentheyarereadytopayforpurchases,customers.A. alwayshavetowaitforalongqueueB. nevergotoanewcheckoutlaneC. sometimescangotoanexpresslaneiftheyhaveboughtalotofitemsD. don'tneedtogotothecheckoutlaneCustomerservicecontinues.A. longbeforethesaleB.longafterthesaleC.untilcustomersleavet

15、hestoreD.ifthepricesofpurchasesarehigherTheunderlinedword“l(fā)oyal"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto"A. devotedB.lawfulC.likelyD.jointPassage3Teamspiritcanmakeorbreakateam.Teammateswhohaveteamspiritarcbetterabletoworktogetherandachieveteamgoals.Theyarealsomoresatisfiedwiththeirteamactivi

16、ties.JohnWooden,aformerbasketballcoachatUCLA,said,"Teamspiritmeansyouarcwillingtosacrificepersonalconsiderationsfor(hewelfareofall.Thatdefinesateamplayer.,Therearecertainskillsteammembersdevelopthatserveasgoodexamplesofteamspirit.CooperationCooperatingissimplyworkingtogetherasteammatesforthegoo

17、doftheteam.Cooperationisaskillthatteammemberscansharpenduringpractice.Forexample,basketballplayersmustpracticepassingtheballindifferentplaysandsituations.Teamefficiencyisdirectlyrelatedtothecooperationofitsmembers.Actingcooperativelyisagoodwaytoshowteamspiritbecausedoingsocontributestotheoverallsucc

18、essoflheteam.MotivationTeammembersmustfulfiltheirdutieswiththeirfullefforts.Stayingmotivatedshowsteamspiritbecauseitshowsthatyouwanttheteamtodowell.Thisincludesbeingmotivatedtogiveyourbestinpracticeandincompetition,aswellasoutsideofteamactivities.Forexample,abaseballplayercanshowteamspiritbybeingmot

19、ivatedtopracticehisswingoutsideofpractice.RespectRespectforyourfellowteammembersisamust.Youcanshowrespecttoyourteammatesbytreatingeveryonefairlyandequally.Teammatesalsorespecteachotherbyallowingeveiyonetoparticipate.Respectingfellowteammateskeepseveryoneinagoodmoodandencouragesoverallteamspirit.Fore

20、xample,peoplecanshowteamspiritthroughrespectbyencouragingotherteammemberswhomightbestruggling.1. JohnWoodenwasa.A. baseballplayerB.baseballtrainerC.basketballplayerD.basketballtrainerIfyouateammemberwithteamspirit,you.A. areable(ocontroltheteamB. arewillingtoconsiderthegoodoftheteamatthecostofyourpe

21、rsonalbenefitC. maylackmotivationD. mayshownorespecttoyourteammatesCooperationisaskillthat.A. canbeimprovedbyteammatesduringpracticeB. iscloselyrelatedtoteaminefficiencyC. canleadtopersonalsuccessD. isinbornItisimpossiblefbrteammemberstoiftheyhaveteamspirit.A. encourageeachotherB. keepagoodmoodC. di

22、scourageeachotherD. sacrificepersonalconsiderationsTeammatesencouragingeachotherbelongstotheskillof.A.cooperationB.motivationC.respectD.confidencePassage4Thebalancesheetisproducedattheendofacompany'sfinancialyear,andisasnapshotofitsfinancialsituation.Itshowsthecompany'sassetsandliabilitiesat

23、thatpointintime.Therearctwohalvestoabalancesheet.Thetophalfshowswherethemoneyisbeingusedinthebusiness(thenetassets),and(hebottomhalfshowswherethismoneycamefrom(thecapitalemployed).Thetotalofeachhalfshouldbethesame,hencetheexpressionbalancesheet.Therearetwokindsofassetslong-termandshort-term.Thelong-

24、termassetsareknownasfixedassets,andincludetheland,buildings,machineryandvehiclesthatareusedinconnectionwiththebusiness.Allfixedassetsexceptlandaredepreciatedastheywearoutovertime.Thetotalfixedassetsarethevalueofthefixedassets,lesstheaccumulateddepreciation.Theshort-termassetsarcknownascurrentassets,

25、andincludecash,stocksandreceivablesthatareduewithinoneyear.Thetophalfofthebalancesheetalsoincludesliabilities,thatis,alldebtsandobligationsowedby(hebusinesstocreditors.Currentliabilitiesarethosedebtsthatmustbepaidwithintheyear,suchaswagesearnedbutnotyetpaid.Long-termliabilitiesmayincludemortgagesand

26、otherloansthatwillnothavebeenpaidoffwithintheyear.Thetophalfofthebalancesheetthereforeconsistsofthetotaloffixedandcurrentassets,lessthecurrentandlong-termliabilities,givingthenetassets.Thebottomhalfofthebalancesheetshowswherethismoneycamefrom.Foralimitedcompany,thiswillincludethemoneyraisedbyissuing

27、shares,andisknownasthesharecapital.Thebusinessmayalsohaveplowedsomeofthemoneybackintobuildingupthebusiness.Thisiscalledretainedprofit.Thebottomhalfofthebalancesheetthereforeconsistsofthetotalofsharecapitalandretainedprofits,givingthecapitalemployed.1. Attheendofacompany'sfinancialyear,thebalance

28、sheetshowsthecompany's.A. long-termandshort-termliabilitiesB. long-termandshort-termassetsC. assetsandliabilitiesD. sharecapitalandretainedprofitAmongthefollowingassets,isNOTdepreciated.A.buildingsB.landC.machineryD.vehiclesCash,stocksandreceivablesallbelongto.A.theshort-termassetsB.thelong-term

29、assetsC.fixedassetsD.netassetsAlldebtsandobligationsowedtocreditorsareincludedin.A. thetophalfofthebalancesheetB. thebottomhalfofthebalancesheetC. currentliabilitiesofthebusinessD. thecapitalofthelimitedcompanyWhatisreinvestedinbuildingupthebusinessiscalled.A.theliabilitiesB.currentassetsC.sharecapi

30、talD.retainedprofitPassage5ChineseshoppersspentbillionsonlineyesterdayastheytookadvantageofdiscountsofferedonSingles*Day(November11).Itisafestivalforyoungsinglepeopletocelebratebyeatingtogether,sendinggiftsorgoingshopping,thusseizedonbyonlineretailerstoincreasesales.Ittookonly13hoursforsalesonjusttw

31、oonlinesites,TaobaoandTmall,toflypastlastyear'soveralltotalof19.1billionyuan(US$3.1billion).ThefinalfigureofSingles'Dayreachedanastonishing35.02billionyuanashundredsofthousandsofconsumersrushedtobuyclothes,furniture,andhomedecorationitemsatdiscountprices.Whatfriendsandcolleaguesgreetedeachot

32、herwiththatdaywas“Boughtanythingtoday?"astheyexchangedtalesofbargainsordisappointingnewsofpopularitemssoldoutminutesafterthespreebeganatmidnight.Inunderninehours,turnoverattheAlibabaGroup'sTmallandTaobaositeshadexceededthatoflastyear'sCyberMonday,asimilareventintheUnitedStates."Weh

33、opeothere-commercesitesalsodidagoodjobaswewantSingles'Daytobeaholidayforconsumersandagoodchanceforretailerstodiscovertheunmetneedsofshoppers,"JackMa,founderandchairmanofAlibabaGroup,toldreporters.“It'snotadifficultthingtobringourtotaltransactionsizeto10()billionyuaninacoupleofyearsbutwe

34、hopetodomoretohelpvendorsandmanufacturerstoupgradetheirproductsandservicetoreachmoreclients,"Masaidatanewsbriefing.1. WhichofthefollowingwaysisnotmentionedthatsinglepeoplecelebratedSingles'Day?A.Goingtothecinema.B.Sendinggifts.C.Goingshopping.D.Ealingtogether.2. Whatdidtheconsumersspendthei

35、rmoneyon?A. Discountclothes,furniture,andhomedecorationitems.B. Bargains.C. Popularitems.D. Alloftheabove.3. Whendidtheshoppingspreehappen?A.Almidday.B.At12p.m.C.At12a.m.D.Atnight.4. Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"exceeded''inParagraph3?A.excelledB.takenplaceC.

36、extremeD.gonepastWhatcanbeinferredfromwhatJackMasaid?A. Singles'Dayisanonlyholidayforconsumers.B. Singles'Dayisagoodchancefbrshopperstodiscovertheunmetneedsofretailers.C. Sellerswillmakemoreprofitsiftheyimprovetheirproductsandservice.D. Othere-commercesitesalsodidagoodjob.Passage6TheRoyalSwe

37、dishacademyofSciencesawardedtheNobelPrizeineconomicstothreeAmericans,EugeneFama,LarsPeterHansenandRobertShilleronOct.14,2013.EugeneFamaandLarsPeterHansenarcbothprofessorsattheUniversityofChicago.RobertShillerisaprofessoratYaleUniversity.Theywillsharetheprizeworthabout1.2milliondollars."Thisyear

38、'sprizeineconomicsciencesisaboutpredictions?*Allthreeofthisyear'sprizewinnersaremainlyknownfor(heirresearchandexplanationsofpricingforcesinfinancialmarkets.Theyhavehadabiginfluenceonthewaypeoplelookatandtalkaboutfinancialmarkets.EugeneFania'sresearchonfinancialmarketsinthe1960sledmarketw

39、atcherstochangetheirideasaboutinvesting.Hisideasarelinkedtothetheorythatmarketsareefficient,whichmeansmarketactorstakingallavailableinformationtocreatethecorrectpriceforthingsatanygiventime.Thisalsomeansthatovershortperiodsoflime,itisnotpossible(opredictprices.RobertShillerfound,however,thatoverlong

40、periods,theoppositeistrue.Itispossibletopredictthemovementofpricesandthatpricechangesarelinkedtohumanbehavior.Thefindingsofbotheconomistshaveledtothegrowthofindexfunds,investingmanydifferentsecuritiesasawaytoreducerisk.Mr.ShilleralsohelpedtocreatetheStandard&Poor'sCase-Shillerhomepricesindex

41、.ThatindexfollowshomepricesacrosstheUnitedSlates.LarsPeterHansendevelopedamethodforstudyinghistoricalpricinginformation.HismethodsupportsMr.Shiller'sfindingsandhasinfluencedeffortstopredictpricesinthefinancialindustry.TheNobelPrizeineconomicswasnotcreatedbyAlfredNobel,butwasestablishedinhismemor

42、ybySweden'scentralbankin1968.1. TheNobelPrizeineconomicswasestablishedinthehonorofin1968.A.EugeneFamaB.LarsPeterHansenC.RobertShillerD.AlfredNobelEachoftheAmericanuniversityprofessorswasawardedtheprizeworthabout.A.0.3milliondollarsB.0.4milliondollarsC.1.0milliondollarsD.1.2billiondollarsworksatY

43、aleUniversity.A.EugeneFamaB.EugeneFamaandLarsPeterHansenC.RobertShillerD.LarsPeterHansenandRobertShillerTheywontheNobelPrizefortheircontributionsto.A. financialmarketsB. predictionsaboutpricesinthefinancialindustryC. ideasofinvestmentD. thegrowthofindexfundsAnapproachtostudyinghistoricalpricinginfor

44、mationwascreatedby.A.LarsPeterHansenB.EugeneFamaandLarsPeterHansenC.EugeneFamaD.RobertShillerandLarsPeterHansen綜合填空練習1：Manyofthebanksandtravelservicesinwesterncountriesprovideaconvenience1)travelersbyissuingtraveler'schecks.Travelers,when2)(hechecks,havetosignthechecksinthepresenceofthebankorsen

45、iceclerks.Duringthetrip,travelerscancashthechecksattheagenciesofthebankorthetravelservice3)theyneedaftertheircounter-signaturesarerecognized.Alotoftravelersliketobuythesechecks4)theydon'thavetotakealongmuchcashandworryaboutcounterfeitsignatures.Theagencieswillgetbackthemoneythey5)bysendingtheche

46、ckstotheissuingoffices.Traveler'schecksaregenerally6)smallfacevalue,suchastenortwentydollars,orfiveortenpounds,formiscellaneouspayments.Thereisnotimelimitfortheir7)period.Itisvery8)fortheissuingofficestofinancethefundstheycollectbyissuingtraveler'schecksbecausetheynotonlyreceiveaservicecharg

47、efromthecheckbuyers,buttheyalsodon'tneedtopayanyinterest9)longthechecksremainincirculationbeforeclearing.Thisiswhybanksandtravelservicesarc10)toprovidethisconvenience.LA.withB.toC.intoD.for2.A.buyingB.buyC.tobuyD.bought3.A.thatB.whichC.wheneverD.wherever4.A.becauseofB.asC.dueD.dueto5.A.havepaidB.payingC.topayD.tobepaid6.A.forB.ofC.inD.with7.A.circulateB.tocirculateC.circulatedD.circulation8.A.profitB.profitedC.profitableD.profiting9.A.howB.nomatterhowC.whateverD.wherever10.A.willingB.unwillingC.availableD.autonomous綜合填空練習2：Therearetwocriticalfactorsinbuildingahighperf