初一英語入門教學(xué)資料

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初一英語入門教學(xué)資料一·語法：名 詞專題知識(shí)清單一、名詞的種類：專有名詞：專有名詞表示特定的人名、地名或組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名稱，專有名詞一般具有獨(dú)一性。除個(gè)別外，專有名詞通常沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。普通名詞：普通名詞是一類人、物或一個(gè)抽象概念的名稱。 普通名詞又可分為個(gè)體名詞、集體名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞二、名詞的數(shù)：個(gè)體名詞是一類可以單個(gè)獨(dú)立存在的人、動(dòng)植物、和團(tuán)體的名稱。個(gè)體名詞通常是可數(shù)名詞，有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。A名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化：情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況加 s, 清輔音后讀/ s /,濁輔音和元音后讀/ z /map-maps bag-bagskey-keys boy-b

2、oys 以s, sh, ch, x等結(jié)尾的詞加 es, 讀 / iz /bus-buses watch-watches以f,fe等結(jié)尾的詞改f,fe為v再加 es,讀 / iz /knife-knives leaf-leaveseswife-wives以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變y 為i, 再加es, 讀 / z /comedy-comediesbaby-babies以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾的詞加 es, 讀/ z /potato-potatoestomato-tomatoes注意：photo-photos radioradios zoo-zoosB. 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化：child-children

3、 foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geeseman-men woman-women mouse-miceC. 中、日、鹿、綿羊無變化，單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)是一家。Chinese Chinese, Japanese Japanese, deer deer, sheep sheep三、不可數(shù)名詞包括: 流體 air, water, milk 顆粒狀物體 rice, salt 抽象名詞 information 總稱名詞 money, time 自然現(xiàn)象 rain, wind 學(xué)科 math，scienceA用容器來表示不可數(shù)名詞的量：a cup of tea two pieces of

4、 breadB用much, a lot of, some，any,a little , little表示多少：四、名詞的所有格：有生命的名詞所有格一般加s，但如果名詞以s結(jié)尾，則只加“”；并列名詞所有格表示各自所有時(shí)，分別加“s”，如果是共有，則只在最后名詞加“s”；如果是無生命的名詞則用of表示所有格，這里需要注意它們的順序與漢語不同，A of B要翻譯為B的A。一、“ s ”所有格的用法:1. 表示有生命物的名詞的所有格。the boy's mother 男孩的母親 Kates school bagthe cat's neck 貓的脖子 注意：表示共有和各自所有: Jim

5、and Jacks room Lucys and Lilys backpacks2. 表示時(shí)間： a day's journey 一天的旅程 ten minutes walk 十分鐘的步行a month's time 一個(gè)月的時(shí)間 today's newspaper 今天的報(bào)紙 3. 表示自然現(xiàn)象： the moon's rays 月光 the tree's branch 樹枝 the earth's atmosphere 地球的大氣層 5. 表示工作群體： the company's new factory 公司的新工廠 the shi

6、p's crew 船上的工作人員 the newspaper's editorial policy 這家報(bào)紙的編輯方針 6. 表示度量衡及價(jià)值： a mile's distance 一英里的距離 twenty-five pounds' weight 25磅的重量 thirty dollars' value 30美元的價(jià)值 8. 一些固定詞組： a bird's eye view 鳥瞰 a stone's throw 一箭之遙 in one's mind's eye 在某人的心目中 an arm's length 疏

7、遠(yuǎn)二、表示無生命物的名詞所有格: a map of China the window of the classroom三、修飾語較多時(shí)： the tail of the old black cat 老黑貓的尾巴 the car of my father's lawyer 我父親的律師的小車 the fence of Janes garden Lucy花園的籬笆基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)：一 首先判斷出下列名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞, 并將可數(shù)名詞變成相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式 1. house _ 2. village _ 3. map _ 4. orange _ 5. bag _ 6. exercise _ 7

8、. brush _ 8. family _ 9. bus _ 10. city _ 11. box _ 12. baby _ 13. class _ 14. factory _ 15. glass _ 16. dictionary _ 17. watch _ 18. woman _ 19. match _ 20. man _ 21. food _ 22. chicken _ 23. tomato _ 24. policeman _ 25. radio _ 26. sheep _ 27. potato _ 28. Chinese _ 29. shelf _ 30. Japanese _ 31.

9、leaf _ 32. American _33. life _ 34. tooth _ 35. wife _ 36. foot _ 37. knife _ edy_ 39. half _ 40. child _ 41.garden _ 42. building_ 43 box_ 44. student_ 45. milk _46. cake_ 47. bread _ 48.people_49.work_ 50.key_二 列舉同類單詞數(shù)個(gè)。食品： food meat snack milk bread _水果：Fruit: apple pear orange watermelon_稱謂：gran

10、dparents father mother _文具：book pencil pen ruler _天氣：weather sunny rainy _顏色：colour red white black _星期：week Monday Tuesday Wednesday _月份：month January February March _動(dòng)物：animal dog bear elephant _交通：transportation bus car jeep _科目：subject Chinese English biology _三填入單詞的適當(dāng)形式：1. Two live in this buil

11、ding. (family)2. Look at those .(child)3. I can see a standing near the door. (policeman)4. There are some on the table. (glass)5. Would you like some ? (bread)6. I have two . (sister)7. I like . (cat)8. Do you want some for supper? (potato)9. He has two . One is old, the other is new. (watch)10. In

12、 autumn, you can see a lot of on the ground. (leaf)11. Do you drink much (milk)?12. He had two of tea. (cup)13. Give me some , please. (paper)2、將下列詞組譯成英語：一杯咖啡 一杯水 一條新聞 許多錢 一些面包 _ 兩張紙 _兩箱子蘋果_ 一副眼鏡_ 四瓶橘汁 _五杯茶_ 三籃子蔬菜 _ 一群孩子 _3. 寫出下列各詞的名詞形式： 1. work _ 2. teach _ 3. sing _ 4. ill _ 5. invent _ 6. wait _

13、7. thankful _8. foreign _9. cloudy _ 10. run _ 11. funny _ 12. begin _ 13. build _ 14. draw _ 15.act _4、選擇題(1)We need some more . Can you go and get some, please?A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe(2)Can we have some ? Yes, please.A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear(3) Sheep _ white and mi

14、lk _ also white. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are (4)Would you like tea? No, thanks. I have drunk two .A. any; bottles of orange B. some; bottles of orangeC. many; bottles of oranges D. few; bottle of oranges(5)He is hungry. Give him to eat.A. two breads B. two piece of breadC. two pieces

15、 of bread D. two pieces of breads(6)Please give me paper. A. oneB. a pieceC. a piece ofD. many(7) How many have you got on your farm?Ive got five. A. sheepsB. sheepC. pigD. chicken (8) What would you like to have for lunch, sir? Id like !A. chickenB. a chickenC. chickensD. the chicken (9) for your i

16、nvitation. A. ThankB. ThanksC. A thankD. An thank (10) This is bedroom. A. the twin B. the twins C. The twin D. The twins(11) There are more than 50 in China but there are only three my family.A. people; peronB. peoples; perons C. people; peronsD.peoples; person (12)Many _ are singing over there. A.

17、 woman B. women C. girl D. child (13)Beijing is one of the biggest _ in the world. A. citys B. city C. cityes D. cities (14)Tom is _. He will come to see me. A. my a friend B. a friend C. mine friend D. a friend of mine (15)They dont have to do _ today. A. much homework B. many homeworks C. many hom

18、ework D. much homeworks 專項(xiàng)中考熱點(diǎn)1 I read _ sports news about the running race today.A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of2. We have _ at seven in the morning.A. breakfast B. lunch C. supper D. dinner3. I am thirsty(口渴的). Would you bring me _, please?A. some bread B. some tea C. some cakes D. some eggs4. I am very happy when I see many _ on the farm.A. chicken B. sheep C. duck5. The hospital in not far. Its only _ walk. A. three minutes B. three minute C. three minutes6. The bookshelf