Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理培訓(xùn)資料

1、精品文檔Unit 1 How can we become good learners?語(yǔ)法一.介詞by的用法1.by意為 通過”，其后常接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。用來表示 以、通過、用（某 種方法或手段）”而達(dá)到某種預(yù)期的目的，常用來回答how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問旬。by doing sth意為“通過做某事” How does the boy improve his spoken English? By talking with a foreigner.（1） How do you learn English so well?chatting with my uncle in America onl

2、ine.A. By B. With C. In D.And（2）Jackson studied Chinese by tapes.A. listening B. to listen C. listening to D. to listening to2 .by+時(shí)間，意為 不遲于，在之前" I have to go to bed by ton' clock.3 .by+地點(diǎn)： 意為 在旁" Jim sat down by the window.4 .by+交通工具，意為 乘” I go to school by bike.5 .由by構(gòu)成的固定短語(yǔ)：by the w

3、ay順便說一下by oneself獨(dú)自=alone二.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法（一）用法：1 .表示過去發(fā)牛的某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.常用的標(biāo)志詞有akeady（ "已經(jīng)”，用干肯岸句）,yet（ "壞,已經(jīng)”，用干否定句禾口疑問句 ）,ever（“曾經(jīng)”），never （“絕不，從不” ），just （“剛剛”），before （“以前”），once （“一次”），twice （“兩次”）.I have already eaten the dinner.（說明我現(xiàn)在飽了）。I have already seen the film.（1）You don ' t

4、 need to describe her. I her several times.A. meet B. will meet C. have met（2）Hi,guys.Where are you heading向行進(jìn)）now?Home.Weall our money,so we have to walk home now.A. spend B.spent C. have spent D.are spending精品文檔精品文檔（3）Have you ever seen him?A. ago B. two days ago C. before D. just now2 .表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)

5、作或狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。經(jīng)常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for+時(shí)間段,since+B）間點(diǎn)或一般過去時(shí)從旬 ，如：for five minutes （5分鐘）since 1985（自從 1985 年一直至U現(xiàn)在）.since he was five years old（自從他是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志語(yǔ)還有so far ”到目前為止”注意：此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,若是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞要變成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。leave-be away borrow-keep buy-have begin-be on die-be dead join-be a member of go/come-be in open-be open bec

6、ome-be I have waited for you for three hours 我直等你等了 三個(gè)小時(shí)。He has been away for a month.他已經(jīng)離開一個(gè)月 了。（has been away不能用has left）Her brother has been a member of army for three years .（has been a member of army 不能用 has joined army）Han Mei has kept the book since last week.（has kept不能用 has borrowed）（1）I my

7、 hometown for a long time.I really miss it.A. left B.went away from C. have left D.have been away from（2）How do you like your English teacher?He is great.We all love him.Wefriends since three years ago.A. were B.have made C. have been D.have become（3）Anna,you Chinese is good.have you been in China?S

8、ince I was ten.A.How long B.How far C. How often D.How soon（4）Has the movie begun? Yes, it for five minutes.A. has begun B. began C. has been on（二）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句，否定句和疑問句的構(gòu)成1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句的構(gòu)成是 :主語(yǔ)+have/has釗詞過去分詞+其他.（have用 于各種人稱，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)）He has already posted the lette他已經(jīng)寄了那封信）2 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句的構(gòu)成是 :主語(yǔ)+have/has

9、+not砌詞過去分詞 +其他.He hasn't posted the letter yet:他還沒有寄那封信(注意：否定句中要把 already 變成yet)3 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句的構(gòu)成是:Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+其他. 肯定回答是 Yes, 主語(yǔ)+have/has 否定回答是 No, 主語(yǔ)+haven't/hasn't Has he posted the letter yet? Yes,he has/No,he has rb(三)have/has gone to 與 have/has been to 的區(qū)別l.have/has gone to意為

10、 “已經(jīng)去地方了 (還沒回來，不在說話人所在的地必”Where is Li Lei? He has gone to school.2.have/has been to意為 “曾經(jīng)去過地方(已回來)Where have you been?I have been to the library.(1)She isn't at the cinema now because she the library.A.has been to B.have been to C.has gone to D.have gone to(2)I think the man over there must be B

11、ob.It be him.He hasto Australia.A. cantgoneB.can't;been C. may not;been D.mustn't;gone(3)Have you ever been to Canada?Yes,I there last year with my parents.A. have been B.have gone C. went D.go(4) Where is Jhon? He the supermarket.A. has gone to B. has been to C. has goneSection Al.ask for s

12、th索要某物ask sb for sth “向某人索要某物”He asked his mother for some money.(1)He always asks meadvice whatever he does.A. for B. on C. of(2)She wrote to her friend and information about computer programming.A. asked for B. went for C. cared for D.paid for2 .the way to do sth=the way of doing sth. “做某事的方法”精品文檔

13、3 .區(qū)分 watch,see,readff口 look(1)watch強(qiáng)調(diào)看正在運(yùn)動(dòng)或變化的事物。多指看電視、錄像、比賽、表演等。(2)see 用于看電影, We saw a wonderful film yesterday.另外see側(cè)重于結(jié)果，指“看見，看到" Can you see the bird in the tree?(3)read意為“看”時(shí)，指“閱讀；朗讀”，后面接心膻盤雜志等。He likes reading storybooks.(4) look強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的過程，后面接賓語(yǔ)，則用look at.Look at the blackboard,please.Look

14、! The boy is watching the football game.His father is seeing a film,and his mother is reading a newspaper.(1)Jim has many books.He likes them very much.A.reading B.seeing C.looking D.watching(2) ! Yao Ming is in the basketball game.Les it.A.Look;100k B.Watch;watch C.Look;watchD.Watch;100k4 .have con

15、versations with sb .“和某人交談”He had conversations with his son yesterday.5 . What about？ =How about?意為"怎么樣”或“好不好？”接代_詞賓格或動(dòng)詞-ing。I think this is a good idea.What about you?What about visiting the East Lake?-We dori have much homework this weekend.Can we go out together?OK.What about a movie?A. to

16、see B.seeing C. see D. sees6 .aloud犬聲地，出聲地"read aloud朗讀loudly大'聲地，吵鬧地”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聲音喧鬧，不悅耳。The boys are talking in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy.A. aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud7 .在英語(yǔ)中,可以用動(dòng)詞不定式形式表示目的.譯為“為了”。We have to study hard to find a good job.(1) to school on time,I need to get

17、 up at 6:00 am.精品文檔A.Gets B.Getting C.To get D.get(2)How kind you are! You always do what you can others.A.help B.helping C.helps D.to help8 . practice doing sth. “練習(xí)做某事”We should practice English as much as possible.A.speak B.speaking C. to speak D.speak in9 . that way=in that way 用那種方法 this way=in

18、 this way 用這種方法Finally I found my uncle that way.10 . It + is+形容詞+ (for/of sb) to do sth.意為 做某事對(duì)于某人來說是 的”在此句型中，it_是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是to do sth。當(dāng)形容詞是描述人的性格、品質(zhì)的詞如 kind,nice,clever,foolish時(shí)用of sb, 其他大多都用for sb.It was very difficult for me to finish the work on time.It ' s kind of you tell me that.It s pol

19、ite for studentshello to teachers.A.to say B.saying C.says D.say11 . a little =a bit =a little bit=kind of意為“一點(diǎn)兒；少許”都可以用來修飾形容 詞/司詞。a little bit quiet.止匕外,a little還可以直接修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而 a bit 須和of連用才可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。The weather here is a little bit hot. a little water=a bit of water 點(diǎn) H 7k-What is your new friend l

20、ike? - She isshy.A. a bit of B. a lot of C. a little bit D. a kind of12 .Why don' t you doth" Why not do sth磯為“你為什么不做某事呢？” Why don' t you buy your mother some flowers?=Why not buy your mother some flowers?13 .finish doing sth “完成做某事”Have you finished cooking?Why not your teacher for hel

21、p when you cant finish the story byyourself.A.to ask;write B.to ask; writing C.ask;writing D.asking;to write.精品文檔精品文檔14 .常見的系動(dòng)詞可簡(jiǎn)記為 :一是 be (am, is ,are ,was ,were工是感覺 feel ,三是 保持 keep, stay四是變 become,get,turn, 五是起來 taste嘗起來，smell 聞起 來，look看起來，sound聽起來，feel摸起來 后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。(1)I feel to see that my hometo

22、wn is becoming more and more beautiful.A.proud B.angry C.upset D.lonely(2)The cookies good. Could I have some more?A. taste B. smell C. feel D. sound(3)What is the matter with you? You so sad.A.look B.seem to have C.look like D.seem like15 .祈使句的用法：祈使句表示請(qǐng)求、命令、勸說、號(hào)召、警告等意思。(1)肯定的祈使句：以動(dòng)詞原形開頭,動(dòng)詞原形前可以加Ple

23、ase,pleas曲可放 在旬末。Come and have fun.(2)否定的祈使句：“Don 't+動(dòng)詞原形+其他''Don't smoke here!(1)late. It s your first day to work.A. Don' t to be B. Don ' t be C. Don ' t D. No(2) draw on the wall.A. Not B. No C. DoesnXD. Dont16 .祈使句在表示禁止時(shí)，可與含有mustn't的句子互換Don't smoke here.=You

24、mustrnt smoke here.17 .記住兩個(gè)表示“首先”的詞：at first,first of all(1)at first的意思是“起初開始”，暗示后來的情況有所變化。其反義詞組是at last意為“最后，終于”At first I didn 't want to go,but I soon changed my mind.(2first of all的意思是“首先.第一”，相當(dāng)于first,表示順序，是時(shí)間上或 一系列行為動(dòng)作的開始，后面往往接 next,then等。First of all,open the windows,then turn off the gas,

25、and if necessary,call an ambulance 救護(hù)車).(1)If we want to work for our country in the future, we should have strong body and rich knowledge.A.at first B.first of all C.for the first time D.after all(2),the Internet was only used by the government.But now S widely used in every field.A.As usual B.At f

26、irst C.After all D.So far.18 .try to do sth ”試圖做某事，盡力做某事”She tried to carry the basket.19 .be patient with sb. “對(duì)某人有耐心”You should learn how to be patient.20 .“the+比較級(jí)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，the+比較級(jí)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)'意為"越，就越”The busier she is ,the happier she feels.The more you smile,theyou will feel.A.happy B.happier C

27、.happily D.more happily21 .find+it+形容詞+(for sb) to do sth意為 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事對(duì)某人來說什么樣的 ”正是 形式賓語(yǔ)，to do sth是真正的賓語(yǔ)I found it very difficult to learn how to drive.(1)We find necessary to protect the earth.A.it B. this C. that D. what(2)My pen pal found it difficult Chinese well.A.learning B.learn C.to learn D.learn

28、ed22 .the secret to的秘訣。 the answer to the question'可題的答案the key to the bike自行車鑰匙23 .so - that 如此以致于” sot為 如此"，后接形容詞或副詞，that 意為以致于"，后接句子。sothat常和 not- enough to及too7o進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換He is too young to go to school.二 He isnt 01d enough to go to scho=He is soyoung that he can t go to school.(1)The

29、 problem is too difficult for me to work out.(改為同義句)The problem isn ' t for me to work out.(2)She wasangry she walked out and closed the door heavily.A.so;that B.too;and C.very;that D.such;that24 .(1)be afraid to do sth=be afraid of doing sth意為 害怕做某事”精品文檔精品文檔(2)be afraid of sth意為“害怕某物"She i

30、s afraid of the dog.(1)I ' m afrd out at night alone.A. go B. going C. to go D. goes(2)The student is see the teacher because he a mistake.A. afraid of; has B. afraid to; has madeC. afraid to; make D. afraid of; made25 .區(qū)分 because o刖 because(1)because ofM后不接句子。We didn't go fishing yesterday

31、because of the heavy rain.(2)because其后接句子.He is late for shool because he gets up late(1)Liu Xiang had to give up the race his foot.A. because of B. because C. thoughD.even if(2) M ary didn't get to the party yesterday she didn't feel well.A. ifB. because C. butD. until26 .過去分詞短語(yǔ)可作后置定語(yǔ)，意為“被的

32、”。The novels written by Lu Xun are very educational.a boy called/named Li Lei 一個(gè)被稱作李雷的男孩27 .fall in love with意為“愛上(某人或某物)”They fell in love with each other after working together for many years.28 .區(qū)分 exciting 和 excited(1)exciting意為“令人興奮的"，修飾物。He told me the exciting news. The story is exciting

33、.(2)excited意為“感到興奮的"，修飾人。What are you so excited about? Everyone looked very excited.29 .begin to do sth=begin doing sth為 “開始做某事”She began to cry.30 .區(qū)分 the other,anothe劑 other(1)the other指"兩者中的另一個(gè)"，接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。常用短語(yǔ)：one-the other意為兩者中 “一個(gè)另一個(gè)”I have two pencils,one is short,the other is lo

34、ng.精品文檔精品文檔(2)another泛指三者或三者以上中的另一個(gè),后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。The shirt is too small for me.Show me another one,please.(3)other意為“其他的”，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。other students其他的學(xué)生 (4)some others意為泛指 “一些另一些”Some people believe it ,others not.注意：others=other鎧詞復(fù)數(shù)(1)He has two sisters. One is a doctor and is a teacher.A. another B. oth

35、er C. the other D. One(2)Would you like to havecake?-No,thanks.I've had two.Thats enough.A.other B.others C.another D.the other31 .although=though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管，雖然”在一個(gè)句子中，although/though “雖然”和but “但是”不能同時(shí)連用，即 用了 although/though就不能用 but,用了 but,就不能用 although/though Although/Though he is poor,he is

36、 very happy.(1)many children like KFC.I think they'd better try not to eat it too often.A.Because B.When C.Although D.If(2)he is ill,he goes to school.A. Although, but B. /, / C. Although, / D. But, although(3)The boy can speak both English and Japanesehe is only ten.Wow,what a clever boy!A.if B

37、.because C.although D.but32 .help的用法(1)help sb do sth竟為 幫助某人做某事 " I can help you learn English.(2)help sb to do sth竟為 幫助某人做某事 " I can help you to learn English.(3)help sb with sth.意為 幫助某人做某事”I can help you with (learning) English.Our teacher always helps us our English.A. for B. into C. to

38、D. with33 .區(qū)分 invent 和 discover精品文檔精品文檔(1)invent指客觀上不存在的東西后來被人發(fā)明discover意為發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到"，指發(fā)現(xiàn)或找到某種自然界本來已存在，但以前未被人發(fā)現(xiàn)或認(rèn)識(shí)的事物。Edison invented the electric light.Columbus discovered America on the 12th of October, 1492.(1)We all know who the telephone.A.find B.found C.discovered D.invented(2)Gilbert(吉爾伯特)ele

39、ctricity and Edison the electric light bulb.A.discovered;invented B.discovered;discoveredC.invented;invented D.invented;discovered34 .形容詞修飾不定代詞的語(yǔ)序是：不定代詞+形容詞。something interesting一些有趣的東西My host family tried to cook for me when I studied in New Zealand.A.different somethingB.different anythingC.someth

40、ing differentD.anything different35 . want “想要” =would like后面接三種形式(1)want sth “想要某物" They want good jobs.(2)want to do sth "想要做某事" I want to go to Hangzhou for my holiday.(3)want sb to do sth. “想要某人做某事”He wants me to go shopping with him.(1)I want them(stay) for dinner with us.(2)They

41、 want some green tea.(同義句)They green tea.(3)My brother want a friend of.A. to see, him B. seeing, him C. to see, his D. seeing, his36 . look up (在字典，參考書中)查閱;查找.代詞必須放在中間I don't know the word.Let s look it up in the dictionary.37 .so that弓I導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句、意為“為了，以便”Please turn on the light so that we can s

42、ee it clearly.You have to leave nowyou can catch the early bus.精品文檔A.so that B.as soon as C.because. D.so- that38 .take notes意為“做筆記”。You'd better take notes in class.39 .memorize 意為“記住；記憶”，相當(dāng)于 remember 名詞形式是 memory 意She memorized the number of the car.40 .How often 多久一次”，對(duì)頻率副詞(often,always,every

43、 day,twice a week 提問，常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。-How often do you exercise? Once a day.How long多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”對(duì)for+時(shí)間段或since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)提問、用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。-How long have you worked in Beijing? For five years.How soon多久以后將”對(duì)in+時(shí)間段提問,用于一般將來時(shí)。 How soon will Mr. Li come back? In a week.How often 多久次“，對(duì)頻率副詞 (often,always,every day,twice a week 提問，

44、常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。-How often do you exercise? Once a day.How long多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”對(duì)for+時(shí)間段或since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)提問,用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。How long have you worked in Beijing? For five years.How soon多久以后將”對(duì)in+時(shí)間段提問,用于一般將來時(shí)。 How soon will Mr. Li come back? In a week.does your cousin go to the gym?-Twice a week.A.How long B.How soon C.How oftenSecti

45、on B1 .在英語(yǔ)中，疑問詞+to do形式 如：how to get to the park可以作賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng) 于 how I can get to the park (賓語(yǔ)從句)如：I don' know how to solve the problem.=I don' know how I can solve the problem.Can you tell me when to leave? =Can you tell me when I will leave?背：I don't know what to do=I don't know what I c

46、an do?(1)I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation.What about you?精品文檔精品文檔I haven t decided where.A.go B.went C.going D.to go（2）Which dress do you like best,Madam?Sorry,I cant decide now.A.to buy which one B.buy which oneC.which one to buy D.which I should buy it.2 . make mistakes in=make a mistake

47、 in" 在方面犯錯(cuò)誤”I used to make mistakes in spelling.3 . keep sth都容詞意為“保持某物是什么樣的”keep the door openf呆持門是開著的（這里的open是形容詞，意為 開著的”，open還是動(dòng)詞，意為 打開”）keep the door closed呆持門是關(guān)著的（這里的closed是形容詞，意為 關(guān)著的”, close是動(dòng)詞，意為關(guān)上”）keep the room clean保持房間是開凈的（這里的 clean是形容詞，意為 干凈 的"，clean還是動(dòng)詞，意為 打掃”）4 .get sth+容詞,意為“

48、使某物是什么樣的”.The work gets everyone tired.get the pronunciation right使發(fā)音是正確的。5 .動(dòng)詞不定式常作后置定語(yǔ)，意為"的”。a good place to ea吃飯的好地方。something to eat此吃的東西 a room to live in 一個(gè)居住的房間Why dont you go out to play,Rose? I'm afraid I can t.I have much homework.A.do B.does C.doing D.to do6 .ability to do sth意為“

49、做某事的能力”He has the ability to speak English fluently.7 . depend on “依賴； 取決于”The price depends on the quality.You can't depend on your parents forever.Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? Well,it all the weather.A.belongs to B.happens to C.depends on D.concentrates on8 . if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句要用“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則。主將從現(xiàn)是

50、指：精品文檔精品文檔(1)當(dāng)主句為一般將來時(shí)，if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)If you ask him,he will tell you the answer.(2)當(dāng)主句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can,may,mus蹲時(shí)、從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)You can pass the exam if you work hard.(3)當(dāng)主句為祈使旬時(shí)，從何用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Put up your hands if you have any problems.(1)I' ll go out for a walk after supperf iit rain.A.didnt B.wont C.isnt D.

51、doesn't(2)If I find his phone number,I you.A.tell B.told C.will tell D.have told(3)There serious air pollution if people use more and more cars.A.will be B.will have C.has D.have(4)Boys and girls, up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp.A.putting B.to put C.put D.will put9 .區(qū)分

52、interesting ft interested(l)interesting意為“令人感興趣的”，修飾物。(2)interested意為“感興趣的”，修飾人。be interested in "對(duì)感興趣”The students in Class Two are interested in this interesting story.I'm in the story.A.interested;interestedB.interesting;interestingC.interesting;interestedD.eresting10 .acti

53、ve形容詞，意為“活潑的，積極的”。常用短語(yǔ)take an active part in “積 極參加”Although he is over 80,he is still very active.We all take an active part in the sports meeting.11 .pay attention to doing意為 注意做某事”，多指要留心、注意比較特殊的東 西或事物。Please pay attentionwhat he said.A. for B. of C. in D. to精品文檔12 .connect-with"把和連接或聯(lián)系起來”Ple

54、ase doHt connect this thing with that one.A railway connects Beijing with Shanghai.13 .(1)sb need to do sth. “某人需要做某事”You need to take good care of your mother.(2)sth need doing sth. “某事需要被做" My flowers need watering.(1)You need(add) some red sugar to the soup.(2)The bike is broken,it need.(rep

55、air)14 .以must開頭的一般疑問句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don't have to。Must I go home now?Yes,you must/No,you needrit/No,you don't have to-Must I be in hospital for a week,Doctor?-No,you.You can go back home tomorrow.A.mustn'tB. needn't C. must15 .區(qū)分 boring 和 bored(1)boring 意為“令人厭煩的”,修飾物This

56、 is a boring film.(2)bored 意為“感到厭煩的”,修飾人 She is bored with her job.16 .think about doing sth.意為“考慮做某事”He is thinking about going to Beijing for vacation.think over ”仔名田考慮“Let me think it over.17 .與good相關(guān)的常見搭配(1)be good at意為 擅長(zhǎng) ” =do well in I am good at math.=I do well in math.(2)be good for意為 對(duì)有益”反

57、義詞組是be bad for "對(duì)有害處”Swimming is good for our health.(3)be good to意為 對(duì)好” =be friendly to sb=be kind to sbShe is good to us.Miss Read is good music She can be good with children in the music club.A.at, B.with C.for D.to精品文檔18 .even if=even though意為“即使，盡管"，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Even if you work till midnight,you won 't finish it.19 .unless意為 如果不；除非”。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于if notYou will fail unless you work hard.(1)A tourist will easily lose his way in Beijing he has a map or a guide.A.if B.because C.unless D.when(2) We can become unhappy we don't deal with our probl