小升初形容詞副詞講義

1、形容詞與副詞1、理解形容詞副詞的意義教學(xué)目的2、掌握形容詞副詞的用法3、熟練掌握形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)教學(xué)內(nèi)容Homework般 差（）、形容詞、副詞的概念什么是形容詞、副詞呢？形容詞：我們把用來(lái) 修飾名詞、代詞的詞稱(chēng)為形容詞。形容詞主要描述人或者事物的性質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài)。?例:Simba is a good lion.(表性質(zhì))(It s a red lantern.表特征)He is(asleep .表狀態(tài))(1)形容詞通常用于 名詞的前面。譯為的”She is a famous actress. 她是位有名 的演員。He is a warm-hearted man. 他是個(gè)熱心的人。

2、a nice watch一只漂亮 的手表an empty box一個(gè)空箱子a clever boy一個(gè)聰明的男孩a beautiful girl一個(gè)美麗的女孩an interesting book一本有趣的書(shū)a blue car一輛藍(lán)色的小汽車(chē)(2)形容詞用在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)。Monkey is smart.猴子很機(jī)靈。It ' s hot in summer. 夏季， 天彳艮熱You look fine .你們看上去很好。中間用原級(jí)。如:(3) as -as (與 樣)，not as (so) as (與 不樣)The story is as interesting as that o

3、ne.The question is not as (so) difficult as that one.翻譯：1、他和他的朋友Jim一樣年輕。(young)He as as Jim.2、我跳得和Mike 一樣遠(yuǎn)。(far)I as as Mike.old youngZhao Benshan is old.Zhou Jielun is young.形容詞的反義詞beautiful -ugly（美麗，丑陋）thick-thin （厚?。゜ig-small 大小quick-slow 快慢old-new 舊新luck-unluck 幸運(yùn) , 不幸運(yùn)good-bad 好壞wild-strict廣闊的,

4、狹小的start-stop 開(kāi)始，結(jié)束hotcold 冷熱up-down 上下left-right 左右black-white 黑白important-unimportant重要，不重要形容詞的反義詞comfortable-uncomfortable舒適，不sure-unsure 確信，不確定thin-fat 瘦胖long-short 長(zhǎng)短many-little多少much-few多少clever-foolish耳口明高easy-difficult容易 難smooth-rough光滑粗糙friendly-unfriendly友好，不友好寫(xiě)由下列形容詞和副詞的反義詞? 1.fast?10.fat

5、? 2.tall?11.cold? 3.heavy?12.dry? 4.empty?13.slowly? 5.fat? 14.easily? 6.easy?15.little? 7.clean?16.few? 8.safe?17.good? 9.late?18.while副詞：說(shuō)明事情發(fā)生的 時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式 等含義的詞，我們稱(chēng)之為副詞。多用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞或 整個(gè)句子。（二）、副詞的用法：副詞多用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞。1 .修飾動(dòng)詞小明開(kāi)心地笑了。Xiaoming smiles happily.2 .修飾形容詞、副詞小明真的很開(kāi)心。Xiaoming is really happy.3 .表示事情發(fā)生的

6、頻率頻率副詞alwaysusuallyoftensometimeshardlyneverThey live happily. （happily 快樂(lè)地，幸福地，修飾動(dòng)詞live）They are listening to the teacher carefully. （carefully認(rèn)真地，修飾動(dòng)詞 listen）Don' t speak loudly in class. （loudly大聲地，修飾動(dòng)詞 speak）1時(shí)間now / finally /early5頻度always / often/sometimes / never / seldom2地點(diǎn)here / nearby

7、/ outside 6疑問(wèn)how / where / when / why3方式quietly / fast / slowly7連接how / when / where / why / whether4程度nearly / very / rather8關(guān)系when / where / why:mce-nicely wise-wisely（三）、形容詞變副詞1、部分形容詞加-ly可以變成副詞。如:形容詞 一 副詞quick ) quicklyslowslowlyquiet + r ly quietlyhappyhappilycarefulcarefully小試牛刀（-）在形容詞詞尾直接加如:ca

8、reful-carefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly 二）以輔音字母加的形容詞要變y為i,然后再加-JrJjQ:busy-busily; angry-angrilly; easy-easi ly（三）以we結(jié)尾的詞去助口M如:true-truly（四）以他結(jié)尾的詞去e加y.J?D:gentle-gently possible-possibly（五）其他以e結(jié)尾的詞一律力吆詞形變換6, well8. red10. little12.cheap1. easy （反義詞）3. big （最高級(jí)）5. new （反義詞）7. worst

9、（原級(jí)）9. nice （最高級(jí)）11 .China （形容詞）2 .busy （比較級(jí)）4. hungry （比較級(jí)）（比較級(jí)） （比較級(jí)） （比較級(jí)） （反義詞）名詞形容詞friend + ly friendly友好的love + ly lovely可愛(ài)的如：如:名詞形容詞rainrainy卜雨的snowsnowy下雪的cloud+ycloudy陰天的saltsalty咸的windwindy有風(fēng)的I.Winter is a(cold)seasonof the year.2.This radio is not so(cheap) as that one.3.Please listen to

10、me(careful).4. The child doesn t(write) as(fast)asthe students.5. I can swim as(fast ) as the fish, I think.bigbiggerbiggest（二）形容詞、副詞原型變比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的規(guī)律1。顫變化構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)L 一般情況在詞末尾加-e 和-Stgreat stronggreaterstrongerthe greatestthe strongest2.以不發(fā)音字母主結(jié)尾.只 力卜丁和-stfine nicefine nicerthe finest the nicest3. “朝元

11、輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的單詞，須先 雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-er和- estbig hot thinbigger hotter thinnerthe biggest the hottest the thinnest4,以輔音字母加丫號(hào)尾.變丫為L(zhǎng) 再力口-er和-esthappy heavyhappier heavier1the happiestthe heaviest5.多音節(jié)單詞.在單詞前面 加moe fDmostdifficult slowlymore difficultmore slowlythe most difficult the most slowly其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more,

12、 most來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulinterestingmore interestingmost interestingimportant（重要的）more importantmost important原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good （好的）well （ 好的）betterbestbad （壞的）ill （有病的）worseworstmany （多的） much （多的）moremostoldolder (elder)oldest (eldest)little ( 少的)lessleastfar （遠(yuǎn)的）far

13、ther (further)farthest(furthest)記憶小竅門(mén):合二為一有三對(duì)，“病壞” “兩多”與“兩好”，一分為二有兩個(gè)，一個(gè)“遠(yuǎn)”來(lái)一個(gè)“老”，你來(lái)猜猜猜看：引號(hào)內(nèi)的分別代表什么? 還有一個(gè)雙含義， 只記“少”來(lái)別記“小”。四、形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法1、形容詞、副詞的 比較級(jí)，用于兩個(gè)同類(lèi)的人或事物的比較，比較對(duì)象用than來(lái)連接old old erZhao Benshan is old. Grandpa is older.Grandpa is older than Zhao Benshan .than比比較級(jí)+ than比更She is cleverer tha

14、n the other girls in the class.她比班里的其他女孩聰明。Bill is _ Tom.(old). 湯姆(Tom)比露西(Lucy)高。(tall )2、形容詞或副詞的|最高級(jí)，用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比較，表示人或事物在某個(gè)范圍內(nèi)“最”V意：形容詞最高級(jí)前一定要用“the”基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：“A+be冊(cè)e+最高級(jí)+范圍”Yao Ming is the tallest in Chinese basketball team.姚明在中國(guó)籃球隊(duì)里最高。Cairo is the city in Egypt. (big). 約翰(John)是班里最聰明的男孩。(clever)、

15、按要求寫(xiě)出下列單詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)l.good2.thin3.heavy4.happy5.long6.little7.far8.careful9.slow10.well11.low12. beautiful13.large_14.famous15. eresting17.important18.cheap19.easy_ 20.high、根據(jù)句意，用所給形容詞或副詞的正確形式填空I.Jim works(hard), but his brother works(hard) than him.1. It ' s much(hot) today than yes

16、terday.3. Mr Smith is the(rich) man in this office.4. This match is(exciting) of the three.5. My mother is the(busy) in my family.6. Beijing is one of the(beautiful) city in China.7. This book is(interesting) than that book.8. Which goes(quick), the bus or the car?9. Look! His hands are( big ) than

17、mine.10. I think you do these things( well ) than your classmates.11. Whose bag is( heavy ), yours or mine?12. Does Jim run as( slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs( slow ) than them.13. I' m very( thin ), but she ' s( thin ) than me.14. My eyes are(big) than(she).25. My brother is two years(

18、old) than me.三、單項(xiàng)選擇題1 . Which subject do you like, maths or English?A.good B.better C.well D.best2 .This red rose is of all flowers.A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful3 .My book is newer than.A.he B.his C.our D.we4 .He is student in his class.A.good B.better C.the be

19、st D.best5 .Look! The bee than the bird.A.fly higher B.is flying higher C.as high as D.flies higher6 .His hens are and fat.A.big B.biggerC.biggest D.the biggest1.5 he knows abouthistory than most people.A.more B.muchC.most D.many1.6 t was really an story.A.afraid B.excitedC.excitingD.worried9 .Which

20、 city is from here, Beijing or Shanghai?A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the farthest10 .This building is that tree.A.so tall as B.as tall as C.so tall as D.as taller as四、翻譯句子：11 誰(shuí)比Jim年紀(jì)大？是你。is than Jim ? are.12 誰(shuí)比David更強(qiáng)壯？是 Gao Shan.than David? Gao Shan.13 誰(shuí)的鉛筆更長(zhǎng)，他的還是她的？我想是她的。 pencil is,or ? is, I thin

21、k.14 你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎？是的。as as your uncle? Yes, I am.15 Lesson One is interesting. Lesson Two is more interesting.(合并為一句話)Lesson One is than Lesson Two.16 她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。 as as twin?No, than him.17 Yang Ling 每天睡得比SuYang晚。Yang Ling to than Su Yang every day.18 He runs faster than any other people in

22、the class.(改為同義句)He runs in the class.19 Tom比你跑得快嗎？不是的，他和我跑得一樣快。Tom than you? No, he as as.20 . He isn ' t so tall as his father.(改為同義句)His father than him.五、選擇正確的詞填空。Sarah is 12 years (old,older).She is one year(older,oldest) than me.ButI am 0.1 meter(taller, tallest) than her.She studies in Gu

23、angzhou interational Shool.She studies the(harder,hardest) in her class.Everyone likes her.Yesterday ,she was ill.She took some medicine and she feels(good,better) now.I.better/best2.thinner/thinnest3.heavier/heaviest4.happier/happiest5.longer/longest 6.less/least7.farther/farthest further/furthest 8.more careful/most careful 9.slower/slowest10.better/best11.lower/lowest 12.more