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1、Lesson 2 BasicAssumption inLesson 1 Basic Concepts inmechanics n.力學(xué)modifyv.修改,調(diào)解,變更manageable a.可控制【管理】的inclinev.(使)傾斜rampn.斜板,斜坡【道】slopev.(使)傾斜frictionn.摩擦roll v.1滾動(dòng)multipliern.放大器,乘法器broomn.掃帚convertv.轉(zhuǎn)變【化】handlen.手柄【把】sweepv.掃蕩【描】,掠過(guò)efficiencyn.效率gaugevt.測(cè)【計(jì)】量,校驗(yàn)bearingn.軸承ideal mechanical advant

2、age 理想的機(jī)械效益neglectvt.忽略Mechani cs 機(jī) 械 學(xué) 的 基 本 概 念Plasticity Theory 塑性理論的基本假設(shè)assumptionn.假定plasticity n.塑性investigatev.調(diào)查,研究deformationn.變形metal forming process 金屬成型工藝【過(guò)程】strain (rate) n. 應(yīng)變【速率】 strength n. 強(qiáng)度stress n. 應(yīng)力yield stress 屈服應(yīng)力flow stress 流動(dòng)應(yīng)力 tensile stress 拉【伸】應(yīng)力 compressive stress 壓【縮】應(yīng)

3、力 shear stress 剪【切】應(yīng)力 geometry n. 幾何形狀elastic a. 彈性的springback n. 回彈bending n. 彎曲,折彎precision forming 精密成型tolerance n. 公差continuum n. 連續(xù)(體)manual a. 手動(dòng)的,人工的trial-and-error 試湊法metallurgical a. 冶金(學(xué))的grain n. 晶粒dislocation n. 位錯(cuò)( uni-,tri-,multi- ) axial a. (單,三,多)軸(向)的anisotropy n. 各向異性cylindrical a.

4、 圓柱體的cross-section n. 橫截面platen n. (工作)臺(tái)板,模板coincide with 一致,相符validity n. 正確有效,合法with ease 輕(而)易(舉)的,很容易的Lesson 3 Optimization for FiniteElement Applications 有限元優(yōu)化的應(yīng)用optimization n.優(yōu)化,優(yōu)選(法)finite element有限元iterative a. 反復(fù)的,迭代的alternative n.a. 交替(的),可供選擇的bias vt,n. (使)偏向【重、差】a desktop platform (計(jì)算機(jī))

5、桌面平臺(tái)constrain(t) v,n. 強(qiáng)制,約束response n. 反【響】應(yīng),靈敏度parameter n. 參數(shù)parametric a. 參數(shù)的preprocess vt. 預(yù)(先)加工,預(yù)處理mesh n,v. 網(wǎng)格,嚙合capability n. 能力,性能,容量loop n. 環(huán),回路,循環(huán)pose v. 提出model n. 模型,樣品displacement n. 位移,排量,替換buckling n. 彎【翹】曲,撓度f(wàn)actor n. 因素gradient n. 坡【梯】度,斜率flur n. 【電,磁,熱,光】通量,流量multidisciplinary a.

6、多學(xué)科的deflection n. 偏移【轉(zhuǎn),離】,撓曲Lesson 4 Metals 金屬toughness n 韌性corrosion n.腐蝕dump v.傾倒,堆放recyle v反復(fù)【循環(huán)】利用copper n銅aluminum n.鋁bronze n.青銅(器)alloy n.合金wear v.磨損metallic a.(含)金屬(制)的specification n.操作規(guī)程,技術(shù)要求,說(shuō)明書(shū)extract vt.提煉,萃取iron n.鐵carbon n 碳ferrous a.(含)鐵的ferrous metals 黑色金屬lead n 鉛zinc n.鋅tin n. 錫ore

7、 n.礦(石)mineral n,a.礦物(的)impurity n. 雜質(zhì),不純Lesson 5 Metallic and NonmetallicMaterials 金屬和非金屬材料magnesium n鎂nickel n.銀brass n黃銅luster n.光澤ductility n.延展性,可鍛性it is likely that 很可能it is certain to (inf.)必然,一定density n.密度be distinguished from 與區(qū)分coefficient n.系數(shù)in connection with 關(guān)于,與相關(guān) 【結(jié)合】category n 種類(lèi)ha

8、rdness 堿度elasticity n.彈性beam n橫梁,一束(光)penetration n貫穿,滲透abrasion n磨損【耗】roll n,v.軋輻,滾,軋mill n. 軋鋼機(jī),銑床spring n 彈簧permanent a永久的rupture n破【開(kāi)】裂stamp n沖壓 hammer n.(鍛)錘Lesson 6 Plastics and Other Materials塑料和其他材料inorganic acid 無(wú)機(jī)酸sulphuric acid 硫酸hydrochloric acid 鹽酸solvent n溶劑carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳rig

9、id a,n.堅(jiān)硬的,剛性(的),剛度mould(mold) n.模子,塑模,鑄模decoration n 裝飾fabricate vt.制造【備】,生產(chǎn)injection molding 注射模塑(法)blow molding 吹塑(法)compression molding 壓塑(法), 模壓(法)extrusion n.擠壓vacuum forming 真空模塑(法)powder metallurgy 粉末冶金constituent n,a組成【的,部分】,組元simultaneously adv同時(shí)subsequently adv 隨后coherent a互相凝聚的,協(xié)調(diào)一致的fusi

10、on n.熔化,熔接crystalline n,a.結(jié)晶【的】,晶體【的】restriction n.限制【定】,節(jié)流blend n,v.混合【物】,融合press n,v壓力機(jī),壓制homogeneous a.j 勻的sinter n,vt.燒結(jié)【物】Lesson 7 Die Life and Die Failure 模具的壽命和失效die n.模具,鍛【沖】模,凹模die life 模具壽命die failure 模具損壞deterioration n.變壞,退化,損耗surface finish 表面光潔度breakdown n破壞,擊穿lubrication n.潤(rùn)滑cracking

11、n.裂紋breakage n斷裂mode n方式,狀態(tài),模式thermal fatigue 熱疲勞layer n.Habrasive n,a( . 研)磨料 (的), 磨損 (的)impression n模膛,型腔(梢)heat checking 熱裂紋,龜裂steep n,a陡(坡)的,急劇的reversal n顛倒,相反overload n,v.(使)過(guò)【超】載initiation n.開(kāi)【初】始,發(fā)【產(chǎn)】生discrete a不連續(xù)的,單個(gè)的variable n.變量cavity n.模膛,型梢stock n.坯料,原材料impact n,v.沖擊,碰撞Lesson 8 Cold Wor

12、king and HotWorking 冷加工和熱加工coldhot working 冷熱加工forging n.鍛造,鍛件classification n.分類(lèi)recrystallization n.再結(jié)晶take place 發(fā)生strain deformation hardening 應(yīng)變 【變形】硬化be referred to as 叫做,稱(chēng)為,被認(rèn)為是warm working 溫加工,溫鍛ultimate a,n最終的,首要的,極限stress relieving 消除應(yīng)力處理austenitic a奧氏體的stainless steel 不銹鋼annealing n退火grain

13、 size 晶粒度solid solution 固溶體refinement n精煉【制】,細(xì)化hazard n危險(xiǎn),未知數(shù),意外事件 inherent a固有的,先天的,本質(zhì)的 sensitive a靈敏的,敏感的abnormal a非正常的critical strain 臨界應(yīng)變Lesson 9 Casting 鑄造casting n鑄造【件】die-casting n模鑄【件】foundry n.鑄造【車(chē)間】pour v.澆注suitability n. 適應(yīng)性pig iron 生鐵cupola n.沖天爐,化鐵爐erosion n腐蝕,(侵、燒)蝕ladle n.鐵水包graphite

14、n.石墨solidify v. (使)凝固disjoin v.拆散,分開(kāi)ingot n.(專(zhuān)岡)錠destructive a破壞(性)的,有害的retard vt,n.(使)延緩,推遲solvent n,a.溶齊ij (的)copper-base alloy 銅基合金Lesson 10 Metal Forming Processes inManufacturing 制造中的金屬成形工藝machine-building 機(jī)械制造plastic working 塑性加工billet n 坯料,鍛坯blank n.坯料,(沖壓)板坯configuration n.夕卜形,配置,排布stroke n.

15、行程,沖程amortize v.阻尼,緩沖,分期償還reliability n. 可靠性,安全性drawing n.(鍛坯)拔長(zhǎng),【線,管材】拉拔deep drawing 深沖(壓)brake forming 【壓】折彎(機(jī))成型stretch forming 張拉成型military n,a.軍隊(duì)【事,人】(的)consumer goods 消費(fèi)品integrity n.完整性,完全(善)jet engine 噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)turbine n.渦【汽】輪(機(jī)),透平(機(jī))regarding 考慮到,關(guān)于Lesson 11 Forging 鍛造armor m鎧甲immortalize vt.(使)

16、不朽(滅)blacksmith n.鍛工mechanical press機(jī)械壓力機(jī)hydranlic press 液壓機(jī)anvil n.(錘)砧,砧座craftsman n技工handling n.處理,裝卸,搬運(yùn)flexibility n. 柔(韌)性,靈活性drawn out 拔長(zhǎng)upset n徽粗,頂鍛closed impression die 閉式模鍛rapid-impact blow 快速?zèng)_擊,猛打vertical a.立式的ram n錘頭,滑塊,活動(dòng)橫梁block n.(模)塊draft n.模鍛斜度symmetrical a.軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的sizing n.整形,校正,定徑drop f

17、orging 落鍛,錘模鍛impression die forging 模鍛final forging 終鍛overheat n 過(guò)熱furnace n.【熔,高】爐pyrometer n.高溫計(jì)Lesson 12 Benefits and Principles ofForging 鍛造的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和工作原理metalworking n.金屬壓力力口工knead v揉搓【制】refine v.精煉【制】,細(xì)化porosity n.多孔性,疏松orient v.(使)定【取】向flow line 流線stress field 應(yīng)力場(chǎng)manual skill 手工技巧at ones command自 由

18、使用, 支酉己soundness nBc密性,堅(jiān)固性,無(wú)缺陷attainable a可達(dá)【得】到的open die forging 自由鍛gross n總共,重大confine vt. 限制,約束convert v.轉(zhuǎn)變【換】,更換broken up 破【斷】裂,分散microshrinkage n 顯微縮孔elimination n.消除,淘汰align v.調(diào)整,對(duì)中,校直Lesson 13 Welding 焊接weld(ing) v,n.焊接,熔焊pressurewelding 壓力焊spotwelding 點(diǎn)焊buttwelding 對(duì)頭(縫)焊fusionwelding 熔焊,熔接f

19、iux-shielded arc welding 熔劑保護(hù)電弧焊diversity n.不同多樣性fasten(ing) v,n連接(件),緊固(件)shielding n.遮護(hù),屏蔽solder(ing) v,n.軟釬焊,(低溫)焊料bismuth n.胡cadmium n.鎘rivet n,v. 鉚釘,鉚接braze n,vt硬釬焊,銅焊 oxidation n.氧化 flux n.焊接,助溶劑 squeeze 怖壓oxy-acetylene n,a氧(乙)快(的) torch n.焊炬electrode n.電(焊)極,焊條 filler n. 填充(劑)overlap v.搭接,重疊

20、strike v.攻【打】擊,放電Lesson 14 Heat Treatment 熱處理heat treatment 熱處理 microstructure n.顯微組織 low-carbon steel 低碳鋼prescribe v規(guī)定,指示 microscopic a.顯微的,微觀的 spheroidizing n.球化(處理) normalizing n.正火,(正)?;?annealing n 退火 hardening n 淬火 tempering n.回火 soaking(=holding) n.均熱,保溫 retarding media 延緩介質(zhì)prolonged a長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的,持續(xù)

21、很久的critical temperature 臨界溫度globular a.球形(狀)的carbide n碳化物,硬質(zhì)合金 quenching n淬火,驟冷 removal n.除去,放出Lesson 15 Introduction to Mechanism機(jī)構(gòu)介紹mechanism n機(jī)械,機(jī)構(gòu),機(jī)構(gòu)學(xué) kinematic a.=kinematical 運(yùn)動(dòng)的, 運(yùn)動(dòng) 學(xué)的kinematic chain 運(yùn)動(dòng)鏈link n.構(gòu)件,桿件.v連接【結(jié)】definite a.確定的constrained a束的,限定的unconstrained a.£ 約束的linkage n.連桿(

22、組,機(jī)構(gòu))joint n.結(jié)【接】臺(tái),較鏈.a.連接的,聯(lián)合的pin n.銷(xiāo)【釘】,錢(qián)銷(xiāo)revolution v.旋轉(zhuǎn),轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng).n.回轉(zhuǎn)體prismatic a.棱柱 (形) 的nonlinear a非線性的four-bar linkage 四桿機(jī)構(gòu)kinematic chain 運(yùn)動(dòng)鏈prime mover 原動(dòng)者【機(jī)】,驅(qū)動(dòng)件coupler n.連接件,連桿pivot n.樞(軸),軸銷(xiāo),回轉(zhuǎn)副,旋轉(zhuǎn)中心configuration n.夕卜形,構(gòu)造,結(jié)構(gòu)inversion n.轉(zhuǎn)換,更換slider-crank mechanism 曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)multiloop n.多環(huán)鏈,a.多回路的 s

23、ketch n草【簡(jiǎn),示意】圖,v.畫(huà)草圖,草擬skeleton diagram 草圖,示意圖,簡(jiǎn)圖envision v.想象binary a.二【雙,復(fù)】的,二元的ternary a三元的ternary links 三桿組quaternary a四元的quaternary links 四桿組cam 凸輪cam follower n.凸輪從動(dòng)件gear n齒輪sprocket n 鏈輪belt n.【皮,布,鋼】帶spherical a球的,球面的helical a螺旋的three-dimensional 三維的,空間的intuitively adv. 直覺(jué)【觀】地synthesis n合成(

24、法),綜合 kinematician n.運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)研究者(家)innate a先天的,固有的Lesson 16 Movement Analysis 運(yùn)動(dòng)分析criterion(pl.criteria) n.(判斷)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),判據(jù),準(zhǔn)則branch n,v分(部,支) transmission angle 傳動(dòng)角rock n.擺動(dòng),v.搖動(dòng)oscillate v.擺動(dòng),搖動(dòng)parallelogram n平行四邊形 antiparallelogram n反平行四邊形 frame n.機(jī)架,構(gòu)架impart v.給予,分給to impart M to N 把 M 給 Ntorque n.力矩,扭矩dyna

25、mic a.=dynamical 動(dòng)力的, 動(dòng)力學(xué)的pulley n.帶輪inertia n.慣性(物),慣量static a.=statical 靜力【學(xué)】的,靜的index n.指數(shù),指標(biāo)friction n. 摩擦thumb n.拇指,v.用拇指翻rule of thumb 根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和實(shí)際所得的做法matrix n.矩陣determinant n 行歹!J式derivative n.導(dǎo)數(shù)derivative of M with respect to N M對(duì)于N 的導(dǎo)數(shù)movability n.可動(dòng)性,易動(dòng)性parameter n參數(shù)discount v打折扣,忽視absolute a絕

26、對(duì)的graphical a.圖形的,圖解的polygon n.多邊形theorem n 定理stress n應(yīng)力bearing n 軸承centripetal a.向心的Lesson 17 Kinematic Synthesis 運(yùn)動(dòng)的綜合packaging machinery 包裝機(jī)械 lubrication n.潤(rùn)滑specification n.技術(shù)要求 actuation n 馬區(qū)動(dòng)jerk n.震動(dòng),沖擊axis n.(pl.axes釉【線,心】,中心線 contour n.外形,輪廓線eccentricity n.偏心【度,率】 gear ration 齒輪【速,齒數(shù)】比topol

27、ogically adv.拓?fù)鋵W(xué)地 customary a通常的,習(xí)慣的 correlate v使相關(guān),使發(fā)生關(guān)系 analog n.=analogue類(lèi)似(物),模擬 linear analog 線性模擬second acceleration 二階力口速度 higher acceleration 高階加速度paraphrase 廨義,意譯describe v敘述,描述,作運(yùn)動(dòng)category n種類(lèi),類(lèi)另U deliberation n.慎重考慮 province n.省,領(lǐng)域 preconceive v預(yù)想,事先想好analog computer模擬計(jì)算機(jī)trace v追蹤,描畫(huà)timin

28、g n.定時(shí),計(jì)時(shí),配時(shí)pitch v.投擲trajectory n.軌跡embed v嵌入,夾在層間orientation n.(定)方位,(?。┓较騭coop n.勺子,鏟斗,v.挖,掘,鏟Lesson 18 Cams and Gears 凸輪和齒輪cam n.凸輪gear n齒輪curve n.曲線a.彎曲的groove n.梢,溝mate v配合,嚙合cylindrical a. 圓柱的two-dimensional or planer 兩維的或平面的three-dimensional or spatial 三維的或空間的normal n.法線a.垂直的complement n,a余角

29、,余的collinear a.共線的lateral a橫向的,側(cè)向的stem n 桿guide n.導(dǎo)向件【器,裝置】,導(dǎo)梢(座)intermittent a.間斷的,不連續(xù)的dwell n,v.停止,小停頓inertial a.慣性的,慣量的engage v 嚙合rack n.齒條noncircular a.非圓的conjugate a共鈍的,n.共鈍值(線)cycloidal a.擺線的involved a.漸開(kāi)線的,n.漸開(kāi)線tolerance n間隙,公差spur gear直齒圓柱輪radial a.徑向的,沿半徑的offset n,vt.偏移,偏心a.偏心的disk cam 盤(pán)形凸輪

30、tangent n切線a.相切的,切線的concentric a同圓(的),同心(的)camshaft n凸輪軸pitch curve 節(jié)線herringbone a人字形的intersect v橫穿,相交parallel helical gear 斜齒輪,平行軸螺旋齒輪crossed helical gear交錯(cuò)軸螺旋齒輪face gear端面齒輪spiral bevel gear螺旋齒圓錐齒輪worm n.蝸桿skew bevel 斜齒圓錐齒輪hypoid gear 準(zhǔn)雙曲面(直角交錯(cuò)軸雙曲面)齒輪addendum (pl.addenda) nJ頂,齒頂高project v.伸出,突出cl

31、earance n間隙dedendum (pl. dedenda)nj根,齒根高tooth space齒間品巨backlash n間隙,齒隙Lesson 19 Screws, fasteners and joints螺紋件、緊固件和聯(lián)接件screw n.螺釘,螺絲,v.旋緊,攻絲fastener n緊固件joint n.連【聯(lián)】接,接合bolt n.螺栓nut n.螺母cap screw有頭螺車(chē)丁setscrew n定位【固定,調(diào)整】螺釘rivet n.鐘釘,v.用鐘釘鐘接key n.鍵weld n,v.焊接,熔焊braze n,v釬焊, 銅焊clip n.夾子,v.夾住,夾緊synonymo

32、us a同意義的monotonous a 單調(diào)的taint n.污點(diǎn),污染 v.弄臟tough a堅(jiān)韌的ductile a.可延伸的,有延展性的,韌性的tighten v.上緊,拉緊twist v.扭轉(zhuǎn)jumbo n.大型噴氣式客機(jī)titanium n.鈦close-tolerance高精密度的tooling n.工具,刀具v.用刀具(切削)加工proliferate v.增殖,增殖assembly n安裝,裝配,組件tap n絲錐,v.攻螺絲stud n雙頭螺栓resemble v類(lèi)似,像thread n螺紋(線),v.車(chē)螺紋drill n,v. 鉆孔hexagon head 六角頭fill

33、ister n. 凹槽flat head 平頭hexagon socket headA 角沉頭disassemble 街開(kāi)tensile a拉【張】力的,受拉的shear n剪切【力】v.剪切【斷】harden v使硬【化】washer n 墊圈preload n預(yù)載荷fatigue n.疲勞micrometer n.千分尺,千分表elongation n拉【伸】長(zhǎng)modulus n.(pl.moduli)模數(shù),模量wrench n.扳手dial n.刻度盤(pán)fractional a.分?jǐn)?shù)的,小數(shù)的Lesson 21 Helical, Worm and BevelGears 斜齒輪、蝸桿蝸輪和錐

34、齒輪helical gear 斜齒輪worm n.蝸桿,螺桿bevel gear 圓錐齒輪helix n,a.(pl. helices 或 helixes)螺旋線,螺旋線的right hand 右手,右旋的helicoid n.a螺旋【面,體】,螺旋(狀,紋)的wrap v.纏繞unwind v.解開(kāi),展開(kāi)generate 產(chǎn)生,展成(力口工)engagement n嚙合,接觸diagonal n,a對(duì)角線(的)objectionable a該反對(duì)的,不能采用的spiral n,a. 螺旋線(的),卷線(的)spiral gear 螺旋齒輪mesh n嚙合worm gear 蝸輪pinion

35、n.小齒輪pitch cylinder 節(jié)圓柱concave a中凹的curvature a曲率screw-like 像螺絲(桿)的thread n線狀物,螺紋線envelop v包圍,封閉enclose v包圍lead angle 導(dǎo)角cast v鑄造mill v. 銑削outboard a,ad夕卜側(cè)的,向夕卜pronounced a明確的,顯著的 stress n應(yīng)力tapered a錐形的positively ad.確定地,強(qiáng)制(傳動(dòng))地Pitch-line velocity 節(jié)線速度 automobile differential 汽車(chē)差速器 gearing n齒輪傳動(dòng)(裝置) of

36、fset n.偏置,橫距 hypoid a.準(zhǔn)雙曲面的 hyperboloid n.雙曲面,雙曲面體Lesson 22 Shafts, Clutches andBrakes 軸、離合器和制動(dòng)器shaft n 軸 clutch n.離合器 brake n制動(dòng)器 pulley n.(皮,膠)帶輪 flywheel n. 飛輪sprocket n鏈輪,星輪 bending moment 彎曲力矩 torsional a.扭轉(zhuǎn)的 static a靜(力,態(tài))的 axle n.心軸,輪軸deflection n.偏移,彎曲fillet n. 圓角,倒角peening n噴射(加工硬化法)shot pee

37、ning噴丸硬化stiff a.剛性的inertia n.慣性,慣量slippage n 滑動(dòng)actuation nm區(qū)動(dòng),開(kāi)動(dòng)coefficient n.系數(shù)statics n靜力學(xué)rim n.邊緣,輪緣shoe n閘瓦,制動(dòng)片【塊】band n帶,條cone n圓錐miscellaneous a.(混)合的,雜項(xiàng)的assume齦設(shè),承擔(dān)statical a.=static靜態(tài)的equilibrium n. 平衡reaction n反應(yīng),反力 overload-release clutch 超載釋放(保護(hù))離合器magnetic fluid clutch 磁液離合器lever n.桿,(手)

38、柄 spindle n.心軸,主軸jaw n.顆板,夾爪shift v.變換,(使)移動(dòng)ratchet n 棘輪circumferentiallyad v.周?chē)?,圓周地mate vJE合,嚙合,聯(lián)接synchronous a 同步的linear drive 線性驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置clicking n. 卡塔聲freewheel v 空轉(zhuǎn)coupling n.聯(lián)軸器sleeve n套筒flat n.平面(部分)a.平的periphery n.圓周,周邊wedge n楔(形物)v楔入pawl n.棘爪powder n.粉末mixture n.混合物electromagnetic a電磁的coil n.線圈

39、excitation n.刺激,激勵(lì)shearing a剪切的lockup n.鎖住Lesson 41 Definition of Robotics andthe Robot Systemmanipulator n.操作器,控制器,機(jī)械手peripheral a周?chē)模鈬膇diot n.白癡integrate v使成為一體,使結(jié)合起來(lái)hard automation 剛性自動(dòng)化a host of 許多Lesson 42 Basics of Computers(I)execute v 執(zhí)行binary a二進(jìn)制的read only memory (ROM) 只讀存儲(chǔ)器random accessmemory (RAM) 讀寫(xiě)存儲(chǔ)器,隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器erasable珂擦去的volatile a.可丟失的Lesson 43 Basics of Computers(二)harsh a惡劣的robust a穩(wěn)定的configuration n.結(jié)構(gòu),組態(tài)Morse Code 莫爾斯電碼suffice v足夠interference n 干擾fluctuation n.脈動(dòng),波動(dòng)e

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