畢業(yè)論文礦山機(jī)電專業(yè)斜井提升機(jī)設(shè)備選型設(shè)計(jì)

1、河北能源職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文專 業(yè) 礦山機(jī)電 系 別 報(bào)告題目 斜井提升機(jī)設(shè)備選型設(shè)計(jì) 報(bào)告人 劉鑫永 班 級(jí) 11級(jí) 指導(dǎo)教師 時(shí) 間 2012.12.05 教務(wù)處監(jiān)制斜井提升機(jī)設(shè)備選型設(shè)計(jì) 作 者：段永興 指導(dǎo)老師：摘要：礦井提升機(jī)作為礦山的大型固定設(shè)計(jì)之一，是聯(lián)系井下與地面的主要運(yùn)輸工具。礦井提升工作是整個(gè)采礦過程中的重要環(huán)節(jié)。由于礦井提升設(shè)備服務(wù)年限長(zhǎng)、投資大、電耗多（其耗電量一般占礦井總耗電量的3040%），所以為了降低礦石成本，提高生產(chǎn)的安全可靠性，必須經(jīng)濟(jì)合理地設(shè)計(jì)和使用礦井提升設(shè)備。隨著礦山生產(chǎn)的進(jìn)一步現(xiàn)代化，提升設(shè)備將成為機(jī)械化與電氣化相結(jié)合的先進(jìn)技術(shù)設(shè)備。本設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)述提升

2、機(jī)的發(fā)展史開始,對(duì)提升機(jī)的分類,重要型號(hào),工作原理和提升機(jī)拖動(dòng)的分類作了詳細(xì)的介紹.同時(shí)還對(duì)礦山的提升設(shè)備做了選型設(shè)計(jì),做了提升運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)計(jì)算和提升動(dòng)力計(jì)算,校驗(yàn)了等值功率,計(jì)算了電能消耗和提升設(shè)備效率。并設(shè)計(jì)了提升設(shè)備的控制電路,在設(shè)計(jì)中提升機(jī)采用了三相交流繞線式異步電動(dòng)機(jī)拖動(dòng)。其電動(dòng)機(jī)采用了可控硅串級(jí)調(diào)速。著重設(shè)計(jì)討論了其主回路和控制單元的設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)模擬的情況來看,本設(shè)計(jì)的方案是可行的,同時(shí)充分考慮了通用性、靈活性、實(shí)用性。關(guān)鍵詞：斜井提升；原始資料；年產(chǎn)量；系統(tǒng)目錄一 提升方式選擇8(一)斜井串車提升8(二)斜井箕斗提升8(三)帶式輸送機(jī)提升9(四)標(biāo)注：9二 斜井提升設(shè)備的選型計(jì)算9(一)

3、 斜井提升設(shè)備選擇計(jì)算的原始資料9(二) 根據(jù)礦井年產(chǎn)量要求計(jì)算礦車數(shù)10（1）1小時(shí)提升量10（2）一次提升量11（3）一次提升礦車數(shù)11(三) 根據(jù)礦車連接器強(qiáng)度計(jì)算礦車數(shù)12(四) 斜井提升鋼絲繩的選擇計(jì)算13(1)計(jì)算鋼絲繩最大斜長(zhǎng)：13(2)每米鋼絲繩質(zhì)量為13(3)按下式驗(yàn)算鋼絲繩安全系數(shù)：14(五) 提升機(jī)選擇計(jì)算15(六)驗(yàn)算滾筒寬度15(七)計(jì)算天輪直徑并選擇天輪16三 根據(jù)煤礦安全規(guī)程規(guī)定，選擇天輪直徑16(一) 對(duì)于地面天輪16(二) 對(duì)于井下天輪16(三) 預(yù)選提升電動(dòng)機(jī)16(1) 估算電動(dòng)機(jī)功率：16(2) 估算電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速：17(3) 根據(jù)P,n及礦井電壓等級(jí)查電機(jī)

4、規(guī)格表，預(yù)選出合適的電動(dòng)機(jī)。17(4) 確定提升機(jī)的實(shí)際最大提升速度17四 結(jié)果圖展示18五 階段速度圖19六 總結(jié)：19一 提升方式選擇斜井提升在我國(guó)礦井應(yīng)用極其廣泛，它包括斜井串車、斜井箕斗及斜井帶式輸送機(jī)三種提升方式。采用斜井開拓具有初期投資少、建井快、地面布置簡(jiǎn)單等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。但一般斜井提升能力小，鋼絲繩磨損快，井筒維護(hù)費(fèi)用高。(一)斜井串車提升可分為單鉤與雙鉤串車兩種。其中，單鉤串車提升井筒斷面小，投資小，生產(chǎn)能力小，耗電量大，但可以用于多水平提升。雙鉤串車提升生產(chǎn)能力較大，但只能用于單水平提升。一般年產(chǎn)量在21萬噸以下的小型礦井多采用單鉤，年產(chǎn)量在30萬噸左右的礦井多采用雙鉤，兩者均適用

5、于傾角在25°以下。(二)斜井箕斗提升與串車提升相比，具有提升速度大，生產(chǎn)能力高，容器自重小及裝卸載易實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。但需設(shè)置裝卸載設(shè)備、建造煤倉(cāng)，基建投資大。此外，為了提升矸石、下放材料、升降人員，需要外設(shè)置一套副井提升設(shè)備?；诽嵘话悴捎秒p鉤，適用于井筒傾角為25°30°，年產(chǎn)量在30萬t60萬t的礦井中。(三)帶式輸送機(jī)提升這種提升方式具有安全可靠、運(yùn)輸量大，且易實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化，但初期投資較大，設(shè)備安裝時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，并需要安裝卸載煤倉(cāng)等設(shè)備，一般用于年產(chǎn)量在60萬噸以上，傾角小于18°的斜井中。煤炭工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)定規(guī)定：大型礦井的主斜井宜采用帶式輸送機(jī)提升

6、。(四)標(biāo)注：串車提升按車場(chǎng)形式不同，又可以分為平車場(chǎng)和甩車場(chǎng)兩種方式。甩車場(chǎng)提升方式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)：地面車場(chǎng)及井口設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單、布置緊湊、井架低、摘掛鉤安全方便;缺點(diǎn)是提升循環(huán)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、提升能力小、每次提升電動(dòng)機(jī)換向次數(shù)多、操縱復(fù)雜。平車場(chǎng)沒有上述缺點(diǎn)，車場(chǎng)通過能力大，提升操作簡(jiǎn)單方便。但是，平車場(chǎng)需設(shè)置阻車器等輔助設(shè)備，故一般情況下甩車場(chǎng)多用于單鉤提升，平車場(chǎng)多用于雙鉤提升。在串車提升中，為在車場(chǎng)內(nèi)調(diào)車和組車方便，應(yīng)注意一次升降的礦車數(shù)盡可能與電機(jī)車一次牽引的礦車數(shù)成倍數(shù)關(guān)系。在斜井提升中以斜井串車提升應(yīng)用較多，特別是中、小型礦井應(yīng)用更為普遍，為此我經(jīng)過考慮應(yīng)選用斜井串車提升系統(tǒng)。二 斜井提升設(shè)備的選型

7、計(jì)算(一) 斜井提升設(shè)備選擇計(jì)算的原始資料1.礦井年產(chǎn)量An30萬噸（副井為矸石年提升量，最大班數(shù)下井人數(shù)，長(zhǎng)材料、設(shè)備等輔助提升量）；2.礦井服務(wù)年限；3.井筒斜長(zhǎng)450米；4.井筒傾角25度；5.礦井工作制度:年工作日數(shù)300天 每天工作20個(gè)小時(shí)；6.礦車形式:單個(gè)礦車自身質(zhì)量595千克,kg；單個(gè)礦車載貨量m11噸,kg；單個(gè)礦車的長(zhǎng)度2米,m；7.煤的松散容重；8.采用的提升方式:斜井串車單鉤甩車場(chǎng)提升系統(tǒng)；9.礦井電壓籌等級(jí):3000V 6000V；(二) 根據(jù)礦井年產(chǎn)量要求計(jì)算礦車數(shù)（1）1小時(shí)提升量 式中 C提升不均勻系數(shù)，有井底煤倉(cāng)時(shí)C=1.11.15，無井底煤倉(cāng)時(shí)C=1.2

8、；礦井有兩套提升設(shè)備時(shí)C=1.15，只有一套提升設(shè)備時(shí)C=1.25； 年工作日數(shù)； t日提升小時(shí)數(shù)； An礦井年產(chǎn)量，t/年； 提升能力富裕數(shù)，對(duì)于第一水平=1.2。無井底煤倉(cāng)c=1.2; =1.2;（2）一次提升量 式中T次提升循環(huán)時(shí)間，s。（3）一次提升礦車數(shù)； ； 取輛。式中 _裝載系數(shù)當(dāng)傾角為20°以下時(shí)，=1，當(dāng)傾角為了加強(qiáng)21°25°時(shí)，=0.950.9;當(dāng)傾角為25°30°_煤的松散密度；V礦車的有效容積，算出值為小數(shù)時(shí)，應(yīng)圓整為較大整數(shù)。(三) 根據(jù)礦車連接器強(qiáng)度計(jì)算礦車數(shù)礦車沒傾角為的軌道上提時(shí)，受到斜而產(chǎn)生的阻力，n輛礦車的

9、總阻力由最前面的礦車連接器來承擔(dān)，為保證連接器強(qiáng)度，所拉礦車數(shù)受到限制。礦車連接器強(qiáng)度一般容許承受拉力60KN,因此，礦車連接器強(qiáng)度容許的礦車數(shù)為=經(jīng)圓整滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求，可以按確定的礦車數(shù)為計(jì)算。式中 單個(gè)礦車的載貨量及其自身質(zhì)量，Kg； 礦車運(yùn)行摩擦阻力系數(shù)，礦車為滾動(dòng)軸承取0.02g重力加速度，10m/應(yīng)圓整為較小的整數(shù)。(四) 斜井提升鋼絲繩的選擇計(jì)算(1)計(jì)算鋼絲繩最大斜長(zhǎng)：阻車器至摘鉤點(diǎn)距離，取1.5n=。摘鉤點(diǎn)至井架中心的水平距離，取3。井口至阻車器的距離，取9m。井口處鋼絲繩牽引角，取9°。提升機(jī)滾筒中心至天輪中心水平距離，取16m。(2)每米鋼絲繩質(zhì)量為式中 鋼絲繩由A

10、 點(diǎn)至串車尾車在井下的停車點(diǎn)之間的斜長(zhǎng)，m；鋼絲繩沿托輥和底板移動(dòng)阻力系數(shù)，鋼絲繩全部支撐在鋼輥上時(shí)取0.150.20，局部支撐在托輥上是取0.250.4；鋼絲繩公稱抗拉強(qiáng)度，Pa;鋼絲繩安全系數(shù)，與豎井要求相同。直 徑/mm鋼絲總斷面積/參考重力N/100m 鋼絲繩公稱抗拉強(qiáng)度/MPa鋼絲繩鋼絲15501700鋼絲破斷拉力總和（不小于）/KN20.01.3151.241429.0234.0257.022.51.4175.401658.0271.5298.040.02.6605.05717,0937.51025.0(3)按下式驗(yàn)算鋼絲繩安全系數(shù)：式中所選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋼絲繩的鋼絲破斷拉力總和，N。7.0

11、7>6.5經(jīng)驗(yàn)算所選鋼絲繩在安全規(guī)程規(guī)定值的，是可以使用的。(五) 提升機(jī)選擇計(jì)算39193.56N2JK-2/20 滾筒直徑D=2.0m, 滾筒寬度B=1.0m 式中 L 提升斜長(zhǎng)，m； 井筒傾角，若與甩車道傾角相差較大時(shí)，應(yīng)按甩車道傾角計(jì)算。(六)驗(yàn)算滾筒寬度采用雙層纏繞，符合設(shè)計(jì)要求。(七)計(jì)算天輪直徑并選擇天輪三 根據(jù)煤礦安全規(guī)程規(guī)定，選擇天輪直徑(一) 對(duì)于地面天輪若鋼絲繩與天輪的圍包角大于90度時(shí)Dt80d80201600mm(二) 對(duì)于井下天輪若鋼絲繩與天輪的圍包角大于90度時(shí)Dt60d=6020=1200式中 Dt-天輪直徑，mm。選用固定天輪TSG1600/10(三)

12、預(yù)選提升電動(dòng)機(jī)(1) 估算電動(dòng)機(jī)功率： 式中 根據(jù)選擇的提升機(jī)，由提升機(jī)規(guī)格表查得的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提升速度，m/s。減速器傳動(dòng)效率，單級(jí)傳動(dòng)時(shí)0.92，雙級(jí)傳動(dòng)時(shí)0.85電動(dòng)機(jī)容量備用系數(shù)，1.11.2。(2) 估算電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速：式中 減速器的傳動(dòng)比。在選擇提升機(jī)時(shí)，根據(jù)所選擇的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提升速度，由提升機(jī)規(guī)格表中可查得相應(yīng)的傳到比。(3) 根據(jù)P,n及礦井電壓等級(jí)查電機(jī)規(guī)格表，預(yù)選出合適的電動(dòng)機(jī)。查表可選出電動(dòng)機(jī)型號(hào)為 JRQ-148-8型號(hào)的電動(dòng)機(jī)。(4) 確定提升機(jī)的實(shí)際最大提升速度式中 預(yù)選出的電動(dòng)機(jī)的額定轉(zhuǎn)速，r/mim。確定出提升機(jī)的最大提升速度斜井串車升降人員或升降物料時(shí)，專用人車的運(yùn)行速度不得

13、超過人車設(shè)計(jì)的最大允許速度。四 結(jié)果圖展示五 階段速度圖六 總結(jié)：本次的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，使我們對(duì)這幾年來所學(xué)部分課程進(jìn)行了全面的復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固，初步學(xué)會(huì)了如何選擇提升機(jī)系統(tǒng)，鍛煉了我們分析問題和解決問題的能力，為將來工作打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。在此次設(shè)計(jì)中，老師和同學(xué)們都給與了我很大的幫助，讓我對(duì)提升系統(tǒng)有了進(jìn)一步去的認(rèn)識(shí)和禮節(jié)，另外，單位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)也為我創(chuàng)造了設(shè)計(jì)的條件，在此，我衷心的感謝老師的精心指導(dǎo)以及單位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的關(guān)懷和支持。本次設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間緊，任務(wù)中，加上我的能力有限以及缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以缺點(diǎn)和錯(cuò)誤都在所難免，敬請(qǐng)各位老師和單位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)批評(píng)指導(dǎo)，借以提高我的設(shè)計(jì)能力，適應(yīng)礦井機(jī)械化的需要，使我在今后的工作中不斷的提高。最

14、后，我衷心的祝愿所有給予我?guī)椭睦蠋熀蛦挝活I(lǐng)導(dǎo)，祝他們?cè)谝院蟮蒙钪泄ぷ黜樌?，再?chuàng)輝煌！謝謝！參考文獻(xiàn)1.煤礦安全規(guī)程 中華人民共和國(guó)能源部制定 2001年版2礦山固定機(jī)械手冊(cè) 煤炭工業(yè)出版社 1986年版主編：周乃榮 嚴(yán)萬生3煤礦固定機(jī)械及運(yùn)輸設(shè)備 煤炭工業(yè)出版社 主編：牛樹仁 陳滋平4.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè) 遼寧科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社 1990年版 主編：蔡春源 蔣尊賢 李自治5.礦井提升設(shè)備 煤炭工業(yè)出版社 1980年版主編: 中國(guó)礦業(yè)學(xué)院 6.礦井多繩提升選型設(shè)計(jì) 煤炭工業(yè)出版社 1981年版 主編: 范家駿畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）答辯委員會(huì)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定書專業(yè)班級(jí)： 姓名：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）課題：經(jīng)

15、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）答辯，評(píng)定該同學(xué)的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）成績(jī)?yōu)?畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）答辯委員會(huì)主任： 副主任： 年 月 日畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）任務(wù)書根據(jù) 專業(yè)教學(xué)計(jì)劃安排， 同學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）任務(wù)如下：1、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）課題：2、原始資料：3、設(shè)計(jì)要求：4、設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間：自 月 日至 月 日指導(dǎo)教師： 系（部）主任： 年 月 日評(píng)閱人評(píng)語：成績(jī)： 評(píng)閱人： 年 月 日指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)語： 成績(jī)： 指導(dǎo)教師： 年 月 日 ag an employment tribunal clai Emloyment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and em

16、ployees. You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you don't agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more informu, take advice from one of the organisations listed

17、 under Further help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to a

18、n employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed under Further help. ation about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see Dismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven't appealed against the disciplinary a

19、ction your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal. Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event y

20、ou are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept i. If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay

21、 their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as a damages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can't charge you more than 35% of your compensation  if you win the case.you're clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get

22、advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau.  To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click on nearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, see Employment tribunals.The (lack of) air up

23、there Watch m Cay man Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifa's anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association's 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City's Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday."I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to

24、 meet Ya ya Toure," he told BBC Sport."For me it's about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was."Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the "racist behaviour of their fans" during City'

25、s 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European football's governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee's actions.CSKA said they were "surprised and disappointed" by Toure's complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: "We found no raci

26、st insults from fans of CSKA."Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very

27、 messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字開頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲?；蛟S是愧疚于自己似乎把轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的很多個(gè)不同的日子過成了同一天的樣子；或許是追溯過去，對(duì)自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念的醒悟，這些天以來，思緒一直很凌亂，在腦海中不斷糾纏?？傆X得自己似乎應(yīng)該去做點(diǎn)什么，或者寫點(diǎn)什么。二十年的

28、人生軌跡深深淺淺，突然就感覺到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而窮盡我們的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school

29、, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isn't really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think don't want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the

30、high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already can't remember his appearance.童年時(shí)，覺得壓歲錢和新衣服是過年必備

31、，但是隨著年齡的推進(jìn)，會(huì)越來越發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些東西根本就可有可無；初中時(shí)，以為要有一場(chǎng)暗戀才意味著真正的成長(zhǎng)，但三年過去后，自己心平氣和的寫同學(xué)錄的時(shí)候，突然就發(fā)現(xiàn)是不是真正的成長(zhǎng)了，好像并沒有那么重要了；然后到了高中，覺得非要吐露出自己的心聲才能為高中生涯里的懵懂情愫劃上一個(gè)句點(diǎn)，但畢業(yè)晚會(huì)的時(shí)候最終還是被梗塞在了咽喉，后來再次站在他曾經(jīng)揮汗如雨的球場(chǎng)，看著他投過籃球的球框時(shí)，突然間發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)想不起他的容顏。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely,

32、 have to do, and time.原來，這個(gè)世界上，對(duì)某個(gè)事件能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)的，除了非做不可的堅(jiān)決，還有，時(shí)間。A person's time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, final

33、ly found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，自己的想法總是特別地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明確，好像沒有什么可以撼動(dòng)自己。也曾經(jīng)好像已經(jīng)下定了決心去做某件事，但更多的時(shí)候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌惡過自己的怯懦，最終卻發(fā)現(xiàn)

34、有很多緣分，有很多錯(cuò)過，好像冥冥之中真的已經(jīng)注定。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可，只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強(qiáng)心劑，或者說，是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have d

35、eclared the end of the encounter that haven't start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是陰暗的，空氣里有著剛下過雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件藍(lán)格子襯衫；那些被折成各種各樣形狀的信紙；那段從街角深巷伊始的友誼；還有那場(chǎng)還沒有開始就宣告了終結(jié)的邂逅計(jì)劃那些年那些天的非做不可，終于和青春一樣，都將在我們的人生中謝幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Missio

36、n aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere)

37、where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),

38、e can expect a lot of turbulence. We often close ourselves off when traumatic events happen in our lives; instead of letting the world soften us, we let it drive us deeper into ourselves. We try to deflect the hurt and pain by pretending it doesnt exist, but although we can try this all we want, in

39、the end, we cant hide from ourselves. We need to learn to open our hearts to the potentials of life and let the world soften us.生活發(fā)生不幸時(shí)，我們常常會(huì)關(guān)上心門；世界不僅沒能慰藉我們，反倒使我們更加消沉。我們假裝一切仿佛都不曾發(fā)生，以此試圖忘卻傷痛，可就算隱藏得再好，最終也還是騙不了自己。既然如此，何不嘗試打開心門，擁抱生活中的各種可能，讓世界感化我們呢？Whenever we start to let our fears and seriousness get t

40、he best of us, we should take a step back and re-evaluate our behavior. The items listed below are six ways you can open your heart more fully and completely.當(dāng)恐懼與焦慮來襲時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該退后一步，重新反思自己的言行。下面六個(gè)方法有助于你更完滿透徹地敞開心扉。Whenever a painful situation arises in your life, try to embrace it instead of running away

41、or trying to mask the hurt. When the sadness strikes, take a deep breath and lean into it. When we run away from sadness thats unfolding in our lives, it gets stronger and more real. We take an emotion thats fleeting and make it a solid event, instead of something that passes through us.當(dāng)生活中出現(xiàn)痛苦的事情時(shí)

42、，別再逃跑或隱藏痛苦，試著擁抱它吧；當(dāng)悲傷來襲時(shí)，試著深呼吸，然后直面它。如果我們一味逃避生活中的悲傷，悲傷只會(huì)變得更強(qiáng)烈更真實(shí)悲傷原本只是稍縱即逝的情緒，我們卻固執(zhí)地耿耿于懷By utilizing our breath we soften our experiences. If we dam them up, our lives will stagnate, but when we keep them flowing, we allow more newness and greater experiences to blossom.深呼吸能減緩我們的感受。屏住呼吸，生活停滯；呼出呼吸，更多

43、新奇與經(jīng)歷又將拉開序幕。2. Embrace the uncomfortable We all know what that twinge of anxiety feels like. We know how fear feels in our bodies: the tension in our necks, the tightness in our stomachs, etc. We can practice leaning into these feelings of discomfort and let them show us where we need to go.我們都經(jīng)歷過焦灼

44、的煎熬感，也都感受過恐懼造成的生理反應(yīng)：脖子僵硬、胃酸翻騰。其實(shí)，我們有能力面對(duì)這些痛苦的感受，從中領(lǐng)悟到出路。The initial impulse is to run away to try and suppress these feelings by not acknowledging them. When we do this, we close ourselves off to the parts of our lives that we need to experience most. The next time you have this feeling of being tru

45、ly uncomfortable, do yourself a favor and lean into the feeling. Act in spite of the fear.我們的第一反應(yīng)總是逃避以為否認(rèn)不安情緒的存在就能萬事大吉，可這也恰好妨礙了我們經(jīng)歷最需要的生活體驗(yàn)。下次感到不安時(shí)，不管有多害怕，也請(qǐng)?jiān)囍赂颐鎸?duì)吧。3. Ask your heart what it wants傾聽內(nèi)心Were often confused at the next step to take, making pros and cons lists until our eyes bleed and our brains are sore. Instead of always taking this approach, what if we engaged a new part of ourselves that isnt usually involved in the decision making process?我們常對(duì)未來猶疑不定，反復(fù)考慮利弊直到身心俱疲。與其一味顧慮