非謂語動詞之現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語

1、 非謂語的三種形式非謂語的三種形式 1. 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 doing 2. 過去分詞過去分詞 done 3. 不定式不定式 to do I picked it up, _(find) that it was a canteen card.伴隨狀語伴隨狀語finding填空填空_(work) hard, youll surely succeed.現(xiàn)在分詞成分作條件狀語現(xiàn)在分詞成分作條件狀語If you work hardWorking2). _ (be) poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. (現(xiàn)在分詞成分作原因狀語現(xiàn)在分詞成分作原因狀語)Because he w

2、as poorBeing3). _ (walk) in the street, I saw a tailors shop.4). His father died, _ (leave) the family even worse off.時間狀語時間狀語When I was walking in the street.結果狀語結果狀語and this left the family even worse offWalkingleaving 5) Four people entered the room _ (look) around in a curious way. = Four people

3、 entered the room and looked around in a curious way. 6) He came running back to tell me the news. 伴隨狀語伴隨狀語方式狀語方式狀語looking可以表示時間可以表示時間, 原因原因, 結果結果, 條件條件, 行行為方式或伴隨動作等為方式或伴隨動作等。2.現(xiàn)在分詞的基本形式 主動形式 被動形式一般式 doing完成式being donehaving donehaving been done現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的幾種形式現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的幾種形式一般形式：一般形式：現(xiàn)在分詞的動作和謂語動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的動作和

4、謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生用：動作同時發(fā)生用：doing Hearing the sad news, she burst into tears.2. 完成式：完成式：當分詞的動作先于謂語動詞的動當分詞的動作先于謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生用分詞的完成式：作發(fā)生用分詞的完成式：having done Having finished the class, she went home.3. 被動式：被動式：being done Being criticised by the teacher, the boy hung his head.4. 完成被動式：完成被動式：having been done Having

5、been praised for his job, Tom worked harder. Not having been received the reply, he decided to write another one.注意注意：現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語必修與作狀語時，其邏輯主語必修與主句中主語一致。它們之間是主動關系。主句中主語一致。它們之間是主動關系。被動則用被動則用V-ed. 但是短語但是短語 generally speaking; judging from/by; compared with; supposing; to tell you the truth等是固定搭

6、配。不等是固定搭配。不受主語影響。受主語影響。 Judging from his face, he was very angry.2. 作狀語的作狀語的V-ing形式和句子之間通常有一形式和句子之間通常有一個逗號隔開，不能用并列連詞。個逗號隔開，不能用并列連詞。 Studying hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college. Studying hard, you will pass the entrance examination to college. Study hard, and you will pass th

7、e entrance examination to college.FTT3. 為了使為了使V-ing形式作狀語所表達的意形式作狀語所表達的意思更為明確。可在思更為明確?？稍赩-ing 前加適當?shù)那凹舆m當?shù)倪B詞（連詞（when ;while; if ; though; unless 等等） While waiting for the bus, he met Mary. 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pa

8、y. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeaking單句改錯單句改錯5. “Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6. Knocking at the door before entering, ple

9、ase.7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking可以表示時間可以表示時間, 原因原因, 結果結果, 條件條件, 行行為方式或伴隨動作等為方式或伴隨動作等。1).Using your head, youll find a good way. Working hard, youll surely succeed.條件狀語條件狀語If you use your headIf you work hard2). Being

10、poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. Not knowing her address, we cant get in touch with her.(原因原因)Because he was poorAs we dont know her address3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailors shop.4). His father died, leaving the family even worse off.時間時間When I was walking in the street.結果結果and this left t

11、he family even worse off I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _ Chinese in the school, most _ were from Germany. （2006年年 遼寧卷）遼寧卷）A. study; of whom B. study; of themC. studying; of them D. studying; of whom2. Dont sit there _ nothing. Come and help me with this table. （2006年年 湖北卷湖北卷 A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing3. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. (2007年