最新小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)必須要掌握的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、精品文檔小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)必須要掌握的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則1 . 一般情況下，直接力口 -s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2 .以 o.s. x. sh. ch 結(jié)尾，力口-es,如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以“輔音字母y"結(jié)尾，變 y為i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4 .以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es,如：knife-knivesleaf leaves5不規(guī)

2、則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomen child-children foot-feet tooth-teethfish-fish people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese練習(xí)、寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I _him _this her watch _child _photo _diary day_ foot_ book_ dress tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry peach_ sandwich _dish_busman_ w

3、oman_二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1 . 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如： I get up at six o clock every day. 我天天六點(diǎn)起床。表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。2 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成肯定句：a. be動(dòng)詞：（有一順口溜體現(xiàn)了它的用法：我用am，你用are , is 用于他，她，它 , 單數(shù)is ，復(fù)數(shù)are. 。）主語(yǔ) + be（am /is/are）+ 其他 如： I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。b.行為動(dòng)詞（

4、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞+其他除主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)外， 都用動(dòng)詞原形；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱時(shí)，則在行為動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -s或-es。 如： We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。She goes to work by bike. 她騎自行車去上班。 否定句：a.主語(yǔ) + be（am /is/are） +not + 其他 如：I am not a boy.b. 主語(yǔ) +don't/doesn't+ 行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他 如： We don t study English.She doesn't go to work by bike.一般疑問(wèn)句：a. Be（Am /Is

5、 /Are）+主語(yǔ)+其他？簡(jiǎn) 略 回 答 : （ 肯 ） Yes, 主 語(yǔ) + be（am /is/are）. （ 否 ） No, 主 語(yǔ) + be（am /is/are）+not.如：Are you a boy?你是一個(gè)男孩嗎？（肯）Yes,I am.（否）No, I m not.b. Do/Does+ 主語(yǔ) + 其他 ？簡(jiǎn)略回答：（肯）Yes,主語(yǔ) + do/does.（否）No,主語(yǔ) + don't/doesn't.如：Do you study English?（肯）Yes,we do.（否）No, we don 't. - Does shego to work

6、by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？如：a. be動(dòng)詞：Who are you?b.行為動(dòng)詞： What do you do? How does she go to work?3.動(dòng)詞三單的變化規(guī)則（即“如何從動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)”）一般情況下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks get-gets（2 以 o.s.x.sh.ch 結(jié)尾,直接力口-es , 如： wash-washes, watch-watches,go-goes以“輔音字母 y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：stu

7、dy-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練 :一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go _ stay _ make _look have_pass_ carrycomewatch_ plant_ fly _study_ brushdoteachwash二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One.3. We (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (like) t

8、he World Cup?6. What they often (do) on Saturdays?7. your parents(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I(take) a walk together every evening.10. There(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike(like) cooking.12. They(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt(look) after h

9、er baby carefully.14. You always(do) your homework well.15. I(be) ill. I ' m staying in bed.16. She(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE.18. The child often(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term.20. 一 What day(be) it today? It

10、9; s Saturday三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi) 的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：be+動(dòng)詞的ing現(xiàn)在分詞形式?？隙ň洌褐髡Z(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞ing+其他。如：We are studying.否定句:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞ing+其他。如：We aren t studying.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing+其他。如：Are you studying?肯定回答：Yes+主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞。如：Yes,we are.否定回答：No+主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+not。如：No,we aren 't.（注：is

11、 not可以縮寫成isn /tare not可以縮寫成aren't但是am not在 現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中不可以縮寫。）特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？如： What are you doing?現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則1 . 一般情況下，直接加 ing,如：cook-cooking think-thinking2 .以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞，去掉字母e,再加ing如： make-making have-having3 .以重讀閉音節(jié)（重讀閉音節(jié)即兩個(gè)輔音中間夾一個(gè)元音并且重讀的音節(jié)） 結(jié)尾，呈現(xiàn)“輔，元，輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 ing 如：stop-stopping sit-

12、sitting run-running4以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把ie改為y ,再加ing die-dying lie-lying現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim makego like write studyread have sing danceput see buy lovelive take come getstop sit begin shop二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：I.The boy（ draw）a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mothe

13、r ( cook )some nice food now.4. What you ( do ) now?5. Look . They ( have) an English lesson .6. They (not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls (dance )in the classroom .8. What is our granddaughter doing? She (listen ) to music.9. It s 5 o clock now. We (have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes

14、? Yes ,she is .四、一般將來(lái)時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或預(yù)備做某事。句 中 一 般 有 以 下 時(shí) 間 狀 語(yǔ) ： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句： a. 主語(yǔ) +shall/will+do+ 其他。 ( will 可用于所有人稱， shall 只用于第一人稱I 和 we) 如： I will go swimming tomorrow.b. 主語(yǔ) + be going to + do+ 其他。 (注意： be 動(dòng)詞要與主

15、語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)一致)如： I am going to go swimming tomorrow.否定句： a. 主語(yǔ) +shall/will+not+do (will not 可縮寫成 won t)b. 主語(yǔ) + be+ not+ going to +do 如： I won t go swimming tomorrow.I am not going to go swimming tomorrow.一般疑問(wèn)句： a. Shall/Will+ 主語(yǔ) + do+ 其他？ b. Be+ 主語(yǔ) +going to+do+ 其 他 ？ 如 ： Will you go swimming tomorrow? A

16、re you going to go swimming tomorrow ？特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +一般疑問(wèn)句？如： What will you go tomorrow?What are you going to do tomorrow?練習(xí)填空。1 . 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihave a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2 .我們將要學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)We learn English.We learn English.五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)1 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如：

17、yesterday ， yesterday morning ， yesterday afternoon ，yesterday evening ， the day before yesterday ( 前 天 ) ， last night ， last week ， last month ， last year 等。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2一般過(guò)去式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：Be 動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：am 和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?was。(was not=wasn ' t)are 在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?were。(were not=weren ' t)肯定句：主語(yǔ)+

18、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他。如：I was in Shanghai last month.上個(gè)月我在上海。 We went to Shanghai last month. 我們上個(gè)月去了上海。(2否定句：a主語(yǔ)+wasn' t/weren ' t+其他。如 : I wasn t in Shanghai last month.b. 主語(yǔ) didn t 動(dòng)詞原形其他。(did + not = didn't)如： We didn t go to Shanghai last month.一般疑問(wèn)句：a. Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+其他？如： Were you in Shanghai las

19、t month?b. Did 主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其他？如： Did you go to Shanghai last month?特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？如：Where were you last month?Where did you go last month?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形后面加 -ed; 如：looklooked play played start started visit visited2 .以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加-d;如：live lived use used3 .以“輔音字母+ y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y改為i，再加-ed；如：stud

20、y studied, try tried fly flied4以重讀閉音節(jié)(即輔音元音輔音)或r 音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，要先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母后，再加 -ed,如： stopstopped plan planned5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-w

21、rote, draw-drew, drink-drank,swim-swam, sit-sat練習(xí)一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式is/amplantare drinkplaygomake doesdanceworryask tasteeatput kickpassdo 練習(xí)二、用be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last ye

22、ar.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.練習(xí)三、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father (read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you (visit) your rela

23、tives last Spring Festival?5. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she (find) in the garden last morning? She (find) a beautiful butterfly.六、人稱代詞和物主代詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人主格Iweyouyoushe h

24、e itthey稱代賓格meusyouyouher him itthem詞物形容詞myouryouryourher his itstheir主 性代 名詞mineoursyoursyourshers his itstheirs詞人稱代詞指代人或物，在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，所以有主格和賓格。賓格代詞用于替代處于賓語(yǔ)位置上的名詞，可以用作直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)。如：I am a student. （I 主語(yǔ)） Please help me. （me 直接 賓語(yǔ)）Give me a book. （me 間接賓語(yǔ)）物主代詞是表示所有關(guān)系的一種代詞，亦稱所有格代詞。物主代詞有兩種形式：形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物

25、主代詞。形容詞性物主代詞為限定詞，放在名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)前作定語(yǔ)。如： This is my book.名詞性物主代詞起名詞的作用，后面不可以再接名詞。在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如 : Your pen is red. Mine is black.你的鋼筆是紅色的,我的是黑色的。He didn t use his ink. He used mine.他沒(méi)有用他自己的墨水，他用了我的。習(xí)題一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but isvery big. ( I )2. The dress is . Give i

26、t to . ( she )3. Is this watch? (you) No, it s not . ( I )4. is my brother. name is Jack. Look! Thosestamps are . ( he )二、用 am, is, are 填空1. I a boy. you a boy? No, I not.2. The girlJack's sister.3. The dog tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes a teacher.5. your brother in the classroom?6. Where

27、 your mother? She at home.7. How your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao at school.9. Whose dress this?10. Whose socks they?七、形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)(一)構(gòu)成規(guī)則1 一般單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以 -er， -ow 結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞 ， 比較級(jí)在后面加 -er， 最高級(jí)在后面加 -est(1)單音節(jié)詞 如：smallsmaller smallest shortshortershortest2 2) 雙音節(jié)詞 如：clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrowe

28、r - narrowest2以不發(fā)音e 結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞，比較在原級(jí)后加-r ，最高級(jí)在原級(jí)后加-st 如：largelarger largest nice nicernicest3 在重讀閉音節(jié) （即：輔音元音輔音） 中，先雙寫末尾的輔音字母，比較級(jí)加-er,最高級(jí)加-est; 如：big bigger biggest hot hotter - hottest fat fatterfattest4 .以“輔音字母+ y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞， 把y改為i,比較級(jí)加-er,最高 級(jí)力口-est 如：easyeasiereasiest heavy heavierheaviest busy - busie

29、r busiest happy happier happiest5 其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，比較級(jí)在前面加more ，最高級(jí)在前面加most 如 ： beautiful more beautiful most beautiful different - more different most different easily more easily most easily注意：（ 1 ）形容詞最高級(jí)前通常必須用定冠詞 the ，副詞最高級(jí)前可不用。 如： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（ 2 ） 形容詞 most 前面沒(méi)有the ，不表示最高級(jí)的含義，只表示"非常"。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.6 有少數(shù)形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是不規(guī)則的，必須熟記。如：good 一 better 一 best well 一 better 一 best bad 一 worse 一 worst ill 一 worseworst old older/elder oldest/eldest many/much more- most littlelessleast far further/far