定語(yǔ)從句整理

1、專題講座 定語(yǔ)從句 -Zhuangzi n./pron.+定語(yǔ)從句(從句修飾先行詞,先行詞必須在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分.)說(shuō)明:該名詞或代詞是主句中的一部分,在主句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或介詞短語(yǔ)中的名詞.常見句型: 主語(yǔ) +定語(yǔ)從句 + 謂語(yǔ)+ 賓語(yǔ)。 (先行詞) 主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)+ 賓語(yǔ)+ 定語(yǔ)從句 。 (先行詞)介詞短語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ) +賓語(yǔ)。 (介詞短語(yǔ)中的名詞為先行詞)1.定語(yǔ)從句的種類: 1 關(guān)系代詞: that which who whom whose 2 關(guān)系副詞: where when why 先行詞 3 介詞+關(guān)系代詞 : which whom whose +n.指 物 指

2、人指人或物4 關(guān)系代詞: as 2.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句: that（指人或物） 上述關(guān)系代詞必須 which（指物） 在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ) 名詞/代詞 who（指人，常作主語(yǔ)） 或賓語(yǔ)，因此從句 whom指人，常作賓語(yǔ)） 中必須空出相應(yīng)成 whose+名詞（指人或物，但后必須加上名詞） 成分的位置。切記：關(guān)系代詞所指代的就是該名詞或代詞。也就是說(shuō)，該名詞或代詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。另外，名詞或代詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞不能省略；而在從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可省略關(guān)系代詞（whose+名詞除外）3關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句： when （指時(shí)間） 用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明從句中缺 名詞/代詞 whe

3、re （指地點(diǎn)） 狀語(yǔ)（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因）。而關(guān)系副詞 why （指原因） 指的是某個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+名詞/代詞。 因此1、關(guān)系副詞均可用某個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+名詞/代詞來(lái)替換。 2、定語(yǔ)從句是用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)并不是由先行詞決定，而是有先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞謥?lái)決定。4介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句： which （指物） 介詞 whose +n. (指人或物) whom （指人） 說(shuō)明I、介詞+which 可能是關(guān)系副詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)。 II、因?yàn)閺木渲胁蝗敝髡Z(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，但先行詞則必須在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分，此時(shí)，可在關(guān)系代詞前加上某個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~（構(gòu)成介詞+關(guān)系代詞）或把介詞放在從句中（構(gòu)成關(guān)系代

4、詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。） III、若從句謂語(yǔ)為含有介詞的固定詞組時(shí)，介詞只能放在從句中，不能提前。5關(guān)系代詞as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句： the sameas 和一樣的 suchas 諸如一樣的 As we all know， as 正如，如同 As is known to us all， As we expected，或 ，as we remember。 注意：as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可放在主句之前。而which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。6 限制性定語(yǔ)從句：對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行限制和確定作用，如果去掉，主句的意義就會(huì)變得不明確。 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：與先行詞之間只有松散的關(guān)系，對(duì)先行詞起說(shuō)明

5、、描繪的作用。如果去掉，不影響主句的意義。書面上，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句前后用逗號(hào)與主句分開。定語(yǔ)從句的補(bǔ)充：1 be one of the +名詞的復(fù)數(shù)+which/who+謂語(yǔ)(復(fù)數(shù))+ be the (only) one of the +名詞的復(fù)數(shù)+which/who+謂語(yǔ)(單數(shù))+2. Is this factory +the one +定語(yǔ)從句? Is this the factory +定語(yǔ)從句?3. 當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中既缺主語(yǔ)又缺賓語(yǔ)時(shí),那么先行詞在從句中必須充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ),而在選項(xiàng)中填寫該句的主語(yǔ)(省略關(guān)系代詞)eg: Only those knows well can be let in. A

6、 who B whomC which D she4. the sameas 上下文指兩個(gè)不同的人或事物. 均為定語(yǔ)從句 the samethat 上下文指兩個(gè)相同的人或事物.5. suchas 定語(yǔ)從句 諸如之類的(從句中缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)) 關(guān)系代詞 suchthat 狀語(yǔ)從句 如此以致(從句中不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))連接詞6. 當(dāng)先行次詞為the way時(shí), 后接的定語(yǔ)從句可用in which, that, 來(lái)引導(dǎo).7. 關(guān)系代詞but 的用法: 當(dāng)主句為否定時(shí),but 可充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞(常做主語(yǔ)),表示“(沒有)不” but既可指人,又可指物.若后接從句為否定時(shí),從句用that或who 來(lái)引導(dǎo)

7、.eg：Hardly a man saw the film but was greatly moved by the spirit of the hero. There is no mother but loves her own children. There is no rule that hasnt any rules.8.介詞+which 除后接從句外,還可接不定式來(lái)做定語(yǔ).eg: 1.They wanted some wood . A. with which to make a fireB. to make a fire C. which to make a fire withD.

8、for making fire 2. One needs to acquire the appropriate manner in the negative when offered something. A. which to respondB. to which to respond C. in which to be respondedD. in which to respond 3.The professor can hardly find sufficiently grounds I could remember who last borrowed them. A. which to

9、 base onB. on which to base C. to base on whichD. which to be based on 定語(yǔ)從句典型習(xí)題1 This is one of the most interesting films _ shown last week. This is the very one of the most interesting films _ shown last week.A. which was B. that was C. which were D. that were 2 He has two sons, _ are college stud

10、ents. He has two sons, and _ are college students.A. both of which B. both of whomC. both of them D. both of it3. He still lives in the room _ window faces to the east. He still lives in the room, the window _ faces to the east. He still lives in the room _ is in the north of the city. He still live

11、s in the room _ there is a beautiful table.A. which B. whose C. where D. of which4. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. _ who leaves the room last ought to turn off thelights. _ who leave the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. Who C. Those D. Whoever5. _ we all know

12、, China is rich in natural resources. _ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources. _ is well-known, China is rich in natural resources.A. Which B. As C. It D. That6. Ill never forget the days _ we studied together. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.A. that B. / C. when D. A a

13、nd B7. This is the only way _ you can find. I dont like the way _ he spoke to his mother.A. that B. / C. in which D. A, B and C E. A and B 8. Galileo collected the facts _ proved the earth and all the other planets move around the sun. Galileo discovered the fact _ the earth and all the other planet

14、s move around the sun.A. that B. which C. / D. A and B9. Is this museum _ they visited last month? The teacher tells us that _ cleans the blackboard is to be praised.A. that B. the one C. which D. the one who 10. It was eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema. It was at elevenoclock _ theywent o

15、ut of the cinema.A. which B. that C. when D. on which1The man visited school yesterday is from London.A.who B. which C whom D. when2. Those want to go please sign their names here .A. whom B.which C. who D.when3. Do you know the reason Tom didnt come yesterday?A.which B. why C. who D.that4. Where is

16、 the man I met this morning?A. when B. where C. which D. who5. Who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there?A. who B. C. that D. when 6. The man talked to you just now is a worker .A. who B. when C. to whom D. which7. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to him B.

17、 whom the nurse is talking C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking 8. The man around our school is from America. A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed 9. He talked about a hero no one had ever heard. A. of whom B. from whom C. about that C. who10. Hav

18、e you read the book I lent to you? A. that B. whom C. when D. whose 11. Rice is the plant is grown in the south. A. what B. where C.which D. when 12. The novel we read last night was very interesting. A. when B. C. whom D. where13. This is the letter came last night. A. who B. which C. when D. what1

19、4. I ve lost the bicycle my mother bought for me . A. what B. when C. / D. whom 15. This is the school we visited three days ago.A. where B. C. when D. what16. All is needed is supply of oil. A. the thing B.which C. what D.that17. This is the girl father is an engineer. A.which B. her C. whose D.tha

20、t 18. I live in the house windows face south. A. which B. whose C. that D.where19. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone family was poor. A. of that B. whom C. whose D. of which20. The room Mr. White lives is not very large. A. that B. whice C. where D. in that 21. Dont forget the day you were re

21、ceived into the Youth League. A. when B. that C. on that D.where22. Last week I went to the party , I had a wonderful time . A. whice B. that C. at that D.where23. The girl, mother died a year ago , lives wit he father . A. which B, whose C. of which D. when 24. The old man had three sons , all of d

22、ied during World War II . A.which B.that C.whom D.who25. There are two thousand students in our school ,twenty are from English. A.of them B. among those C. in them D. of whom 26. He failed in the exam , proves that he wasnt working hard enough. A. which B.what C. it D. that27. Mount Blank, we visit

23、ed last summer, is the highest mountain in England .A.where B. what C. that D.which28. We should read such books will make us better and wiser .A. which B.as C. whose D. what29. You must show my wife the same respect you show me .A. as B. that C.who D. what30. He paid the boy10 for washing, most of

24、hadnt been cleaned at least a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which 31.Those_notonlylearnfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed. A.learn B.who C.that D.wholearn32.Anyone_thisopinionmayspeakout. A.thatagainsts B.thatagainst C.whoisagainst D.whoareagainst33.Mr.Herpinisoneoftheforeignexpertswho_inChina. A.works B.isworking C.areworking D.hasbeenworking34.Didn”tyouseetheman_? A.Inoddedjustnow B.whomInoddedjustnowC.Inoddedtohimjustnow D.Inoddedtojustnow35.Haveyouseenthegirl_? A.thatItold B.Itoldyouof C.whomItoldyou D.Itoldyouofhim36.