2021-2022學(xué)年牛津譯林版英語七年級下冊Unit4Grammar冠詞講義

1、冠詞的用法（7BU4Grammar）在英語中，一個名詞一般不單獨使用，其前面常加冠詞。冠詞分為兩種：不定冠詞和定冠詞。定冠詞的使用 定冠詞the用在名詞前，后面一般跟前文中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過的或說話雙方都知道的人或物，表示特指。如：the bookcase；the desk定冠詞的具體用法:(1) 特指雙方都明白的人或物. Take the medicine. 把藥吃了。 (2) 上文提到過的人或事. - He bought a house. 他買了幢房子。 - Ive been to the house. 我去過那幢房子。 (3) 指世界上獨一無二的事物. the sun, the sky, the

2、 moon, the earth (4) 與單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物或與形容詞或分詞連用，表示一類人. the dollar 美元 the fox 狐貍 the rich 富人 the living 生者(5) 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級，及形容詞等前面. - Where do you live? 你住在哪？ - I live on the second floor. 我住在二樓。 That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的東西。 (6) 用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國家名稱、機關(guān)團體、階級等專有名詞前. the Peop

3、les Republic of China 中華人民共和國 the United States 美國(7) 用在表示樂器的名詞前. She plays the piano. 她彈鋼琴。 (8) 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前，表示一家人. the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫婦)(9) 用在慣用語中. in the morning, in the end, . 不定冠詞a & an的使用 a & an均表示“ 一” 的含義，但不強調(diào)數(shù)的觀念，只說明此名詞第一次出現(xiàn)或泛指一個不特定的人或物。Ø a 一般出現(xiàn)在以輔音音素開頭的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式前。如：a pen; a “U”

4、-etc.Ø an 一般出現(xiàn)在以元音音素開頭的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式前。 如：an apple; an orange 注意：國名、人名、三餐、球類運動等名詞前通常不用冠詞a, an或the。 _ useful book_hour/honest boy_uncle/aunt/umbrella_ unhappy boy/unusual story _ US ship _ hourThere is _ u and _ s in the word “use”._ old bike_ tall tree_ orange coat_ big applehalf _ hour_English book_

5、 American boya “B/C/D/G/J/K/P/Q/T/U/V/W/Y/Z” an “A/E/F/H/I/L/M/N/O/R/S/X” 如：n There is _ “f” and _ “v” in the word “five”.n There is _ “l(fā)” and _ “m” in the word “seldom”.不用冠詞的情況1. 專有名詞/不可數(shù)名詞前.eg. China, Grade Two, Nanjing, listen to music, drink milk.2. 名詞前已有this, that, each/every, some, any或物主代詞.3.

6、 復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物.eg. My parents are teachers. I like cakes and bananas.4. 稱呼語或表示頭銜的名詞前.e.g. After lunch Aunt Lily came. Mr. Lee was very polite.5. 星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日前.e.g. on Monday, in January, in summer, Today is Fathers Day. 6. 三餐和球類運動名稱前.7. 一些固定短語中. e.g. by plane, go to school/work, after school, at midni

7、ght, at work.I. Choose the best answer.1. Mum, I want to buy _ new toy car. But _ old one is still running, isnt it? A. the; theB. the; a C. a; the D. a; an 2.We have _ breakfast at home every day. A. / B. a C. the D. An3. Look at the wall. There are some pictures _ it. A. in B. on C. to D. at4. We

8、can see a playground _ the two tall buildings. A. between B. among C. in5. Why are you standing, Alice? I can't see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me. A. behind B. next to C. between D. in front of6. Mrs. King put a coat _ the sleeping girl to keep her warm. A. over B. with

9、C. behind D. beside中考小練1. -Do you know _ boy over there? -Yes, he likes playing _ basketball very much. (2015呼和浩特) A. the; 不填 B. a; theC. a; 不填D. the; a2. -Do you like _ color of this coat? -Yes, I do. It looks nice. (2015郴州) A. a B. an C. theII. Complete the passage with a, an or the.Last year duri

10、ng summer, Tony took a flight on _ small airplane. _ people on _ airplane were from Beijing. They were going to visit their relatives in _ north of China for _ Spring Festival. _ airplane went through _ clouds up into _ sky. Tony could see _ lakes, cities and mountains. _ flight took _ hour. Afterwa

11、rds, Tony took _ photo of _ airplane. Even though it was only _ short flight, Tony says it was one of _ most interesting trips he has ever had.III. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions.1. Helen sits in front of me. I sit b_ her. 2. He lifted his hands a_ his head. 3. Dont write b_ the line (橫

12、線). You should write above it.4. There is a lamp hanging (懸掛) o_ my desk.5. Our school is o_ the left of Central Park.6. Dont wait o_. Come in. It is so cold.在需要的空格內(nèi)填入冠詞 a, an 或 the:1.Where are _ balls? Are they under _chair?2.-Who is that? -_ girl in _ hat? I dont know.3. I have _ apple. Its in my

13、bag. Can you see _ apple?4. This is _ bag._ bag is under _ desk.5. Look at _ map. Its _ map of _ China.6. Are they _ twins? Yes, they are.7. We are in _ same school. But John is _ American boy.8. We must be polite to _ old.9. _ moon goes around _ sun.10. Who is _ first one to come here?11. She goes to school by _ bike, but yesterday she went here in _ car.12. Its _ useful book. He is _ unhappy boy.13. _ Smiths are having supper at home now.14. _