2019高考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句(附答案)

1、2019 高考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句(附答案)I. 考點(diǎn)分析名詞性從句包括：主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句，多由連詞that， wh- 疑問(wèn)詞或由what, whatever等關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，其中同位語(yǔ)從句在高考考試中最常見(jiàn)。1. 主語(yǔ)從句1) 主語(yǔ)從句在句子中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。如：Why he refused to work with you is still mystery.Whoever comes is welcome.2)主語(yǔ)從句前的that不能省略，僅起連接作用，有時(shí)為了保持句子平衡，that從句后置，而由 it 作形式主語(yǔ)。如：That he bec

2、ame a lawyer may have been due to his mother s influence.It is not true that he has moved to New York.2. 賓語(yǔ)從句在句子中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，如：I don t know where the sound came from.Don t be satisfied with what youhave achieved.3. 當(dāng)從何放在系動(dòng)詞 be, look, remain, seem后即構(gòu)成表語(yǔ)從句。The trouble is that I have lost his address.It seeme

3、d that the night would never end.4. 1) 同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)與之同位的名詞中心詞作進(jìn)一步解釋?zhuān)芙用~性從句的常見(jiàn)名詞有:idea, fact, news, belief, hope, evidence, opinion, problem, truth, answer, proposal, theory, decision, discovery, problem, thought, understanding 等。The news that he has passed the examination is exciting.2) 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別在于：

4、定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞加以修飾、限制，而同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)說(shuō)明名詞中心詞的具體內(nèi)容；that 在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)成分，為關(guān)系代詞，而在同位語(yǔ)從句中不做任何成分,僅起連詞作用。如：The fact that we talked about is very important. (定語(yǔ)從句)The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody 位語(yǔ)從句)5. whether與if在名詞性從句中的用法區(qū)別if 一般只用于引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，而 whether可引導(dǎo)包括賓語(yǔ)從句在內(nèi)的其他名詞從句。1)連詞whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從何不能用

5、if來(lái)替換。Whether he will attend the meeting is uncertain.The question is whether he will come.2)賓語(yǔ)從句中，whether常與or not搭配，可以說(shuō) whether or not,而不說(shuō)if or not。I don t care whether or not she will attend the meeting.3) whether可用在介詞后，或帶to不定式前，if則不可。She doesn t know whether to get married now or wait.I haven t s

6、ettled the question of whether I ll go back home.4)某些動(dòng)詞后面(如discuss)R能用whether ,不用if。We discussed whether we should go on climbing.II. 練習(xí)：1. men have learned much from the behavior of animals is barely new.A) ThatB) Those C) What D) Whether2. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximate

7、ly from Marathon toAthens.A) distanceB) is the distance C) the distance D) the distance is3. By success I dont mean usually thought of when that word is used.A) what is B) that we C) as you D) all is4. The mere fact most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that itwill not occur

8、.A) what B) which C) thatD) why5. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders will happen to her private life.A) this B) it C) what D) that6. We agreed to accept they thought was the best tourist guide.A) whichever B) whoever C) whatever D) whomever7. There are signs restaurants are becoming

9、 more popular with families.A) that B) which C) in which D) whose8. The basic features of the communication process are identified in one question: Who says through what channel to whom?A) what B) whenC) how D) such9. The mother didn t know who for the broken glass.A) blamed B) to blame C) be blamed

10、 D) would blame10. How is it your roommate s requuersst anred iydoentical?A) if B) so C) what D) thatIII. 答案及詳解：1. A) 題意：人類(lèi)從動(dòng)物行為中學(xué)到很多東西這一點(diǎn)還很少為人所知。解析：句中that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。2. C) 題意：奧林匹克馬拉松賽跑為26 英里 385 碼，約為從馬拉松到雅典的距離。解析：名詞短語(yǔ) approximately the distance from Marathon to Athens用來(lái)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明 26 miles and 385 yards究竟有多

11、長(zhǎng)，在語(yǔ)法上叫做同位語(yǔ)。若選擇 B)或D)項(xiàng)，則前后兩句之間 應(yīng)有or或and之類(lèi)的連接詞。3. A) 題意：我所說(shuō)的“成功”一詞，并不是指我們使用它時(shí)通常所想到的東西。解析：主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞mean缺少賓語(yǔ)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞thought of缺少主語(yǔ)，因此， 劃線部分所需要的詞既引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，又在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，在這種情況下，應(yīng)使用 what連接句子。4. C) 題意：大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是瘋狂行為，但這一點(diǎn)并不意味著核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不會(huì)發(fā)生。解析：“the mere fact”與that引導(dǎo)的從何是同位語(yǔ)。從句中基本成分齊全，故不能使 用 which 構(gòu)成定語(yǔ)從句。C 正確。5. C) 題意： A

12、nne 對(duì)取得的成功感到高興，但是不知道她的私人生活會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。解析：全句是個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，由although引出的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中 wonder又帶 有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從何。根據(jù)主句的意思空格中應(yīng)填入表示疑問(wèn)意思的詞。C)what是答案。6. B) 題意：我們同意接受任何人，只要他們認(rèn)為是最好的導(dǎo)游。解析：賓語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處應(yīng)作accept的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)作was的主語(yǔ)，且表示人，所以應(yīng)選B 項(xiàng)。例如：Whoever is responsible for this will be punished. 對(duì)此事負(fù)有責(zé)任的人要受到處罰。D) whomever是whoever的賓格，相當(dāng)于an

13、yone whom,在句中只能作賓 語(yǔ)用。例如：You may invite whomever you like. 你喜歡的任何人都可以邀請(qǐng)。7. A) 題意：有跡象表明，飯店越來(lái)越受到家庭的青睞。解析：同位語(yǔ)從何。根據(jù)旬意，從何只是對(duì)“signs”做解釋說(shuō)明，并未對(duì)這個(gè)詞起限定修飾作用，也就是說(shuō)，“signs”在從句中并不作任何成分。由此，我們可以看出這里的從旬 應(yīng)該是同位語(yǔ)從句，而不是定語(yǔ)從句。所以選項(xiàng)A 位本題答案。8. A) 題意：交際過(guò)程的基本特征可以歸結(jié)為一個(gè)問(wèn)題：誰(shuí)說(shuō)了什么，通過(guò)何種途徑，對(duì)象是誰(shuí)？解析：特殊句式。本題空格處應(yīng)該做句子的賓語(yǔ)。how 是疑問(wèn)副詞，不能作say 的賓語(yǔ)；when表示“什么時(shí)候”，不合句意；such作代詞是指上下文中提到的事物，代入句中不合適。9. B)