Unit 1 現(xiàn)在完成時

1、Unit 1 現(xiàn)在完成式現(xiàn)在完成式的形式: Have/ has過去分詞P.P從過去的某一點持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在就是現(xiàn)在完成時。 過去時 現(xiàn)在時 將來時，未來時He was busy yesterday. He is busy now. He will be busy tomorrow. He studied yesterday. He studies very day. He is going to study tomorrow. 第三人稱單數(shù) 第三人稱單數(shù)He has been busy since yesterday. 他從昨天到現(xiàn)在一直很忙。He has studied for two day.

2、他讀書讀了兩天。For-持續(xù)現(xiàn)在完成時的否定及疑問句肯定句= 主詞+have/had+P.P.否定句= 主詞Have/ hasnotP.P 疑問句= Have /has主詞P.P ?例如肯定 He has heard a lot of Mr.Li. 他久仰李先生的大名。 Hear of 聽說 否定 He hasnt heard a lot of Mr.Li. 他沒有聽說過太多的李先生的事。 疑問 Has he heard a lot of Mr. Li. 他聽過很多關(guān)于李先生的事情嗎？ 答句:Yes, he has (heard a lot of Mr.

3、Li.)省略No, he hasnt.  現(xiàn)在完成時的使用時機: 1.持續(xù) 2.完成3.經(jīng)驗1. 持續(xù)畫時間線：I began to learn English three years ago. 我在三年前開始學(xué)英文。（過去時） 現(xiàn)在完成式：I have learned English for three years. 我學(xué)英文學(xué)三年了。 =I have learned English since three years ago. 我從三年前就開始學(xué)英文了。 表示持續(xù)的副詞1. for時間長度2. since時間起點+過去式時間 (Since 當(dāng)介詞連接過去式的時間)過去式

4、子句 (Since 當(dāng)連接詞可以連接一個子句)例如1. 我們彼此認識10年了。We have known each other for ten years.Since ten years ago. Since we were children.Since前是現(xiàn)在完成時，since 后是過去時2. 好久不見了。I havent seen you for long time.It has been a long time since I last saw you. =It is a long time since I saw you. Has been= isLong time no see yo

5、u. 3.其他副詞: all day全天; always一直; recently最近; this week這星期 例如1. I have had a headache all day long. 我頭痛了一天。Have 是助動詞4. How long (多久)他彈琴彈了多久了？兩個小時了。How long has he played the piano? For two hours.比較: How long 多久-時間/ How often 多久一次 次數(shù)，頻率例如1. How long have you lived in Taipei? 你住在臺北多久了。We have

6、lived in Taipei for 10 years / since 1994. 我們已經(jīng)住了10年了?；?從1994年我們就住在臺北。例如2. How often do you go to a beauty parlo.你多久去一次美容院？ 美容院回答 Once a week 一個星期一次。2. 完成時間線：alreadyHave/ has already +P.P.放在句尾justHave / has just P.P.yetHavent/ hasnt yet P.P.放在句尾Yet 出現(xiàn)在否定句和疑問句中4. 其他副詞: Today; this morning; lately; re

7、cently; now. 例如1. 往高雄的火車已經(jīng)到了。The train for Kaohsiung has already arrived.例如2. 我剛剛讀過那本漫畫書。I have just read comic book.例如3. 你找到我的數(shù)碼相機了嗎？Have you found my digital camera yet? No, I havent found it yet. / No, not yet 省略回答比較： just (剛才)=現(xiàn)在式，過去式 Just now =過去時；剛才 現(xiàn)在時；此刻現(xiàn)在 未來時；馬上例如1. Tom came in just now. he

8、's probably upstairs.他剛才進來了，或許他在樓上。2. He is just now answering the call. 他現(xiàn)在正在接電話3. Ill do it just now. 我馬上就要做。 3.經(jīng)驗 時間線：表經(jīng)驗的副詞1. every, never, often等2. once, twice, times, before 等例如1. 你曾參觀過故宮嗎？不，以前從來沒有過。Have you ever visited national palace museum? No, I have never visited there before. N

9、o, never have. No, never.Did you ever visit national palace museum? No. I never visited there before. No, never did. 例如2. 我的妹妹真的很喜歡那部電影，她已經(jīng)看了5次。 My young sister really likes that movie; she has watched it five times.例如3. 你空閑時回去參觀故宮嗎？Do you ever visit National palace museum in your free time?(表示

10、習(xí)慣ever 可以用在現(xiàn)在式)特別注意的現(xiàn)在完成時(1) 現(xiàn)在完成式及過去式例如：1. Mr. Green has gone to New York on business.他已經(jīng)去紐約出差了。（現(xiàn)在完成式，去了還沒有回來） 2. Mr. Green went to New York on business.他有去過紐約出差過。（過去式）(2 ) Have been to 及 have gone to Have been to ：曾經(jīng)去過某處 / 剛才去了 。 been 是be 動詞變來的Have/has gone to : 已經(jīng)去了（某處）只用第三人稱。 Mary has

11、 gone to USA with his family.例如1.我剛才去了車站替她送行. I have just been to the station to see her off.2.你曾經(jīng)去過圖書館嗎？ Have you ever been to library?3. She has gone to Europe. 她已經(jīng)去歐洲了。4. Did you ever go to a basketball game? 你曾經(jīng)去看過籃球比賽嗎？（一般過去時）5. Have you ever been to a basketball game? 你曾經(jīng)去看過籃球比賽嗎？（現(xiàn)在完成時） 

12、(2) 瞬間動作，用現(xiàn)在完成時 其后不可加一段時間 例如1. 他父親過逝十年了。 死Died 動詞不能持續(xù)；Dead形容詞表狀態(tài)可持續(xù)；pass away 去世 His father has died for ten years 這句話是不對的。× Kick the bucketHis father died ten years ago. 過去式 （去世的動作在10年前就發(fā)生了，死的這個動作在10年的某一天發(fā)生的）His father has been dead for ten years. 完成時持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。例如2. Amy已經(jīng)買車了. Amy has bought th

13、e car for one year. 這句話是不對的。×Amy has bought the car already. / Amy bought the car and has owned for one year. Amy買車已經(jīng)有一年了。例如3. 王先生去美國了 Mr. Wang has gone to America for three days .這句話是不對的。×Mr. Wang has gone to America. 王先生已經(jīng)去美國了。Mr. Wang has been in America for three days. 王先生已經(jīng)在美國3天了。 （been 表示存在的狀態(tài)）練習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時1. This month, I have been so lucky that I can hardly believe it .這個月我幸運的連我自己都不敢相信。2. At the beginning of the month. I got 90 points on my monthly exam.這個月一開始我的月考就得了90分。3. In the middle of the month. I won the second pl