現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題及答案(老師專用)

1、時(shí)態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)調(diào)的是該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。My daughter has just gone out.我女兒剛出去。I ' m sure we ' ve met be我肯定我們以前見(jiàn)過(guò)面。She has arrived.她至到了。2）表示開始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，女口rece ntly, already, just, lately, for,since ,ye等。如：I haven ' t heard from her

2、these da這些日子我沒(méi)有收到她的信。We haven ' t seen you recentiy最近我們沒(méi)有見(jiàn)至M爾。They have bee n away for two years.他們離開已經(jīng)兩年了。She has bee n with us since Mon day.3）.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可以用來(lái)表示過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間到現(xiàn)在這段時(shí)間內(nèi)重復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.We have had four texts this semester.6. have been to 和 have gone to的區(qū)另Uhave been to強(qiáng)調(diào) 去過(guò)”，現(xiàn)已不在那里，如：He has bee n to

3、the USA three times.他到美國(guó)去過(guò)三次。（過(guò)去到美國(guó)”，現(xiàn)在已不在美國(guó)”）have gone to主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是 去了”，現(xiàn)在人不在說(shuō)話的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，如：-Where's your mother?-你媽媽在哪？-She has gone to the hospital.她去醫(yī)院了。一結(jié)構(gòu)廠1肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他2否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他< 3般疑問(wèn)句：have/has主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他Yes,主語(yǔ) +have/has No ,主語(yǔ)+have/has+not14特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/ha

4、s+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他二 常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一起連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)注意:.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能單獨(dú)與準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間連用，（如表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）如 yesterday（m orning、 afternoon） ,last（m orning、 after noon）等，除非與for, si nee連用.1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如 already （肯定）,yet （否定，疑問(wèn)）,just, before, reeently, still, lately，Just, already, yet, ever, never, before, twiee（重復(fù)性時(shí)間），for+ 短時(shí)間，si

5、nee+ 點(diǎn)時(shí)間，so far, how long提問(wèn)的疑問(wèn)句中 He has already obta ined a scholarship.I have n't see n much of him reee ntly （lately）.We have see n that film before.Have they found the missing ehild yet ?2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如 ever, never, twiee, several times 等:Have you ever bee n to Beiji ngI have n ever

6、heard Bunny say anything aga inst her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman several times.3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用 , 如 up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present（now）, so far 等 :Peter has written six papers so far.Up to the prese

7、nt everything has been successful.三 當(dāng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與表示短時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必 須使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞則轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)應(yīng)的延 續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 若不是和短時(shí)間連用，則不用轉(zhuǎn)化。英語(yǔ)的行為動(dòng)詞有持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之分，使用中應(yīng)注意兩者的區(qū)別。1. 持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 : 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作可以持續(xù)一段時(shí)間或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。常見(jiàn)的 study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean , sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, sit, stand, lie, keep 等。2.

8、 瞬間性動(dòng)詞 : 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在一瞬間，非常短暫。亦稱終止性動(dòng)詞。 常見(jiàn)的 -begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off 等3. 瞬間性動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)中如要與表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，通常用意思相 當(dāng)?shù)某掷m(xù)性動(dòng)詞

9、來(lái)替換He has been in the army/a soldier for three years. （他參軍已有 3 年了。）不用 has joinedShe has been up for quite some time. （她起床已有好久了。）不用 has got up Has your brother been away from home for a long time? （離家已有好久了嗎？） 不用 has left常用瞬間動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞關(guān)系：1、go be away 2、come be here 3、come back be back4、leave beaway (be

10、 not here) 5、buy have6、borrowkeep 7、die bedead8、begin be on 9、finish be over10、open be open11、closebe closed12、losebe lost13、get to knowknow14、turn on be on 15、get upbe up 16、sit down sit/beseated17、join be in ()或 be a member18、become be4. 瞬間動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用例如：I haven ' t seen you for a lon

11、g tim(好久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到你了。)四區(qū)別下面三組詞'Have been to表示去過(guò)某地方，不過(guò)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)Have gone to 表示去了，還未回來(lái)Have been in 表示一直在某個(gè)地方五現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的事實(shí)， 不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。I have just bee n to London. I went there last mon th.我剛?cè)ミ^(guò)倫敦，是上個(gè)月去的。1. 過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)

12、在完 成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。2. 過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):yesterday, last week ago, in1980, in October, just now,具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)共同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):this morning, tonight, this April, now, once， before, already, recently, lately現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / un

13、til, up to now, in past years, always,六現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的反義疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu) l主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他，have/has+not+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他，have/has+主語(yǔ)七現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)例析一、考查其構(gòu)成"助動(dòng)詞have （has） +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞"構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：1. Kate's n ever see n Chin ese films? A. has n't she B. has she C. is n't she D. isshe析：陳述句部分含否定詞n

14、ever,簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate has 的縮寫，故選B。2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him.（改為否定句）His uncleposted the photos to him.析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中，故填 has n't, yet。3. -Ann has gone to Sha nghai. -Soher pare nts. A. has B. had C. did D.have析："so+助/系/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞形

15、式應(yīng)與前句結(jié)構(gòu)中動(dòng)詞形式保持 一致，又后句的主語(yǔ)為her parents是復(fù)數(shù)，故選D。二、考查其用法與標(biāo)志詞（一）當(dāng)句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等時(shí)，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -youyour homeworkyet?A. Do; finish B. Are; fini shi ngC. Did; finish D. Have; fini shed2. -youany where before? -Yes, but I can't remember

16、whereIA. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfedC. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed析：據(jù)yet和before可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故1題選D，2題選D。（二）當(dāng)句中有"for +段時(shí)間"或"sinee +點(diǎn)時(shí)間"等時(shí)，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，若是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，要改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表狀態(tài)的詞（短 語(yǔ)）。如：1. His brother has bee n to Stone Forest twicehe came

17、 to Yunnan.A. after B. before C. since D. for析：主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而從句用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選C。2. Tomthe CD player for two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had析：A、B、C均為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，在肯定句中不與表"段時(shí)間"的短語(yǔ)連用，故選 D。3. Ia letter from him since he left.A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't

18、 have D. haven't heard析：據(jù) since 可知，應(yīng)排除 A、 C， "hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb." 意為 "收到某人的來(lái)信 "，故選 B。三、考查 have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的區(qū)別。如：1. -Have you everLintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors? -Yes, I have.A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. be

19、en to析：據(jù)句中的have，排除A，B項(xiàng)意為"去某地了 "，C項(xiàng)意為"一直呆在某地"， D 項(xiàng)意為 "去過(guò)某地 "，符合題意，故選 D。2. My parents Shangdong for ten years.A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been析：本題句中有"fo葉段時(shí)間"結(jié)構(gòu)，據(jù)此可排除C，B項(xiàng)意為"去過(guò)某地"，不合 題意， D 項(xiàng)缺介詞，故選 A。四、考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與其他時(shí)態(tài)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。如：1. S

20、un's aunt has gone there for ten years.改成正確的句子)析：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與 "段時(shí)間 "連用時(shí)，除了把非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞改成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞外， 還可把動(dòng)詞改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)或借助句型"It's +段時(shí)間+since+從句"進(jìn)行句子轉(zhuǎn) 換。故答案為： Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went th

21、ere.2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改為同義句)more than ten years Susan to this city.析：據(jù)上題分析，且si nee引導(dǎo)的從句要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填I(lǐng)t is, since, came。3. I won't go to the concert because I my ticket.A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming 析：因我丟了票的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而且對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了我不能參加音樂(lè)會(huì)的結(jié) 果，符合現(xiàn)在

22、完成時(shí)所表示的含意，故選 C?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的練習(xí)（一）一、 單項(xiàng)選擇1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they what' s happened to him .A. knew B . have known C . must know D. will know2、 He has been to Shanghai, has he?A . alreadyB . neverC . everD . still3、Have you met Mr. Li ？A . justB . agoC .beforeD .a moment ago4、The famous wr

23、iter one new book in the past two year .A . is writingB .was writingC .wrote D .has written5、 Our country a lot so far . Yes. I hope it will be even A . has changed ; wellB . changed; goodC . has changed ; betterD . changed; better6、 Zhao Lan already in this school for two years .A.was; studyingB. w

24、ill; studyC.has; studiedD. are; studying7、We Xiao Lisince she was alittlegirl .A.knowB . had knownC.have knownD . knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I_it twice .A.will seeB .have seenC. sawD .see9、These farmers have been to the United StatesReally? When _ there?A.will they goB.did they goC.do t

25、hey goD.have they gone10、 you _your homework yet ?Yes. I _ it a moment ago.A.Did; do; finishedB.Have; done; finishedC.Have; done; have finishedD.will; do; finish11、His father _ the Party since1978A.joinedB .has joinedC . was inDhas been in12、一Do you know him well ?Sure We friends since ten years ago

26、 .A . wereB . have beenC . have become D . have mad 113、 How long have you here ?About two mon ths.A. beenB. goneC. comeD. Arrived14、 Hurry up! The play for ten minutes.A . has begunB . had begunC . has been onD . Began15、It ten years since he left the army .A. isB. hasC. willD. Was16、Miss Green isn

27、't in the office. sheto the library.A. has goneB. wentC .will goD. has been17、My parents Shandong for ten years.A. have been inB . have been toC . have gone toD. have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom,?A. so theyB. don' theyC. have they D. haven' they19 has Mr White been a m

28、ember of Greener China since he to Ch ina?A.How soon, comesB.How often, gotC.How long, cameD.How far, arrived20、 His unclefor more than 9 years.A.has come hereB.has started to workC.has lived thereD.has left the university二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1、He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）2、They have been here since 2000.（對(duì)劃線部分

29、提問(wèn)）have they bee n here?3、The old manlast year. He for a year. （die）（動(dòng)詞填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）This factoryfor twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Miss Gaoan hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years（.同義句）Her motherthe Party three years.7、The G

30、reen Family moved to France two years ago.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）two yearsthe Gree n family moved to Fran ce.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago扌把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè) 句子）漢譯英。1. 我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書。（just）2. 我以前從來(lái)沒(méi)去過(guò)那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。(n ever)3你已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了嗎？4. 我妹妹成為一個(gè)大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年5. 他們已去了美國(guó)五年了。 (for)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)(二)I. Fill in the blanks with the

31、proper form.I. 1already(see) the film. I(see) it last week.2. he(fin ish) his work today? Not yet.3. My fatherjust(come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Where ' s Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher' s office.5. I(work) here since I(move) here in 1999.6. So far I(make) quite a few frie nds he

32、re.7. How longthe Wangs(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. Ijust(fin ish) my homework.9. He(go) to school on foot every day.10. you(find) your scie nee book yet?II. If it(be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12. The stude nts(read) En glish whe n the teacher came in.13. Look! The mon key(climb) the tr

33、ee.14. My mother(come) to see me n ext Sun day.15. I've lost my pen.you(see) it any where?II. Choose the best answer.1. How long have youhere?A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. bee n2. My gran dpa died.A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. whe n I was 2.D. my age was 6.3. Jane hasto BeiJi ng. She will co

34、me back tomorrow.A. bee nB. goneC. wentD. n ever bee n4. It is ten yearsI last saw her.A. afterB. si neeC. forD. that5. -Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?-I will. Iher several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD.will meet6. -What a nice dress! How longyouit?-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB. did, b

35、uyC.are, hav ingD.have, had7.-Do you know Lydia very well?-Yes, She and Ifrie nds since we were very young.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have bee nD. have tur ned8. The Smithsin China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have bee nD.live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?-S

36、orry. Hethe Bainiao Park.A. has bee n toB. has gone toC. went toD.will go to10. -you everto the US?-Yes, twice.A. Have, goneB. Have, bee nC, Do, goD.were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.1.1 have been to Macau before.改為否定句）Ibee n to Macau before.2. He hasn ' mecto school because he was ill.就劃線部分

37、提問(wèn)）he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now. 用 just 改寫）Ijusta new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago改為同義句）WeEn glishthree years5. He has n ever surfed,?（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）6. They have bee n here si nee 2000.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） have they bee n here?7. The old manlast year. He hasfor a year. （die）動(dòng)詞填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Miss Gao hasan hour ago.IV . Ask the questions1）I have bee n there for two days.you?2）My