2011年廣東高考語(yǔ)法填空解題技巧(二)

1、2021/3/912011語(yǔ)法填空語(yǔ)法填空解題技巧（二）解題技巧（二）2021/3/921 1、閱讀、閱讀/ /理解理解語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)篇的能力的能力; ;2 2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力; ;3 3、熟練運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法的能力。、熟練運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法的能力。1. 語(yǔ)法填空題語(yǔ)法填空題能力要求能力要求2021/3/93 1 1、快速瀏覽全文，把握文章大意、快速瀏覽全文，把握文章大意和作者寫(xiě)作意圖，總體時(shí)態(tài)；和作者寫(xiě)作意圖，總體時(shí)態(tài)； 2 2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)-主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu); ; 3 3、根據(jù)上下文把握空格意思。、根據(jù)上下文把握空格意思。2. 語(yǔ)法填空題語(yǔ)法填空題解題步驟解題步驟2021/3/

2、94 3.語(yǔ)法填空題語(yǔ)法填空題空格設(shè)計(jì)空格設(shè)計(jì)純空格純空格介詞，連詞，代詞，冠詞，介詞，連詞，代詞，冠詞，從句引導(dǎo)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句引導(dǎo)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)組動(dòng)詞等強(qiáng)調(diào)組動(dòng)詞等有有提提示示詞詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或最高形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)級(jí)2021/3/95分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)上下文語(yǔ)境上下文語(yǔ)境謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞名詞，形容詞，副詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)有有提提示示詞詞2021/3/96技巧技巧1 1

3、 ：句中沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)，或者雖然已有句中沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)，或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但需填的詞與已存在謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但需填的詞與已存在謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)一致，且中間有并列或轉(zhuǎn)折連詞時(shí)，需填一致，且中間有并列或轉(zhuǎn)折連詞時(shí)，需填的詞則是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。時(shí)態(tài)考慮要瞻前顧后。的詞則是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。時(shí)態(tài)考慮要瞻前顧后。例例1. The first card _(design) by J.C.Horsley as a commercial endeavor. was designed 2021/3/97例例2. That was definitely not an attractimve idea so I politely declin

4、ed her invitation, _(close) my book and walked away. closed 例例3. All over the world, people move from place to place. More and more people_ (leave) towns and farms to move to cities. This movement (move) to cities is called urbanization. are leaving 2021/3/98例例4. Smaller cars are just one of the dir

5、ections that the car industry is taking. Also the industry _(produce) cars that pollute less and have a less harmful effect on the environment these days. is producing2021/3/99例例5. Nobody knows what _(happen) if she had refused to pay.would have happened例例6. His fear of failure kept him from classro

6、om games that other children _(play) with joyous abandon. played2021/3/910例例7. The happiest (happy) of people dont necessarily (necessary)have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that _(come) along their way. comes例例8. .The country life he was used to _ （change ）greatly sin

7、ce the opening policy.has changed2021/3/911 例例9. The international agreement, intended to encourage children not to smoke and _ (help) people kick the habit, _ (sign) on February 27 last summer.helpwas signed2021/3/912技巧技巧2 2 ：若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又不是并若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。若列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要確

8、定用是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要確定用 doing形式，形式，done形式，還是形式，還是 to do 形式。非謂語(yǔ)的形形式。非謂語(yǔ)的形式一定要考慮式一定要考慮它與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間它與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間 的關(guān)系。的關(guān)系。2021/3/913例例10. but it is not enough only _(memorize) rules from a grammar book.to memorize 例例11. _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrarySpeaking 注意注意 ：作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用

9、作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用doing / being done形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況；形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況； 用用to do / to be done形式表示具體情況或?qū)?lái)；形式表示具體情況或?qū)?lái)；用用having done / having been done表示已表示已發(fā)生。發(fā)生。2021/3/914例例12. _(complet) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day.To complete 例例14. Some people say that oldest children, who are smar

10、t and strong-willed, are very likely _(success.)to succeed 注意注意 ：作目的狀語(yǔ)或者在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一作目的狀語(yǔ)或者在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般用般用to do形式。形式。例例13. The young student did all that he could _ (pass)the examinations.to pass2021/3/915例例15. He saw the stone, _(say) to himself: “The night willl be very dark.”saying 注意注意 ：分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，原因狀語(yǔ)，條件

11、分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，原因狀語(yǔ)，條件狀語(yǔ)等時(shí)，要看它與邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系確定形狀語(yǔ)等時(shí)，要看它與邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系確定形式。式。2021/3/916例例16. There will be a meeting, _(start) later this year to review the film.learned 注意注意 ：分詞做后置定語(yǔ)也要看它與被修飾分詞做后置定語(yǔ)也要看它與被修飾詞之間的關(guān)系確定形式。詞之間的關(guān)系確定形式。starting 例例17. .Lessons_(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 2021

12、/3/917例例18. At 9:07pm, Sept.25, The Shenzhou VII spacecraft was lifted by the long March -F carrier rocket into space. The launch of the Shenzhou VII is Chinas third manned space venture since October 23, when it joined Russia and the United States as the only countries _(send) astronauts itno space

13、. 注意注意 ：名詞前有名詞前有 first, second,last, only修飾時(shí)，后面要用修飾時(shí)，后面要用to do / to have done 做后做后置定語(yǔ)。置定語(yǔ)。to have sent the only2021/3/918例例19. Mr. Green was disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _（repair） go wrong again.注意注意 ：固定結(jié)構(gòu)如：固定結(jié)構(gòu)如： have sth. done , see sth. done, the way to do 等。等。repaired例例20.

14、 Can you tell me the way you thought of _ (work )out the problem.to work2021/3/919技巧技巧2 2 ：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定在句中的成分。詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定在句中的成分。dangerous例例19. In a _(danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to 例例20. There must be something_ (serious) wrong with our society.seriously2021/3/920var

15、ieties例例21. . Zheng Shouying, a professor at the Ford Science and Technology College of Nanjing Agriculture University, believes Chinese should learn to pick the best milk from the _(vary) that fill store shelves.2021/3/921harder例例23. The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could. He jumped eve

16、n _(hard) and finally made himself out.unnecessary例例22. Your mistake caused a lot of _(necessity) work in the office.2021/3/922 Storms _produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along Nes Mexicos border with Texas on Friday, _(destroy)homes and other buildings and injuring at least 16 people, several cri

17、tically, authorities said. The _ (bad)damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said.Pasage Practice 1destroying whichworst 2021/3/923 The tornadoes damaged several _(new) built buildings, toppled(使使倒下倒下) power lines _ sparked fires that were later

18、extinguished in Clovis, police Lt. James Schoeffel said. Thirteen people from _area were hospitalized at the Plains Regional Medical Center. Pasage Practice 1and newlythe 2021/3/924 Five were in critical(危急危急的的)condition_ head trauma(外傷外傷, 損傷損傷), said Liz Crouch, the centers chief operating officer.

19、 In Logan, three people _ (take)to a hospital, _ others were treated at a local clinic. One of them was a visitor, saying he wouldnt have been there if he _ (watch)the weather forecast the day before.were takenwithwhilehad watched2021/3/925 Night after night, she came to tuck me in, even long after

20、my childhood years. _(follow) her longstanding custom, shed lean down and push my long hair out of the way, then kiss my forehead. I dont remember _ it first started annoying me-her hands pushing my hair that way. Finally, one night, I shouted out at her, “Dont do thatPasage Practice 2whenFollowing2

21、021/3/926anymore- your hands are too rough!” Shedidnt say _ in reply. But never again _ my mother close out my day _ that familiar expression of her love. Time after time, with the passing years, my _ (think ) returned to that night. By then I missed her goodnight kiss on my forehead. thoughtswithdi

22、danything2021/3/927Now those hands I once thought to be so rough were stilll doing things for me and my family. I frequently recalled the night my young voice complained. One night, catching Mons hand in hand, I blurted out how sorry I was for that night. I thought shed remember, _ I did. But Mom didnt know