大學(xué)英語全新版第三冊電子教案

1、大學(xué)英語(全新版)第三冊電子教案Unit Four THE WATERY PLACEI. Teaching objectivesStudents will be able to :1. understand the main idea ( to be found in Part I) and structure of the text ( narration in time sequence);2. appreciate the difference between formal speech and information speech;3. grasp the key language p

2、oints and grammatical structures in the text; 4. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking, and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.II. Text Summary The text tells of a stupid error which results in a discouraging thing that no extraterrestrials will ever land on the Earth. Th

3、e story begins with the introduction of he character of Bart Cameron, the Sheriff at Twin Gulch, Idacho, who is a quick-tempered and impatient person. On that special day, April 14, 1956, the author sees the flying saucer. But just because of the extraterrestrials too formal English and Barts too ba

4、d mood that day, Bart Cameron misunderstands the extraterrestrials once and time again . Finally , they fly back to Venus. Therefore we are never going to have visitors from space課文概述 文章講述了由于一個愚蠢的錯誤導(dǎo)致再無外星人光顧地球的故事。故事開始介紹了愛達(dá)荷州溫加爾奇的 治安官巴特·卡默倫的性格，他是一個脾氣暴躁，沒有耐心的人。在1956年4月14日那個特殊的 一天,作者親眼目睹了飛碟。但僅僅因為外

5、星人過于正式的英語和巴特那天過于糟糕的心情，使得巴特·卡默倫對外星人一而再、再而三地誤解。最終外星人飛回了金星。正因為此，再也沒有來自外星的訪問者。III. Cultural Notes1. Isaac Asimov (1920-1992) : Russian-born American writer and scientist . He was a distinguished biochemist, but is more widely known as the author of many works of science fiction, books on science fo

6、r non-scientists, and essays on a wide variety of subjects. Among his best-known science fiction are I, Robot(1950) and the Foundation trilogy(1951-1953). Building on Karel Capeks concept of the robot, in 1941 Asimov coined the term robotics.2. Venus: the second major planet in order of distance fro

7、m the Sun. Also known as Hesperus, The evening star(黃昏星), or Phosphorus, the morning star(啟明星), Venus can be the brightest object in the sky after the Sun and Moon and follows a near-circular path some 106 million kilometers from the Sun, taking 225 days to complete one orbit.金星也叫常庚星或昏星，也有人叫它啟明星或晨星。

8、金星是太空中除太陽和月亮以外最亮的 星體，沿著離太陽約一億六百萬公里的橢圓軌道運行，運行一周約需225天。 金星表面的平均溫度約475oC，其中約95的 大氣是二氧化碳。金星上幾乎沒有氧氣。這使得金星上幾乎不可能有我們所知的生命。 除金星和地球外，太陽還有七個行星，它們是：水星（the Mercury），火星（the Mars），木星（the Jupiter），土星（the Saturn），天王星（the Uranus），海王星（the Neptune 和冥王星（the Pluto） 。3. extraterrestrial life: life-forms that may have evo

9、lved on other planets. There is no hard evidence at present that life exists other than on the Earth. Most UFOs have been satisfactorily explained as being natural or man-made, and the Viking missions to Mars were inconclusive in testing for the existence of life on that planet. Nevertheless, search

10、es have been and are being made for signs that life has arisen in other parts of the universe. Certain knowledge either that life is confined to planet Earth or has been found elsewhere would have the profoundest philosophical implications for mankind. Factors contributing to any assessment of the p

11、robability that life exists elsewhere must include the size, age, and structure of the universe, and the conditions under which life as we know it can originate and evolve. Other factors of relevance in the search for extraterrestrial life include an assessment of the probability that intelligence l

12、eading to scientific and technological civilizations similar to our own may arise.4. space exploration: In 1903 the Russian physicist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was developing ideas for space rockets fuelled by liquefied gas and by 1926 Robert Goddard in the USA had successfully designed the first liqui

13、d fuelled rocket. There followed considerable German research into rockets, culminating in the launch of the V-2 rocket in 1944. In 1957 the Soviet Union surprised the USA by putting the first artificial satellite , Sputnik I, in orbit. This was followed by the US Explore I in 1958. Yuri Gagarin was

14、 the first man in space in 1961, followed by John Glenn in 1962. In 1961 President Kennedy proposed the Apollo programme to achieve a manned lunar landing by 1970, and in 1969 Neil Armstrong and Edwin(“Buzz”) Aldrin landed on the moon. The Soviet Union concentrated on unmanned flights, Luna IX achie

15、ving a soft landing on the moon in 1966.In the early 1970s space stations were launched by both the USA and the Soviet Union, and in 1975 an Apollo capsule linked up with a Soviet Soyuz capsule. Unmanned flights have been made to Venus and Mars, while the US probe, Voyager 2, launched in 1977, reach

16、ed Neptune in 1989. In 1981 the USA launched a space shuttle , the first reusable space craft, but its commercial and scientific programme was interrupted for two years by the explosion of the shuttle, Challenger, on life-off in 1986. In 1986 the giant Soviet modular space station, Mir, was launched

17、 with astronauts being ferried to the station by Soyuz spacecraft, followed in 1987 by the placing in space of the powerful Energiya station. In 1987, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Romanenko set a space endurance record of 326 days in orbit. The Hubble space telescope,which can produce images of other solar

18、 systems, was launched from US shuttle in 1990. Its faulty mirror limited observations until it was repaired by astronauts in the space shuttle Endeavor in 1993. An international space station , Freedom, conceived by the USA in1984, became operational in the 1990s. Space technology has resulted in n

19、umerous applications , and telecommunication satellites have greatly improved global communications; while meteorological satellites provide advance weather information, and reconnaissance satellites register the earths resources and military information.Our knowledge of the Sun, planets, natural sa

20、tellites , and comets in the solar system, as well as the interplanetary medium, has been greatly advanced in recent years by the Mariner, Venera, Pioneer, and Voyager series of spacecraft. More recently, space exploration is being extended by the launching of artificial satellites into Earth orbit

21、carrying advanced technological packages to further our astronomical knowledge of the wider universe.5. the Congress: The Congress is one of the three branches of the US federal government , the legislative branch. Congress has two houses, the Senate and the House of Representatives . The main job o

22、f Congress is making laws. Before a new law can be made , both houses have to pass it, and it must then have the approval of the President . In a system of government based on a series of checks and balances, the two houses of congress act as a check on each other, as well as together forming a chec

23、k on the powers of the executive branch, especially the President.6. the Supreme Court: The judicial branch is one of the three branches of US federal government and operates the system of law courts. The Supreme Court in Washington, D.C. is the highest court in the US, and is very powerful . It has

24、 nice judges, called justices. Traditionally , they are called the mine old men ,although there has been one woman justice. The head of the court has the title of Chief Justice of the United States. Justices are by the President, although the Senate must give its approval to the choice. There has be

25、en only one African-American justice.7. income tax: a tax paid according to a persons level of income, with people on higher incomes paying higher rates of tax. It is used by the government to help pay for things like health care and education. It is collected in Britain by Inland Revenue and in the

26、 US by the Internal Revenue Service.IV. Language Study1. Im not being a pessimist. 我不是故意要顯得悲觀。在系表結(jié)果中，通常不用進(jìn)行時態(tài)的形容詞或名詞出現(xiàn)進(jìn)行時態(tài)中，常表示“暫時的”，“假裝的”，“故意的”e.g.He is being slow. 他故意慢吞吞的。David is a smart guy，but he is being stupid.大衛(wèi)是個聰明人,但他假裝糊涂.2. on account of: (fml) because of e.g. The house isnt really suita

27、ble for an old person on account of all those stairs.The president declined to deliver the speech himself on account of a sore throat.Shes angry on account of what you said over lunch about her husband.3. deputy: the second most important person in a particular organization副職,副手 e.g. A deputy was ap

28、pointed in case the manager became ill.Shes deputy head of a large North London school.4. work up: spend time and effort preparing; produce or develop gradually 準(zhǔn)備;整理; 逐步發(fā)展 e.g. The head of the department asked me to work up some sample compositions and give them to the students. Lets go for a walk

29、to work up an appetite . (to make ourselves hungry) We hope to work up the data weve collected into a series reports. 我們希望把收集到的數(shù)據(jù)整理成一個系列的報告. With the wind behind us we managed to work up some speed. 由于順風(fēng),我們逐漸加快了速度.5. pension: an amount of money paid regular to someone who can no longer earn(enough)

30、money by working 退職金; 養(yǎng)老金; 撫恤金 e.g. The employees in many companies put aside money for their retirement pensions. When added to Social Security payments, pensions enable many retired Americans to live comfortably. 靠養(yǎng)老金加上社會保險金,許多美國的老人生活舒適.6. disable: make ( a person) unable to use his /her body prop

31、erly 殘廢，殘疾 e.g. In that country , the poor and disabled are left to starve on city streets.There are few facilities for the disabled in some cities .Peter became disabled in World War II.These guns will destroy or disable may incoming missile.這些炮能摧毀或破壞任何襲來的導(dǎo)彈。7. veteran: person with much or long exp

32、erience , esp. as a soldier退伍軍人;富有經(jīng)驗的人 e.g. By 1955 more than 2 million veterans of World War II had used the government financial aid to go to college. Veterans Day was originally established to honor Americans who had served in World War I. Hes a 20-year veteran of the New York Police Department.

33、他在警察局干了20年,經(jīng)驗豐富.8. complicated: difficult to understand or deal with e.g. The new computer is too complicated even for a skilled operator to handle. The situation if Afghanistan is so complicated that many people are uncertain what will happen next.9. By April 14, he isnt approachable.: He is so bus

34、y by April 14 that he will not have anything to do with anybody. April 15 is the deadline for tax forms to be mailed . On April 14 some people stay up late trying to finish all the tax forms.在美國, 每年的4月15日是報稅的截止日期. 截止期臨近時, 很多人都異常忙碌,填寫復(fù)雜的報稅單. 4月14日這天,郵局也會延長營業(yè)時間,讓大家趕在24點之前寄出報稅單.10. knock off: (infml) s

35、top working, usu. at the end of a day下班 e.g. If I get this paper done Ill knock off early today.When do you usually knock off for supper?The office workers knock off for the afternoon at 5:00 p.m.比較: knock out 擊昏;睡著e.g. His fall from the ladder knocked him out.他從椅子上掉下來,失去了知覺.The sleeping tablets kno

36、cked him out for 18 hours.那些安眠藥讓他昏睡了18個小時.11. hit the sack :( infml) go to bed 睡覺 e.g. Time to hit the sack; lights out! 該睡覺了,關(guān)燈!Louise was so tired that he hit the sack soon after supper.12.curse seal steady: Here real steady means “ constantly” curse: swear; utter offensive words in anger or annoy

37、ance; 詛咒, 咒罵 e.g. I hit my finger with the hammer and cursed silently to myself.They were waiting impatiently for the bus at the bus station, cursing the delay.He cursed violently when he broke the glass bowl.With a curse, she picked the papers up out of the puddle.她罵了一聲,從水坑里揀起文件.12. go over: examin

38、e the details of ; check; study carefully仔細(xì)檢查; 核對 e.g. Go over the textbook before you take the examination.The guards go over every passenger at the airport to prevent possible terrorist attacks.I always go over my revision notes just before I go into an exam.13. column: n.1) one of several vertica

39、l blocks of print 列; 欄 e.g. Add the column of figures and divide the sum by three.將這一欄的數(shù)字加起來,除以3. 2)專欄I didnt have time to read the whole paper - just the first column. 3)(圓)柱The roof of the temple was held up by a row of thick stone column.那座寺廟的頂是由一排粗大的石柱支撐起來的.14. rocket: a tube like device contain

40、ing material that burns rapidlyu and propels the tube through the air e.g. The Shenzhou III spacecraft and its Long March carrier rocket are undergoing final preparations on the pad at the Jiuquan Launch Centre in Gansu Province. American Robert H.Goddard was one of the first scientists to experimen

41、t with rocket propulsion systems.15. bug: cause ( eyes) to stick out : annoy sb. e.g. His eyes bugged with horror.The naughty kid from next door put a frog in my mailbox , which really bugged me.Dont bug me with petty details.16. They had on black shoes and black hats.: They wore black shoes and bla

42、ck hats.have sth. on.: be wearing sth. e.g. Our teacher has got a tie on today.He has a new T-shirt on.17. alike: similar ; in the same manner( a., ad.) e.g. Teachers are required to treat all their students alike.She and her cousin look very alike.18. observation: the act of watching attentively e.

43、g. Observation plays an essential part in the traditional Chinese medical practitioners diagnoses. The woman didnt have any major injury but was kept in hospital under observation.19.all by itself: separately, with a pause between each word20.locality: a particular place ; the position of sth. e.g.

44、People living in this locality complain of traffic noises disturbing them at night. Having lived in California for about ten years, they moved to another locality.21.isolate: set apart; cut off from others 使隔離; 使孤立 e.g. When Im angry , I find it best to isolate myself from other people for a little

45、while. In the early decades of its history, the United States was relatively isolated from Europe and other parts of the world. It would certainly be unnatural for someone to totally isolate themselves. The police tried to isolate the protesters in a side street.22.adopt: v. take over and use as one

46、s own 采用 e.g. The new tax would force companies to adopt energy-saving measures. 這項新的稅收將迫使各個公司采取節(jié)能措施. Some immigrants discarded their old customs and adopted American ways. Several private international organizations have adopted standards for consumer protection in electronic commerce. In Red Cross

47、 has adopted a lot of homeless children in Afghanistan.比較: foster: v. 養(yǎng)育;撫育; 收養(yǎng) Would you consider fostering a child? 你會不會考慮臨時領(lǐng)一個孩子來養(yǎng)?23.mode: a manner , way or method of doing e.g. Youll have to change your mode of life once you have a baby. Railways are the most important mode of transport for the

48、 economy.24.appearance: the way that sb./sth./ looks; an act of coming into sight e.g. Womens magazines were full of ideas on how to make the best of ones appearance. The manager gave every appearance of being a very dedicated employee. The singer made her first appearance in Vienna.25.You could see

49、 the light break in on Cameron: You could notice Cameron was beginning to understand what they said.26.Cameron didnt go much for foreigners, but generally he tried to be fair.: Although Cameron didnt like foreigners very much, he would try to be fair to them. go for: be attracted by ; like or prefer

50、 對有好感; 喜歡 e.g. I dont go for war films in a big way. 我不是特別喜歡戰(zhàn)爭片. What sort of men do you go for?27.blink: shut and open the eyes quickly; flash on and off眨眼; 閃爍 e.g. Staring for hours at a computer screen dried out the eyes as people blink less. We could see lights blinking on the ships out in the b

51、ay. Actors in films have to teach themselves not to blink very often. 演員必須明白:演戲是不能經(jīng)常眨眼睛.28.regardless of : without worrying about or taking account of e.g. Medicare , another form of federal health insurance, pays a large part of the medical bills for the disabled , regardless of age. Each state has

52、 two senators, regardless of population. I want to buy those shoes regardless of what they cost. The plan for a new office tower went ahead regardless of local opposition. 他們不顧當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦姆磳?繼續(xù)實行建造辦公大樓的計劃.29.nationality: the state of belonging to a particular nation; people who belong to a nation e.g. Her

53、father is an American. Her mother is an Italian. What nationality is she? Many different nationalities went to the US.30. at ones service: willing to help sb. 愿意為某人效勞 e.g. If you need any help, Im at your service. “Would you fetch me my glasses from the kitchen, Rose?” “ At your service, madam.”31.a

54、rrangement: plan; preparation ( usu.pl, followed by about /for)e.g. The company tried to make flexible work arrangements so that it would make the best of all its employees. The president doesnt want any special arrangements for her visit. The personnel department only called me, but made no arrange

55、ments to see anization: a group of persons grouped together or organized for some purpose or work e.g. The European Union, the biggest US trade partner, prepared a protest to the World Trade Organization(WTO) the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) the World Health

56、Organization(WHO) the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)33.but I couldnt as much as fall down if someone had pushed the chair out from under me.: but I was so scared that I couldnt do anything , couldnt even fall down if someone took my chair away. All I could do was sit and stare.34.supreme:

57、 greatest in power, rank or degree e.g. The Supreme Court meets in Washington D. C., and the other federal courts are located in cities throughout the United States. They argued that the Security Council was the Supreme authority and the General Assembly had in fact no right to authorize peacekeepin

58、g activities. 35.And Cameron really went to pieces. : Cameron was really so upset that he lost control of himself. go to piece: If you go to pieces , you are so upset or nervous that you lose control of yourself and cannot do what you should do. e.g. Anne is a strong woman , but she nearly went to pieces