考研英語真題學(xué)習(xí)考研英語長難句300句(9)

1、2005 Part A Text 314. A cen tury ago,Freud formulated his revoluti onary theory that dreamswere the disguised shadows of our uncon scious desires and fears; by the late1970s,neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just“mental noise " the ran dom byproducts of the n euralrepair work tha

2、t goes on duri ng sleep.【譯文】 一個(gè)世紀(jì)前，弗洛伊德完成了其革命性的理論，認(rèn)為夢(mèng)掩飾我們潛意識(shí)中的 欲望和恐懼；到了 20世紀(jì)70年代末期，神經(jīng)病學(xué)家們轉(zhuǎn)而認(rèn)為夢(mèng)只是“精神噪音”，即夢(mèng) 是睡眠時(shí)神經(jīng)修復(fù)工作的一種隨機(jī)副產(chǎn)品?！疚鼍洹勘揪湟苑痔?hào)分為兩部分，前一部分的主干是Freud formulated hisrevolutionary theory，賓語theory 后接一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，說明theory 的內(nèi)容；在第二部分中，代詞 them指代dreams，破折號(hào)后面的部分進(jìn)一步解釋什么是mentalnoise, 而定語從句 that goes on d

3、uring sleep 修飾 work?！局v詞】formulate在這里表示“制定，規(guī)劃”，同義詞有：device,make,frame,invent等。formulate 較正式，使用時(shí)要注意場(chǎng)合。disguise 與 hide 近義。The child could hardly disguise his interest in thebook.（小孩難以掩飾對(duì)那本書的興趣。）但是 disguise 強(qiáng)調(diào)“掩蓋，偽裝”：abless ing in disguise（假意的祝福）。His repeated referen ces to his dan geroushobbies were on

4、ly a disguise to cover up his in security.（他不時(shí)提起他喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的嗜好，充其量只是為了掩飾他的不安全感。）random的一個(gè)流行的用法是表示“隨機(jī)”：random selection（隨機(jī)選擇）。15. Now researchers s uspect that dreams are part of the mind' s emoti onalthermostat,regulating moods while the brain is“ off line ” .【譯文】目前，研究人員猜測(cè)夢(mèng)是大腦情感自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的組成部分，當(dāng)大腦處于“掉線”狀態(tài)

5、時(shí)對(duì)情緒進(jìn)行調(diào)整?！疚鼍洹縮uspect后面是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。逗號(hào)之后的現(xiàn)在分詞短語regulating moods,作定語，解釋 thermostat 的意思，句末的 while引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從 句?！局v詞】suspect意為“懷疑，不信任”，也可表示“猜想，認(rèn)為”?！皯岩赡橙擞小弊铩睉?yīng)表達(dá)為 suspect sb.of, 。They suspect him of giving false evidence.(他們懷疑他提供偽證。)regulate 表示 “調(diào)節(jié)，管制”： regulate the temperature of the room(調(diào)節(jié)房間的溫度)。 When the

6、 band came to town,the police had a hard time regulating the traffic.(樂隊(duì)到了這個(gè)城市以后，警察為了管制交通著實(shí)忙乎了一陣。)off line是計(jì)算機(jī)用語，意為“不在線，掉線”，其反義詞是 online(online)，意為“在線”。16. And one leadi ng authority says that these inten sely powerful men tal events can be not only harn essed but actually brought un der con scious

7、con trol, to help us sleep and feel better.【譯文】一名主要的權(quán)威人士說，這些異常強(qiáng)烈的精神活動(dòng)不僅能被控制，而且事實(shí)上可以有意識(shí)地加以調(diào)節(jié)，以幫助我們睡得更好，感覺更好?！疚鼍洹縮ay后面是that引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)賓語從句，而從句的主語成分( theseinten sely powerful men tal eve nts) 跟了兩個(gè)并列的謂語成分，一個(gè)是 can be not onlyharnessed，一個(gè)是 but(can be) brought under conscious control，后面的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)to help us sleep and

8、 feel better作目的狀語?！局v詞】authority如果是單數(shù)，通常表示"權(quán)威”。He is a no ted authority onurba n con structio n.（他是城市建設(shè)方面的著名權(quán)威人士。）如果 authority 用作復(fù)數(shù)，通常表示"權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu)”， 與government和regime的意思差不多，但是需要注意這三個(gè)詞的 差別。harness有"利用”的意思，在這一方面與 make use of ，tap和capitalize的意思差不多。harness 可以表示“控制”。If you can harness your ener

9、gy,you willaccomplish a great deal.（如果你能控制你的精力，你將獲得巨大成功。）17. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the ni ght,progress ing toward happier ones before awake nin g,suggesti ng that they arework ing through n egative feeli ngs gen erated duri ng the day.【譯文】多數(shù)人似乎在入睡初期做更多不好的夢(mèng)，而在快睡醒前會(huì)逐漸做開心一些的

10、夢(mèng)，這說明人們會(huì)在夢(mèng)里排解白天的負(fù)面情緒?！疚鼍洹?Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the ni ght是句子的主干，后面跟了兩個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)progressi ng toward,和 suggesti ng that ,，都是作伴隨狀語，但是第一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語是most people，而第二個(gè)的邏輯主語是suggesti ng前面的所有句子成分。另外，在suggest ing的賓語從句中，過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)gen erated duri ng the day作后置定語，修飾前面的feeli ngs 。【講詞】 progr

11、ess 作動(dòng)詞表示 "進(jìn)展”。Our compa ny cannot progress un til weemploy more people.（我們公司只有雇用更多的人才能發(fā)展。）gen erate 的意思是"產(chǎn)生，形成，生成”：computergen erated imagery（計(jì)算機(jī)生成的圖像）。When coal burns,it ge nerates heat.（煤在燃燒時(shí)產(chǎn)生熱量。）Thesituati on gen erated widespread dissatisfacti on with the peace process.（這種形勢(shì)導(dǎo)致人們對(duì)和平進(jìn)程

12、普遍感到不滿。）ly life we dons events un til,it a18. Because our con scious mind is occupied with dai always think about the emotional significance of the day ppears,we begi n to dream.【譯文】 因?yàn)槲覀兊囊庾R(shí)為日?，嵤滤紦?jù)，所以我們不會(huì)總是考慮白天發(fā)生的事情 對(duì)情緒的影響，直到我們開始做夢(mèng)，這種影響似乎才出現(xiàn)。【析句】 本句是一個(gè)表示關(guān)系的復(fù)合句,Because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，主句是wedon' t always

13、 think about the emotional significance of the days events 。破折號(hào)后面的until引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，其中it appears 是插入語?！局v詞】occupy除了常見的意思"占領(lǐng)”以外，還表示“占用”。As I was fulloccupied with my own thinkin g,I did not hear the teacher calli ng my n ame.（我一門心思想著事，沒有聽到老師叫我的名字。）I was occupied with prepari ng for thepostgraduate

14、exam in ati ons.（我一門心思準(zhǔn)備考研。）sig nificance意為"意義，含義，重要性”。It was notun til the early 18thcen tury that the sig ni fica nce of the event was gen erally realized.（直至 U 18 世紀(jì)初，人們才普遍認(rèn)識(shí)到這一事件的意義。）Proper methods are needed to determi nethe sig nifica nce of these cha nges.（需要恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞讲拍艽_定這些變化的重要性。）19. At the

15、 end of the day,there ' s probably little reas on to pay atte nti on to our dreams at all uni ess they keep us from sleeping or“ we wake up in panic, ” Cartwright says.【譯文】 卡特萊特說，說到底，只要夢(mèng)不使我們無法睡眠或“從夢(mèng)中驚醒”，就沒有 多少理由在意所做的夢(mèng)?！疚鼍洹緼t the end of the day在句中作狀語。句子的主句 there ' s probably l,后面的unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語

16、從ittle reas on to pay atte nti on to our dreams at all句，其中包含兩個(gè)以 or連接的并列分句。6【講詞】reason是一個(gè)常用詞，多用作名詞，也可用作動(dòng)詞。There' s a great deal of reason in his advice.（他的忠告極有道理。）有或沒有理由去做什么事，都可以套用 reason 來表達(dá)。You have no reason to treat him like that.（你沒有理由那么對(duì)他。）reason作動(dòng)詞表示"與”理論（講道理），辯論，說服，推斷”。He reasonedout a solution to the problem,他經(jīng)過推斷，找出了解決問題的辦法。）at the e