定語從句歸納及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題

1、定語從句 語法歸納及練習(xí)一、語法知識歸納一、基本概念（一） 定語從句在復(fù)合句中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。（二） 先行詞被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。一般情況下，定語從句緊跟先行詞。但也有因各種原因定語從句與先行詞被分割的現(xiàn)象。（三）關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。與先行詞關(guān)系密切，因此緊跟先行詞，并在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個成分。關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語和定語。關(guān)系副詞有：when, where和why。在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語。二、關(guān)系代詞的用法（一）基本用法根據(jù)先行詞

2、的不同，和在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞植煌?，選用不同的關(guān)系代詞。如下表：關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關(guān)系代詞who人主語，賓語Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which和that在從句中做賓語時，常可以省略，但介詞提前時后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人賓語Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whose人，物定語I like those books whose top

3、ics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate. that人，物主語，賓語A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which物主語，賓語The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人，物主語，賓語He is such a

4、person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做賓語一般不省略例如：（注意關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑?Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主語） I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主語） The plan that/which they argued abou

5、t was settled at last. （作賓語） This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作賓語） The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定語）注意：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語時可以省略，充當(dāng)主語時則不能。（見上例）（二）關(guān)系代詞that代替which的一些情況which, that 在代替物時，一般可以通用。但在有些情況下，只用 that。先行詞是最高級形容詞

6、或它的前面有最高級形容詞修飾時。例如： This is the best that has been used against pollution. English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years. 先行詞是序數(shù)詞，或它前面有一個序數(shù)詞時。例如： This is the last place (that) I want to visit. It is the first American movie of this kind that Ive ever seen. 先行詞是 all, mu

7、ch, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代詞時。例如： You should hand in all that you have. We havent got much that we can offer you. 先行詞前面有the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修飾時。例如： The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. The little money (that)

8、 he had was stolen.（三）宜用who, 而不用that的一些情況 先行詞是one, ones, anyone時。例如： One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. Dont tell anyone about the news who oughtnt to know it.先行詞是those時。例如： Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic clot

9、h.（四）其它情況 先行詞既有人又有物時。例如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station. 主句已有疑問詞who 或which時。例如： Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?（五）與whose有關(guān)的問題 whose

10、是代詞的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如： I saw a woman whose bag was stolen. Please show me the book whose cover is red. 當(dāng)whose表示物與物的所有格關(guān)系時，亦可用of which的形式。例如： The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant. The building, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaurant.或 The building,

11、of which the roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.三、介詞前提的問題關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)介詞賓語時，介詞可以前提至關(guān)系代詞前。例如：Have you seen the pen (which) I wrote the note with just now? （which作介詞with的賓語）Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now? 但是，要注意的是： 介詞前提后，先行詞是人或物，關(guān)系代詞分別只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。

12、介詞前提后，關(guān)系代詞不再能省略。 有些含有介詞的短語動詞中的介詞不能前提，如：look for, look after, take care of等。例如：錯誤：Who is the old man to that you were talking to?正確：Who is the old man to whom you were talking ? 或 Who is the old man (that/ whom) you were talking to?錯誤：These are the sheep of which the boy took care.正確：These are the sh

13、eep (which/that) the boy took care of.四、關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句中的主謂一致關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)與先行詞一致。例如：Who is the guy that is reading over there?The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.All that needs to be done has been done.He is one of the students who use

14、computer a lot for study.Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam.例中的all意為“一切”，作單數(shù)。例中沒通過考試的學(xué)生事實(shí)上只有一人，因此謂語動詞也用單數(shù)。that與which, who, whom的用法區(qū)別：情況用法說明例句只用that的情況先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代詞時。先行詞被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修飾時先行詞有形容

15、詞最高級和序數(shù)詞修飾時先行詞既指人又指物時先行詞被the only, the very修飾時句中已經(jīng)有who或which時，為了避免重復(fù)時1. He told me everything that he knows.2. All the books that you offered have been given out.3. This is the best film that I have ever read.4. We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5. He is the only man that I w

16、ant to see.6. Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which, who, whom的情況在非限制性定語從句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。先行詞本身是that時，關(guān)系詞用which, 先行詞為those, one, he時多用who。1. He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.2. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking

17、.3. Those who respect others are usually respected by others. 定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(1)1.The place _interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _last month. A. whi

18、ch they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year_the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day _I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory _we'll visit ne

19、xt week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place in the factory _we are working since then. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this y

20、ear D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book _the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen _he is writing is mine. A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy. A

21、. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old. A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D. with whom 13.Is there anyone in your class _family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in _you have said. A. all that B.all what C. th

22、at D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man _he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, _we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I wen

23、t with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like _ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sist

24、er, _is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 23.You're the only person _I've ever met _could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who 24.I lost a book, _I can't remembe

25、r now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world. A.for which B.for that C.in which D what 26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it 27.I can never forget the

26、day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together. A.when; which B.which; when C.what; that D.on which; when 28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D./ 29.This is the reason _he didn't come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which 30.Thi

27、s machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly. A.after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after 31.The reason _he didn't come was _he was ill. A. why; that B. that; why C. for that; hat D. for which; what 32.He is working hard,

28、_will make him pass the final exam. A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way _I do it. A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, _are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _used in your fact

29、ory a few days ago. A.as was B. which was C.as were D. which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it 37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which C. from that D. from which 38.He is not such a man _ wou

30、ld leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose 40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened? - Yes, he told me all _ he knew. A.

31、what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life. A.when; who B.that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing. A.owns; are B. owns; is C

32、. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going on inside house. A. w

33、hich; what B. through which; what C.through that; what D. what; that47. Is _ some German friends visited last week? A this school B.this the school C.this school oneD.this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I have bought two ballpens,

34、_ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（2）1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, _ from east to west. Those _ run from north to south are called a

35、venues.A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that2. This is the case _ hes had all his money stolen.A. when B. where C. that D. on which3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, _ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D. how4. The artist will n

36、ot paint people or animals but he will paint anything _ .A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him toC. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him5. How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?Oh, thats easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one

37、 _ the telephone number is provided.A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday, _ I will never forget.A. when B. that C. what D. which7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _ he can walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. which D. whose

38、8. There are several research centers in China _ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.A. which B. where C. when D. what9. I hope that the little _ I have been able to do does good to them all.A. which B. what C. that D. when10. The time is not far away _ modern communications will beco

39、me widespread in Chinas vast countryside.A. as B. when C. until D. before11. _ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.A. It B. As C. Which D. What12. I shall never forget the day _ Shen Zhou V was launched, _ has a great effect on my life.A. when, which B. that, which C.

40、which, that D. when, that13. The bread my wife makes is much better than _ you can buy at a store.A. that which B. one that C. that of which D. this of which14. There is no such place _ you dream of in all this world.A. that B. what C. which D. as15. The people, _ had been damaged by the flood, were

41、 given help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homes B. all of whose homesC. all their homes D. all of their homes16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later. A. who B. when C. on which D. which17. Is this research center _ you visited

42、the modern equipment last year?A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old _ they swam in it.A. when B. that C. who D. where19. The man showed us so heavy a stone _ no man can lift.A. that B. as C. which D. and20. He stayed there f

43、or quite a long time, during _ time he learned much spoken English. A. that B. this C. which D. same定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（3）1. Who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there?A. who B. / C. that D. when 2. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking C

44、. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking 3. He talked about a hero no one had ever heard. A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who4. Have you read the book I lent to you? A. that B. whom C. when D. whose5. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk

45、frequently.A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom6. Recently I bought a second-hand car was very low.A. which price B. the price of whoseC. its price D. whose price7. Lily, is Helen _ you want to introduce me to?A. that B. who C. whom D. the girl8. The professors talked with us about the beautiful

46、 schools and the experienced teachers _ they had seen.A. that B. who C. which D. what9. This is the only bus _ goes to the village school.A. / B. that C. where D. it10. Is there a shop around _sells China Daily?A. who B. where C. in which D. which11. She was the only one of the girls in our class _

47、accepted as candidate for the president of our Students Union.A. who was B. who were C. who has been D. who have been12. She is no longer the sweet little girl _ she used to be.A. what B. who C. when D. that13. Is this singer _ songs you like best?A. whos B. whose C. which D the one whose14. He got

48、angry with _ was against his opinion.A. who B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who15. Anyone _with what I said may raise your hand.A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree16. Thats the dog _.A.weve been looking after B. after which weve been lookingC. what weve been looking after D

49、. weve been taking care for17. This is the last time _ Ill give you a lesson.A. when B. that C. what D. as18. The family _ I stayed with in Paris are coming to London.A. whose B. which C. what D. whom19. This is the very knife _ I used to cut apples yesterday.A. that B. by which C. which D. with whi

50、ch20. China has many rivers, _ the Yangtze River is the longest.A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which21. The use they are _ the waste helps to save a lot of money.A. made of B. made from C. making up of D. making of22. That tree, the branches _ are almost bare, is a very old one.A. who

51、se B. in which C. of which D. of it23. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. thatB. who C. from whom D. to whom24. What is the way Smith thought of _ enough money to buy the new house?A. getting B. having got C. being got D. to get25. Jack spent as much time as he could _ over his lessons.A. going B. went C. go D. to go 26. The freezing point is the temperature _water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. when D. of which27. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute _ he can spare. A. that B. in which C. in that