最新英語(yǔ)各種詞性前后綴及習(xí)題

1、精品文檔各種詞性前后綴1 .常見(jiàn)前綴前綴含義例詞en-使可能enrich 豐富 enable 使能夠，使用機(jī)會(huì) enlarge 擴(kuò)大dis-不，否定dissatisfyWm disappear 消失 disagree /、同意 dishonesty不誠(chéng)實(shí)disadvantage不利條件un-不unable不能夠 unlucky不幸的 unhappy /、開(kāi)心的un+ v.做相反動(dòng)作undress 脫衣服 unload 卸貨 uncover W#inim- ir-il-不，非inactive 不活躍的 incorrect /、止確的impolite不禮貌的impossible不可能的immora

2、l不道德的irregular不規(guī)則的irresponsible不負(fù)責(zé)任的illogical不合邏輯的illegal非法的non-不，非non-existent不存在的 non-stop直達(dá)的，連續(xù)不斷的mis-錯(cuò)誤的，壞的misunderstand 誤角m mislead 誤導(dǎo) misfortune 厄運(yùn)，不幸Re-重復(fù)，再rewrite 重與，remarry 再婚super-在上面，超級(jí)supermarket 超市 supermodel超級(jí)名模 superstar 超級(jí)明星under-在之下underestimate 彳氐估 underground 地下的inter-相互，之間interna

3、tional國(guó)際的interact交流，合彳 ,相互作用semi-半semifinal 半決賽 semicircle 半圓 semi-conscious 半昏迷半清 醒的multi-多，多種multi-national 多國(guó)的 multi-colored 多種顏色的multi-cultural多義化的kilo-千kilometer 千，K，公里 kilogram 千克telephone 電話(huà) television 電視tele-遠(yuǎn)a在上/里 向.aboard 在船/火車(chē)/飛機(jī)上 ahead在前回aside 1司旁邊 abroad在國(guó)夕卜2 .名詞后綴后綴含義例詞n.+er目關(guān)的人Jfarmer

4、 農(nóng)夫 officer 官員v.+er"事某種職業(yè)、進(jìn)行 1種活動(dòng)的人teacher 教幣 worker 工人 reader讀者 writer 作豕 地點(diǎn)名詞+er某處的人Londoner 倫敦人 villager 村民-ess女a(chǎn)ctress女演員 hostess女士人-or同er-conductor 售票員 visitor 游客 inventor 發(fā)明家 actor 演員 survivor幸存者 editor編輯-ar同er-beggar 乞丐-ese某國(guó)人，某國(guó)語(yǔ)Chinese中國(guó)人，漢語(yǔ)Japanese日本人，日語(yǔ)-ianX事某職業(yè)的人musician豕 physician醫(yī)

5、師，內(nèi)科醫(yī)生-ist從事杲職業(yè)的人scientist 科學(xué)家 dentist 牙醫(yī) pianist 鋼琴家 artist 藝 術(shù)家communist共產(chǎn)主義者 socialist社會(huì)主義者-ment亍為的結(jié)果argument 爭(zhēng)論 judgment 判斷-ness狀態(tài)，情況，特征happiness 幸福 illness 疾病-tion動(dòng)作行為dictation 聽(tīng)寫(xiě) preparation 準(zhǔn)備-ship身份，狀態(tài)leadership 領(lǐng)導(dǎo) friendship 友誼 citizenship 國(guó)籍；公民 k-anceacceptance接受 appearance夕卜表；出現(xiàn)-enceconfi

6、dence 彳百,息 reference 參考n.+ful，該名詞容量為單位 “量glassful 一杯 mouthful 一口 plateful spoonful 匙-alrefusal 拒絕 denial 抵賴(lài) arrival 至U達(dá) approval 贊成； 批準(zhǔn) burial埋葬； 葬禮 survival幸存-ydifficulty 困難 possibility 可能性-ismsocialism社會(huì)主義 materialism唯物主義3 .形容詞后綴后綴例詞-alindustrial工業(yè)的 national國(guó)家的，民族的-anEuropean歐洲的 American美國(guó)的，美洲的-er

7、neastern東方的 northern北方的 southern南方的-ablereasonable合理的 believable可相信的 unbearable難以忍受的-fulcareful仔細(xì)的，小心的cheerful興局米烈的beautiful美麗的-ishchildish孩子般的 selfish自私的foolish愚蠢的-iveactive活躍的，積極的creative創(chuàng)造性的destructive破壞的；毀滅性的-ythirsty 口渴的 dirty臟白W windy有風(fēng)的-engolden金色的 金白W wooden木的，木質(zhì)的 woolen 羊毛的-ouscontinuous持續(xù)的

8、various各種各樣的-aryimaginary 幻想的 revolutionary 革命的-icrealistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的 historic歷史的-sometroublesome麻煩的lonesome孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的-likechildlike孩子般的，單純的 womanlike女人般的-lyfriendly友好的lovely可愛(ài)的-lesscareless 粗心的 harmless無(wú)害的 homeless 無(wú)家可歸的 useless無(wú)用的4 .動(dòng)詞后綴后綴含義例詞使一成為，widen 力口寬 sharpen 肖ij尖 deepen 力口深 strengthen 力口強(qiáng) shorten 縮短

9、soften 軟化 quicken 加快-en使一具有使變成Americanize 美國(guó)化 civilize 使開(kāi)化,modernize 現(xiàn)代化 nationalize 國(guó)有化adj. +ize使-化-y使-化beautify 美化 simplify 簡(jiǎn)化精品文檔精品文檔5 . 副詞后綴-ly 是最常見(jiàn)的副詞后綴, 可以附加在形容詞后，構(gòu)成與原形容詞意義相同的副詞。如：slowly 緩慢地 happily 高興地 truly 真實(shí)地 wholly 全部地 simply 純粹地 練習(xí)1. 動(dòng)詞、介詞、冠詞、物主代詞等詞后一般接名詞或動(dòng)名詞, 如果所給單詞是其它詞類(lèi), 就要將其改為名詞, 并注意名

10、詞數(shù)的變化。(1)Do you know the (deep) of the river?(2)His (careful) resulted in the terrible accident(3)He is one of the (science) who support this theory.答案： (1) depth (2) carelessness (3) scientists2. 動(dòng)詞、 介詞后一般接名詞或動(dòng)名詞, 如果所給單詞為動(dòng)詞，就要看該動(dòng)詞是否有名詞形式，如果有名詞形式，就用其名詞形式；如果該動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有名詞形式，就用其動(dòng)名詞。如：(1)Please pay (attend) t

11、o your handwriting.(2) His (arrive) made the situation worse.(3)The teacher was angry at my (come) late.答案： (1) attention (2) arrival (3) coming3. 動(dòng)詞前后、形容詞前后可有副詞。如果所需詞為副詞時(shí), 還要考慮副詞級(jí)的變化。如：(1)The boy ran (quick) to school.(2)“ What s that?”Father shouted (angry).(3)The little girl is ( extreme) eager t

12、o know the result of the exam 。(4) . He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “ grow ” (height).答案： (1) quickly (2) angrily (3) extremely (4) higher4. 在名詞前作定語(yǔ)，在系動(dòng)詞后做表語(yǔ)，以及作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常要用形容詞如果所需詞為形容詞時(shí), 還要考慮形容詞級(jí)的變化。(1) What s the (width) river in th

13、e world?(2) The (strength) we become, the more modest we should be.答案： (1) widest (2) stronger5 即時(shí)訓(xùn)練 單句填空：用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Mary was very at the news, so she looked at her husband, her eyes full of(sad).2. He football very well and he was one of the best in yesterday s footballmatch. (play)3. Look! Ho

14、w Kate is laughing! She seems to be the girl in the world (happy).4. To our , the headmaster was very with our report. (satisfy)5. Edison was a great . During his life he had many . (invent)6. I should my task and make it to finish it. (simple)7. The boy having the of being half starved , never to b

15、e seen again. (appear)8. The police the pot and a plot against the President. (cover)9. You are so to help me. Thank you for your . (kindly)10. Everything is becoming than before and many college students had to work tomake some mone y for their college . (expend)語(yǔ)篇填空：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空ARafting is an_1_ (e

16、xcite) adventure. A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams. Rafting is a good way to experience_2_(natural) . If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks. If you are looking for more_3_ ( excite) ,

17、you may want to try whitewater rafting. Whitewater rafting is_4_( adventure)and_5_(difficulty) than normal rafting. It is done on rivers andstreams where the water moves_6_ (quick). You have to be_7_ (care) not to hit rocks, trees and other_8_ (dangerous). The name “ Whitewater ” comes from the fact

18、 that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.BSteve Jones is an_1_(environment) expert who tries to keep animals and plants from_2_(become) endangered. If we know more about what causes_3_ (danger), we may be able to take measures before it is too late. A species can become _4_ (endanger) for_5_ (differ) reasons. Animals and plants must have a habitat or home, which is_6_ (comfort) and clean, and where there is enough food and other resources. Otherwise