人教高中英語必修五Unit1知識點詳解

1、必修5UnitlGreatscientistsPart 1. Warmingup1. explain及物動詞（vt.）解釋;說明；闡明（+to）+wh-+（that）Heexplainedthathehadbeencheate施解釋說他是上當(dāng)受騙了。Canyouexplainhowthemachineoperates?（爾能解釋下這機(jī)器是如何運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的嗎？Pleaseexplainthisruletome青給我講解一下這條規(guī)則。不及物動詞（vi.）解釋;說明;辯解I'vegottoexplainaboutit.我得解釋一下此事。2. characteristicn.特征；特性Kindnes

2、sisoneofhischaracteristics.adj.獨(dú)特的Iheardmyfriend'scharacteristiclaugh.becharacteristicofsb./sth.是.的特性Suchbluntnessischaracteristicofhin.如此遲鈍是他的特性。3. Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?putforward提出（建議等）；提名；提前，把時鐘往前撥Heputforwardanewplan.他提出一個新計丸J。MayIputyournameforwardasapossiblechairmanofthecomm

3、ittee我能否提名你當(dāng)委員會主席？歸納拓展putdown記下；鎮(zhèn)壓putout關(guān)掉；熄滅putaside放在一邊；儲存；保留putoff推遲；延期putup建造；舉起；張貼puton穿上putaway收好Part 2. Pre-reading,readingandcomprehending1 .Doyouknowhowtoproveanewideainscientificresearchhowtoproveanewidea為疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)可在句中作主語、賓語、表語等。Wehaven'tdecidedwheretogo.們還沒有決定去哪里。Thequestioniswhe

4、ntoleave.問題是什么時候動身。2 .drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論1) conclusion作名詞，意為結(jié)束，結(jié)論”cometo/reach/arriveataconclusion得出結(jié)論inconclusion最后IwillinconclusionsayafewwordsaboutmyvisittoTokyo.最后，我對我的東京之行說幾句。2) conclude作動詞，結(jié)束；斷定；決定toconclude；(作插入語)最后，作為總結(jié)(=tosumup)Toconclude,Ithinksmokingdoesmoreharmthangoodtous.3) JohnSnowwas

5、afamousdoctorinLondon-soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.約翰斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生一一他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛，以至于成了照料維多利亞女王的私人醫(yī)生。expertn.專家，能手anexpertinpsychology(心理學(xué))anagriculturalexpertadj.熟練的，有專門技術(shù)的anexpertjob需專門知識的工作Heisexpertin/atcooking.attendvt.&vi參加，注意，照料 bepresenta參力口attendaceremony/l

6、ecture/ameeting attendto(on):tolookafter,carefor,serve司候，照顧，看護(hù)Thequeenhadagooddoctorattending(on)her.DrSmithattendedherinhospital.Motherhadtoattendtohersickson.attendto處理，注意傾聽Canyouattendtothematterimmediately?ImaybelateIhavegotoneortwothingstoattendto.4.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingo

7、rdinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助那些得了霍亂的普通人時，他就感到很振奮。(1) exposedtocholera在句中是過去分詞作后置定語，表示被動。意為患霍亂的”。如：ThebookwrittenbyLuxunisverypopular.魯迅寫的書是很受歡迎的。ThemanseenbyusyesterdayisProfessorSmith.昨天我們看見的那個人是史密斯教授。(2) expose暴露exposesb/sthtosthHeexposeshisskintothesun.他把皮膚暴露在陽光下。揭露Heexposedtheirplot.他揭

8、穿了他們的陰謀。Thecrimeofthecorruptofficialsmustbeexposedwithoutanyreserve.對貪官污吏的罪行一定要毫無保留地予以揭發(fā)。exposedadj.暴露的，暴露于風(fēng)雨中的，無掩蔽的exposednessn.暴露，顯露exposesth.tothelightofday把某事暴露于光天化日之下5.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.對于它的起因和治療方法人們都不清楚。neither.nor.既不也不，連接句中兩個相同成分。 Ineitherknewnorcaredwhathadhappenedtohim.

9、我既不知道也不關(guān)心他出了什么事。NeitherFrancenorBritainwillattendthemeetingnextweek.法國和英國都將不會參加下星期的會議。NeitherJimnorhisparentshaveseenthefilm.=NeitherhisparentsnorJimhasseenthefilm吉姆和她的父母都沒有看過這部電影。curevt.治療，治愈，改正n.治療,治愈,治療法curesb(ofsth)治好了某人(的.,.)Theonlywaytocurebackacheistorest.治療背痛的唯一辦法是休息。WhenIleftthehospitalIwas

10、completelycured.Thatnastyshockcuredhimofhisinquisitivenessforever.那沉重教訓(xùn)根除了他凡事愛打聽的毛病。This川nesscannotbecuredeasily.這種病不好治.acureforsth.治療的方法;解決問題，改善困境Isthereacertaincureforcanceryet?癌癥迄今有無有效的治療方法？Thepricesaregoingupeveryday,butthereisnocureforrisingprices.6.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytime

11、therewasanoutbreak.們既不知道它的病因，也不懂如何治療。每次爆發(fā)霍亂時就有成千上萬驚恐的人病死。(1)本句為復(fù)合句，“Sonanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied為主句，everytime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意思是每當(dāng)(2)有些名詞短語或副詞可以起連詞的作用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。例如：everytime,eachtime,thelasttime,nexttime,themoment,theminute,immediately,instantly等。Everytime/EachtimeIexpressanopinionshearguesback®

12、;當(dāng)我發(fā)表意見時，她總是反駁。 Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworldthemoment/theminute/immediatelyIarrivedhere.我一到這里就感到耳目一新。ThelasttimeIsawhim,hewasquitewelL我最后一次看到他時，他還相當(dāng)健康。Giveyourfathermybestregardsnexttimeyouseehim.下次你見至U你父親時，請代我向他致以最好的問候。拓展延伸(1)forthefirsttime是介詞短語，常用作時間狀語，而thefirsttime是連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。(2)Itisthefirs

13、ttimethat如果前面用is,從句動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果前面用was,則從句動詞用過去完成時.(3)It's(high)timethat句動詞用過去時或should+動詞原形。It'shightimewetookimmediateactiontopreventpollution至U我們立即采取措施阻止污染的時候了。7.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair,acloudofdangerousgasfloatedarounduntilitfounditsvictims.第一種看法是霍亂病毒在空氣中繁殖，像一股危險氣體在空中

14、到處漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害人。suggestv.建議；暗示；表明suggest+doing/sth./thatsb.(should)dosth.Maysuggestedapicnicattheweekend.HesuggestedtousavisittotheGreatWall.HesuggestedusvisitingtheGreatWall.Isuggestedleavingearlyfortheairport.Hesuggestedthatwe(should)visittheGreatWall.Shesuggestedthatherfather(should)giveupsmoking

15、.*suggest(暗示，表明)+從句不用虛擬語氣。Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatsheagreedwithme.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewashappy.1 .Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals第二種看法是人們是在吃飯時把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。absorbvt.(1)專注，聚精會神beabsorbedin=putone'sheartint即精力做某事Iwasabsorbedinabookanddidn&

16、#39;the我yoUr>COft書，沒聽至U你的電話。Absorbedinhiswork,Tomsimplyforgotfoodandsleep.湯姆專心工作，幾乎忘記了吃飯和睡覺。(2)吸收，把吸收入(absorbinto.)Blackclothabsorbslight.黑布吸收光線。Thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization這家大公司逐漸將這些小公司吞并了。ThecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgehisteachercouldgivehimHB個聰

17、明的男孩把他老師所能教他的所有知識都理解了。9 .JohnSnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywascorrectbutheneededevidence.約翰斯諾推測第二種說法是正確的，但需要有證據(jù)。suspectvt.認(rèn)為，懷疑常用短語：suspectsthtobe;suspectsbofdoingsth.Theysuspecthimtobethemurderer他們懷疑他是兇手)Shesuspectedhimoftakinghermoney.n.嫌疑犯;可疑分子C10 .,thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500p

18、eoplediedintendays.severeadj.嚴(yán)厲地；苛刻的；嚴(yán)格的beseverewith/on對.嚴(yán)格/嚴(yán)厲Youaretoosevereontheboy.劇痛的；劇烈的；嚴(yán)重的asevereattackoftoothach時痛的劇烈發(fā)作adv.severely11 .Next,JohnSnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets.接下來，約翰斯諾調(diào)查了這兩條街上的水源。lookinto調(diào)查，了解，研究；朝里面看與one'sface/eyes連用，表示注視”Helooksintoherfacewithgreati

19、nterest.他饒有興趣地注視著她的臉。和look組成的其他短語lookaround/about環(huán)顧四周lookback回頭看lookdownupon輕視，瞧不起lookforwardto(doing)盼望lookon/upon.as把看作lookthrough瀏覽lookuptosb.尊敬/仰慕某人lookafter照顧；照料lookbackon回顧；回想lookfor尋求；尋找lookon旁觀lookout往外看；注意；當(dāng)心lookup抬頭看；查看12 .Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.來要?dú)w罪于飲用水了。blamev.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把歸咎于n.過失；責(zé)備；（

20、過失、過錯等）責(zé)任blamesb.forsth./doingsth為某事責(zé)備某人/責(zé)備某人做了某事Theyblamedthesecretaryforthedelayoftheplan.blamesth.onsb./sth.把某事歸咎于某人；因某事而指責(zé)某人Thepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonja(k'scarelessdriving.betoblamefor(doing)sth.因(做)某事某人應(yīng)該受到譴責(zé)；注意:betoblame應(yīng)受責(zé)備(主動表被動)；應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任Thedriverwasnottoblameforthetrafficaccident.a

21、ccept/bear/taketheblameforsth.對某事負(fù)責(zé)任Heisreadytotaketheblameforwhathadhappened.put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.將某事歸咎于某人13.InanotherpartofLondon,hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.倫敦的另一地區(qū)，他從另外兩例與布洛德街疾病爆發(fā)有關(guān)的死亡病例中得到了有力的證據(jù)。linkvt.連接；聯(lián)系n.環(huán)；連接；聯(lián)系；紐帶14 .Awoman,whoha

22、dmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryda尸個婦女，從布洛德街搬走了，但她非常喜歡水泵的水，她讓人每天從水泵給她家送水。15 .WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus利用這個額外證據(jù)，約翰斯諾就可以很有把握地宣布污染水?dāng)y帶病菌。announcevt.(1)宣布，宣告(決定、計劃等)announcesth.(t

23、osb.)舸某人)宣布、通告某事announcethat.宣布；通知Itisannouncedthat.據(jù)宣布Pleaseannouncetoyourclassthattherewillbenoschooltomorrow清通知你們班明天不上學(xué)。IthasbeenofficiallyannouncedthathewillpayasecondvisittoChinasoon.據(jù)官方消息稱，他不久將再次來中國訪問。(2)(事情)顯示；預(yù)告Thebrightflowersannouncedthatspringwashere鮮艷的花朵顯示春天已經(jīng)來到。拓展延伸announcementn宣布；口頭通知a

24、nnouncern播音員makeanannouncemenfF通知16 .Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.為防止這種情況再度發(fā)生，約翰斯諾建議，所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢測。prevent/stop(from)doingsth.或keep.fromdoingsth意為阻止做某事”Whatcanwedotopreventthediseasespreading我們能做什么來防止這種疾病蔓延呢？Weshouldtakemeasurestopreventt

25、heriverfrombeingpollutedfurther我們應(yīng)該采取措施阻止這條河受到進(jìn)一步的污染。examinev.檢查；細(xì)查；診察；審問；盤問Thedoctorexaminedtheboyandfoundtherewasnothingthematterwithhim.Thelawyerexaminedthewitness.examinationn.考試；檢查；名田查takeanexamination參力口考試medicalexamination體檢underexamination在檢查中；在審查中17.FinallyKingCholerawaswefesteM于被擊敗了辨析win,beat與defeatwin贏得”賽事、戰(zhàn)事、某物；beat戰(zhàn)勝”擊敗”比賽中的對手，可與defeat互換Webeat/defeatedtheirteamby10scores.Theywonthebattlebutlostmanymen.Thelocalballteamwonthestatechampionshipbybeating/defeatingalltheotherteams.Part3.LearningaboutLanguage1. takein收留；包括take相關(guān)短語：takeafter相似ta