主謂一致理論

1、主謂一致理論1. 數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)，不論指人還是指物，謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)。 About twenty know the secret. 二十人知道這個(gè)秘密。 Six are missing. 丟了六個(gè)。 2. “more than one + 單數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)，但它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。但“more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 More than one person has known the news. 不止一個(gè)人知道了這個(gè)消息。 More students than one are for your proposal. 很多學(xué)生同意你的

2、計(jì)劃。 3. one out of ten 或one in ten結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)按照語(yǔ)法一致的原則，用單數(shù)。 One out of ten was badly injured in the accident. 在這場(chǎng)事故中有十分之一的人受了傷。 4. “a +單數(shù)名詞 + or two” 結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。但“one or two +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 A word or two is missing here. 這里缺一兩個(gè)詞。 One or two friends are coming for dinner this evening. 一兩個(gè)朋

3、友今晚要來吃晚飯。 5. “many a + 單數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用單數(shù)形式。 Many a passenger was killed in the accident.許多乘客在這一次事故中喪生。 Many a boy has been to the castle. 有好幾個(gè)男孩到過那城堡。 6. “one and a half + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用單數(shù)形式。 One and a half bananas is left on the table. 桌上還剩下一根半香蕉。 One and a half years has passed. 一年半時(shí)間過去了。 7.

4、“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+ of + 名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與短語(yǔ)中of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。 Three-fourths of its surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面四分之三是海洋。 Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan. 在場(chǎng)的三分之二的人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 Around 10 percent of the forest is destroyed each year. 每年大約有百分之十的森林被毀。 8. 用plusand表示“加”，用minus表示“減”，和用times表示“乘”時(shí)，動(dòng)詞

5、多用單數(shù)，但也可用復(fù)數(shù)。 Two and two isare four. 二加二是四。 Ten times five isare fifty. 十乘五等于五十。 注意： 用from表示“被減”，multiplied by表示“被乘”或divided by表示“被除”，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 8 from 10 leaves 2. 10減8等于2。 25 divided by 5 equals 5. 25除以5等于5。 9. 時(shí)間價(jià)格距離等作為整體看待時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 Fifty kilometers is a long distance. 五十公里是一段長(zhǎng)距離。 Four thousand

6、 dollars is more than she can afford. 她付不起4，000美元。 The six months was a terrible dream for her. 那6個(gè)月對(duì)她來說是一場(chǎng)惡夢(mèng)。 Only six days was allowed to make preparations for the final examination. 只給了六天的時(shí)間來準(zhǔn)備期末考試。 注意： 若強(qiáng)調(diào)這類結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Six years have passed since my father left home. 我父親離家已經(jīng)六年了。 The fif

7、ty miles were covered by the winner in three hours. 優(yōu)勝者花了三小時(shí)跑完了50英里的路程。 There are eight silver dollars in the drawer. 抽屜里有八塊銀元。 10.“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a heap of, a mass of, half of +名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與短語(yǔ)中of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致，這是因?yàn)閛f后面的名詞是中心詞，而of前面的量詞是修飾語(yǔ)。 Lots of damage was caused by fire. 許多損失由

8、火災(zāi)引起的。 Lots of goods were sent there by air. 大量的貨物空運(yùn)到那里。 Half of the oranges are bad. 一半的桔子爛了。 Half of the food is unfit to eat. 這食物中有一半不能吃。 11. 在“a numbertotal of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，中心詞是名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但在“the numbertotal of+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，中心詞卻是number或total，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 A number of students are playing basketball on t

9、he playground. 操場(chǎng)上有相當(dāng)多的學(xué)生在打籃球。 The number of pages in this book is 900. 這本書的頁(yè)數(shù)是900。 A total of 3，000 letters were received last month. 上個(gè)月共收到3，000封信。 The total of letters received last month was 3，000. 上個(gè)月收到信件共3，000封。 12. 在“a great deal of a large amount of + 不可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。但“l(fā)arge amounts of + 不可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。 A great deal of rice was taken from the country to the city by railway. 很多大米通過鐵路從鄉(xiāng)下運(yùn)往城市。 A large amount of money is spent on the project. 這個(gè)工程耗費(fèi)了巨額資金。 Large amounts of money were spent on the free way. 建高速公路花了大量的錢。 13. “th