c語言上機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)

1、(1)程序#include<stdio.h>intmain()inta=3,b=5,c=7,x=1,y,z;a=b=c;x+2=5;z=y+3;return0;程序錯(cuò)誤；提示語言Configuration:fd-Win32DebugCompiling.fd.cppC:Documentsand桌面fd.cpp(2):errorC2447:missingfunctionheader(old-styleformallist?)執(zhí)行cl.exe時(shí)出錯(cuò).fd.exe-1error(s),0warning(s)修改為：#include<stdio.h>intmain()inta=3

2、,b=5,c=7,x=1,y,z;a=b=c;x=5+3;z=y+3;return0;分析結(jié)果：在賦值和運(yùn)算中是從右到左。分析：A變量名可以是數(shù)字，英文字母(大小寫均可)。下劃線。B大小寫可以區(qū)分是成不同文件。C賦值運(yùn)算的特點(diǎn)是自右向左的。實(shí)驗(yàn)4(i)整數(shù)除的危險(xiǎn)性#include<stdio.h>intmain()inta=5,b=7,c=100,d,e,f;d=a/b*c;e=a*c/d;f=c/b*a;程序在運(yùn)行結(jié)果為：000;分析原因：A5/7*100,結(jié)果是5/7等于0,再0乘上100等于0。B5*100/7,結(jié)果是5*100等于500,再500/7等于0。C100/7*

3、5結(jié)果是100/7等于0,再0*5等于0。結(jié)論：原因在于，當(dāng)整除不成立時(shí)，結(jié)果為0,所以結(jié)論會影響下一次的運(yùn)行#include<stdio.h>main()inta=5,b=8;printf(a+=%d”,a+);printf(a=%d",a);printf(+b=%d”,+b);printf(b=%d",b);8,匚二"TPsrrr工NGS'AD工MISTEArURi更由a*=5a=6+b=?h=9Press己nyLeytocontinue分析結(jié)果：i+“先引用，后增值"：+i”先增值，后引用”所以a+是5,因?yàn)橄纫?，a是6,因?yàn)?/p>

4、是增值的結(jié)果，+b是9,是因?yàn)橄仍鲋担琤是9,是因?yàn)楹笠玫慕Y(jié)果。(3)對這些表達(dá)式進(jìn)行測試分析。b+a+ab+(a+)+ab+a+(+a)b+a+a+編程：#include<stdio.h>main()inta=1,b=1;printf( )“b+a+a%d”，b+a+a);結(jié)果:b+a-»-+a =3Pi*ess any key to continue#include <stdio.h> main()int a=1,b=1;printf( )b+(a+)+a=%d”，b+(a+)+a);VDocuBents and SettiJicsVAdBiiiJLsl

5、r結(jié)果:b*<a*>*a=3Press any hey to continue#include <stdio.h> main()int a=1,b=1;printf( )b+a+(+a)=%d"，b+a+(+a);結(jié)果:=4Press mny I4毋y ta continue#include <stdio.h> main()int a=1,b=1;printf( )b+a+a+=%d”，b+a+a+);結(jié)果:b-«-a-«-+a +*=3Press any Key to cont inue#include<stdio.h&

6、gt;main()(inta=1,b=;printf(“b+a+a%d”，b+a+a);(4)對這些表達(dá)式進(jìn)行測試分析。i,ji+1,j+1i+,j+i,+ji+j編程：#include<stdio.h>main()(inti=1,j=1;printf(i=%d",i);printf(j=%d",j);i=lj=lFrc3sanykeytocontinue結(jié)果：#include<stdio.h>main()(inti=1,j=1;printf(i+1=%d”,i+1);printf(j+1=%d”,j+1);VC：VDlocmentsantd.Set

7、Liikisi+1=2J*1=2PfbssanyNeytocontinue#include<stdio.h>main()(inti=1,j=1;printf(i+=%d”,i+);printf(j+=%d”,j+);VVB,L.結(jié)果:fi*=lj*=lPress己nvkeytocontinue#include<stdio.h>main()inti=1,j=1;printf(+i=%d”,+i);printf(+j=%d”,+j);史mt三sjlA5ettin£5AdBini5trator結(jié)果:+i«2*j«2Pi*essanIceytoco

8、ntinue#include<stdio.h>main()inti=1,j=1;printf(i+j=%d”,i+j);結(jié)果：Configuration:Cpp1-Win32DebugCompiling.Cpp1.cpp桌面Cpp1.cpp(5):errorC2105:'+'needsl-value桌面Cpp1.cpp(6):warningC4508:'main':functionshouldreturnavalue;'void'returntypeassumed執(zhí)行cl.exe時(shí)出錯(cuò).Cpp1.exe-1error(s),0warn

9、ing(s)結(jié)論：程序是錯(cuò)誤的。1.分析結(jié)果：整除有危險(xiǎn)性。A.因?yàn)樾?shù)不能除大的數(shù)字，會顯示00還有結(jié)果一定是整數(shù)B.算數(shù)運(yùn)算的方向是自左向右。2 .分析結(jié)果：A. i+”先引用，后增值"：+i”先增值,后引用”所以a+是5,因?yàn)橄纫茫琣是6,因?yàn)槭窃鲋档慕Y(jié)果，B. +b是9,是因?yàn)橄仍鲋担琤是9,是因?yàn)楹笠玫慕Y(jié)果。3 .分析結(jié)果：A.可靠性低B.不容易讀懂實(shí)驗(yàn)5printf(l0ng”,sizeof(long);編程：#include<stdio.h>intmain()inti=0;printf("long:%dbytesn",sizeof(l

10、ong);return0;long= 4 bytesPt*ess 覆ny key to continue結(jié)果：(2)編寫程序來測試基本數(shù)據(jù)類型的取值范圍下。編程：#include<stdio.h>intmain()charc0,c1,c2,c4,c5,c6;c0=-129,c1=-128,c2=-127,c4=128,c5=127,c6=126;printf("%dn%dn%dn%dn%dn%dn",sizeof(c0),sizeof(c1),sizeof(c2),sizeof(c4),sizeof(c5),sizeof(c6);結(jié)果為;(1)編寫程序來測試基本

11、數(shù)據(jù)類型的有效長度和精度編程：#include<stdio.h>intmain()floatd1=0.123456789,d2=12345678901234567890.123456789;printf("%lf,%lfn",d1,d2);(3)(4)結(jié)果:(2)編寫程序來測試不同類型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換所在出現(xiàn)的截取高位，丟失精度和變得不可知等問題。編程：#include <stdio.h>int main()float f1=2.1234567,f2=12345678901234567.123456789;int i1,i2;i1=f1;i2=f2;pri

12、ntf("%d,%dn”,i1,i2);結(jié)果:I X； Doeu> ents mid Sett ingA.dB："1073741824Press an* 改后沙 to cunt in tie編寫程序來測試字符型數(shù)據(jù)的算術(shù)特征 編程：#include <stdio.h>int main()char c1=35,c2='A',c3;c3=c1+c2;printf("%d,%cn”,c3,c3);結(jié)果：編寫程序來測試轉(zhuǎn)移字符的用法如 printf ("7,7,7");編程：#include <stdio.h&g

13、t;int main()printf("7,7,7");在程序中只是會輸出兩個(gè)«,»0因?yàn)?顯示的是所在高度，所以只會顯示«,»o實(shí)驗(yàn)6(1)設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)程序來測試printf()函數(shù)中數(shù)據(jù)參數(shù)被引用的順序Inta=1；Printf(%d,%d%d,a+,a+,a+'");編程：#include<stdio.h>intmain()inta=1;printf("%d,%d,%d",+a,+a,+a);結(jié)果:4.3,2Pr&s：s：anykeytocontinue分析結(jié)果：因?yàn)槌绦蜉敵?/p>

14、是從右向左進(jìn)行的。(2)設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)程序來測試printf()函數(shù)中格式的意義。舉例：Doubled=123456789.23456789;Printf(%e”,d);編程：#include<stdio.h>intmain()doubled=123456789.23456789;printf("%e",d);ul*C:UI1.234560e+908Pres£anykeytocontinue結(jié)果：(3)設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)程序來測試printf()函數(shù)定義域與精度的方法。編程：#include<stdio.h>intmain()printf("%1

15、2.5fn",123.1234567);printf("%12fn",123.1234567);printf("%12.5gn”,123.1234567);printf("%5.10s%sn","abcdefghijkm","a");printf("%12.8dn”,12345);return0;ttinclud<stdio.h>lotnadn()printfC'ia.5fXn",129.123U567);.129I»567);printf<

16、;"12.5gXn,',123.1234567);printf("%5.1ghijkn"("a,B);priDtf(,12.SdXnM,12345);return恥c：t'C:Docueiatssod5eAteiniEtmt123.12346123.123457I23.iadhcdefghija06012345Press曰nykeytocontInue結(jié)果:(4)設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)程序來測試scanf()函數(shù)中格式的意義舉例：doublex,y;scanf("%f,%lf",&x,&y);printf("

17、;%f,%lf",&x,&x);printf("%f,%lf",&y,&y);編程：#include<stdio.h>intmain()doublex,y;scanf("%f,%lf",&x,&y);printf("%f,%lf",&x,&x);printf("%f,%lf",&y,&y);結(jié)果：.-a"C：and£«ttii£sAd*iniEtFAtr11,2,3,49.0

18、000000.8000080.300000,0.0Q0S0QPpessan51k吩ytocantinue(1)設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)程序來測試用scanf()輸入含有字符型數(shù)據(jù)的多項(xiàng)時(shí),數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)之間的分割問題。舉例如下：Charc1,c2,c3;Inta1,a2,a3;Scanf(%d%d%d,&a1,&a2,&a3");printf(%d%d%d,a1,a2,ag)Scanf(%c%c%c,&c1,&c2,&c3");printf(%c%c%c,c1,c2,c3');Scanf(%c%c%c,&c1,&c2,&c3");printf(%c%c%c,c1,c2,c3');編程：#include<stdio.h>intmain()charc1,c2,c3;inta1,a2,a3;scanf("%d%d%d,&a1,&a2,&a3");printf("%d%d%d,a1,a2,a3");scanf("%c%c%c,&c1,&c2,&c3