現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題篇一：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)習(xí)題（含答案）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)練句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. He has already gone home.He home.（否定句）he home?（ 一般疑問(wèn)句）2. He has lunch at home.He lunch at home.（ 否定句）he lunch at home?（一般疑問(wèn)句）3.he been there?（劃線提問(wèn)）4.you lunch?（戈U線提問(wèn)）用since和for填空1. two years 2.two years ago 3. last month4.19995.yesterday 6.4 o ' clock 7.4

2、hours8.an hour ago9. we were children 10. lunch time 11.she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing the year before last.13. I ' ve known him we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.15. She has been away from the city about tenyears.16. It ' s about ten years she left

3、the city.用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：'s(live) here ever since she was ten.of them(be) in Hongkongfor ten days.of them(come) to Hongkong ten days ago.17. Half an hour(pass) since the train(leave).18. Mary(lose) her pen. you (see) it here and there?19. ou(find) your watch yet?20. -Areyou thirsty? -No I just(have) so

4、me orange.21. We already(return) thebook.22. hey(build) a new school inthe village?23. I(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?24. My father(read) the novel twice.25. I(buy) a book just now.26. I(lost ) my watch yesterday.27. My father(read) this book since yesterday.三、用 have/has been to/in, hav

5、e gone to 及 go to 形式填 空。1) Where is Jack? He his country yesterday.2) David the park just now.4) How long he this village?5) The Smiths Beijing for 5 years.6)you ever America? - Yes, Ithere many times.7) I this school since three yearsago.8) Whereis Jim? He the farm since I camehere.9) When he? He a

6、n hour ago.10) Would you like to the zoo with me? -Yes, butI there before.11) Where you now? - I the zoo.12) He often swimming.13)you there last year?14)they often skating in winter?延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化died 10 years ago. He for 10 years/ since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. Hethe book

7、 for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. Hethe motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. Hehere since three days ago.6. He left here 2 years ago. He fromhere for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. The filmfor 30 minutes.9. They closed the door an hour ago. The doorf

8、or an hour.10. Hejoined the army last year. He the armyfor a year.一、單項(xiàng)選擇。1、一 you your homework yet ?Yes . Iit;do ; finished ; done ; ; done ; have ; do ; finish2、His father the Party since 1978 .A. joinedB. has joined C. was inD. has been in3、一 Do you know him well ? Sure .We friendssince ten years

9、ago .A. were B. have beenC. have become D. have made4、 .When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus for 20minutes.A. has leftB. had left C. has been away D. had been away5、I the League for 5 years so far.A. joined B. have joined C. have been in6、The factory since the February of 1988.A . has been openB

10、. has opened C. was open D. opened7、Mary and Rose friends since they met in 2000.A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become8、The meeting for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over9、Miss Gao this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught10、How long

11、he?A. did;died B. has, died C. has, been dead11、He at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12、He the car for a week.A. bought B. has boughtC. has had13、 How long you ill ?Two weeks.A. did fallB. have, fell C. have, been14、I'll lend you the book , but you can

12、 only it for2 days.A. borrowB. keep C. take15、 Howlong can I the book? Two weeks.A. borrowB. lendC. get D. keep16、The famous writer one new book in the past twoyear .A. is writing B .was writing C .wrote D .has written17、Have you met Mr. Li ?A. Just B . ago C .before D .a moment ago18、一 How long hav

13、e you here ?About two months .A. been B . gone C . come D . arrived19、Our country a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be even.A. has changed ; well B . changed ; good C . has changed ;better D. changed; better20、一 you your homework yet ? Yes. I ita moment ago.A .Did; do; finished B .Have; done; finish

14、ed C .Have; done; have finished D . will; do; finish21、We Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. know B . had known C . have known D . knew22、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I twice.A. will see B . have seen C . saw D .see23、一 These farmers have been to the United States .一Really? When there ?A.

15、will they goB .did they go C . do they go D . have they gone24、Zhou Lang already in this school for twoyears .A. was ; studying B . will ; study C . has ; studied D . are; studying25、His father the Party since 1998 .A .joined B . has joined C . was in D . has been in26、 Do you know him well ? Sure .

16、We friendssince ten years ago .A. were B . have been C . have become D . have made27、He has been to Shanghai, has he ?A. already B .never C .ever D . still28、Hurry up! The play for ten minutes .A. has begun B . had begun C . has been on D. began29、 It ten years since he left the army .A. Is B . has

17、been C . will D. was30、 Miss Green isn't in the office. She to thelibrary.A .has gone B . went C .will go D. has been31、My parents Shandong for ten years.A. have been in B . have been to C . have gone to D . have been32、The students have cleaned the classroom,?A. so they B. don ' t they C. h

18、ave they D. haven ' t they33、 has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. Howsoon, comes B. Howoften, got C. Howlong, came D. How far, arrived34、His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university答案句型轉(zhuǎn)換：'t ;

19、gone; yet; Has ; gone; yett ; had; Has;had ; many ;times ;has ; have ; had用 since 和 for 填空：用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：been passed left lostHave seenfound had returned built ' t finish read read用 have/has been to/in, have gone to 及 go 的各種形式填空：to to been in been in been to; have been beenin gone to go;went ; have b

20、een go;wentgo go延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化：been dead kepthad been been away been onbeen closed been a member of單項(xiàng)選擇1-10 CDBCC ABCAC 11-20 ACCBD DCACB 21-30 CBBCD BBCBA 31-34 ADCC篇二：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題及答案（老師專(zhuān)用）時(shí)態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1話人強(qiáng)調(diào)的是該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。My daughter has just gone out.我女兒剛出去。I ' m sure we ' ve met before.我肯定我

21、們以前見(jiàn)過(guò)面。She has arrived.她至 了。2）表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn) 在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如recently, already, just,這些日子我沒(méi)有收l(shuí)ately, for ，since ,yet 等。如：I haven ' t heard from her these days.到她的信。We haven' t seen you recently.最近我們沒(méi)有見(jiàn)至U你。They have been away for two years.他們離開(kāi)已經(jīng)兩年了。She has been with us since Mon

22、day.3）.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可以用來(lái)表示過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間到現(xiàn)在這段時(shí) 間內(nèi)重復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.We have had four texts this semester.6. have been to 和 have gone to 的區(qū)另Uhave been to 強(qiáng)調(diào)“去過(guò)”，現(xiàn)已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美國(guó)去過(guò)三次。（過(guò)去“到美國(guó)”，現(xiàn)在已“不在美國(guó)”）have gone to 主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“去了”，現(xiàn)在人不在說(shuō)話的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)， 如：-Where's your mother?-你媽媽在哪？-She has gone to the ho

23、spital.-她去醫(yī)院了。一結(jié)構(gòu)1 .肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他2 .否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他3 .一般疑問(wèn)句：have/has+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他Yes, 主語(yǔ)+have/ , 主語(yǔ)+have/has+not4 .特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +have/has+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他二 常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一起連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)注意:.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能單獨(dú)與準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間連用，（如表示過(guò)去的時(shí) 間狀語(yǔ)）如 yesterday（morning 、 afternoon）,last（morning 、 afternoon）等，除非與 for,

24、since 連用.1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如 already （肯定）,yet （否定，疑問(wèn)）,just, before, recently, still, lately , Just, already, yet, ever, never, before, twice（重復(fù)性時(shí)間），for+短時(shí)間，since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間，so far, how long提問(wèn)的疑問(wèn)句中 He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently （lately）.We have seen tha

25、t film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?2 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如 ever, never, twice, several times等：Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman several times.3 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

26、還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如 up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up topresent(now), so far 等：Peter has written six papers so far.Up to the present everything has been successful.三 當(dāng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與表示短時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必 須使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞則轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)應(yīng)的延 續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。若不是和短時(shí)間連用，則不用轉(zhuǎn)化。英語(yǔ)的行為動(dòng)詞有持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之分，使用中應(yīng)注意兩者的區(qū)別。1

27、.持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作可以持續(xù)一段時(shí)間或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。常見(jiàn)的 study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean , sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, sit, stand, lie, keep等。2 .瞬間性動(dòng)詞：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在一瞬間，非常短暫。亦稱(chēng) 終止性動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)的-begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, b

28、uy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等3 .瞬間性動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)中如要與表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，通常用意思相當(dāng)?shù)某掷m(xù)性動(dòng)詞來(lái)替換He has been in the army/a soldier for three years.（他參軍已有 3 年了。）不用 has joined Shehas been up for quite some time.（她起床已有好久了。）不用has got upHas your brother been

29、away from homefor a long time? (離家已有好久了嗎？)不用 has left 常用瞬間動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞關(guān) 系：1、gobe away2、come be here3、comebackbe back4、leave be away (be not here )5、buyhave 6、borrow -keep7、diebe dead 8、beginbe on9、finish be over 10、openbe open11、 close be closed 12 、losebe 10st13、get to know know 14、turnonbe on 15、get

30、up be up16、sit down sit/be seated17、join be in ()或 be a - member 18、become- be4.瞬間動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用例如：I haven ' t seen you for a long time.(好久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到你了。)四區(qū)別下面三組詞Have been to 表示去過(guò)某地方，不過(guò)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)Have gone to 表示去了，還未回來(lái)Have been in 表示一直在某個(gè)地方五現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，

31、但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的事實(shí)，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系I have just been to London. I went there last month. 剛?cè)ミ^(guò)倫敦，是上個(gè)月去的。1 .過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng) 調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響， 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。2 .過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊 的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yesterday, last week,ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)共同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：this

32、morning, tonight, this April, now,once , before,already, recently , lately現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until,up to now, in past years, always,六現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的反義疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他，have/has+not+ 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他，have/has+ 主語(yǔ)七現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)例析一、考查其構(gòu)成"助動(dòng)詞have (has

33、) +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：1. Kate's never seen Chinese films , ? A. hasn't sheB. has she C. isn't she D. is she析：陳述句部分含否定詞 never,簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句部分要用肯定式，又 因Kate's是Kate has的縮寫(xiě)，故選 B。2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him.（改為否定句）His uncle posted the photos to him.析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句

34、中， 故填 hasn't, yet 。3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So her has B. had C.did D. have析："so+助/系/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞形式應(yīng)與前句結(jié)構(gòu) 中動(dòng)詞形式保持一致，又后句的主語(yǔ)為her parents是復(fù)數(shù)，故選D。二、考查其用法與標(biāo)志詞（一）當(dāng)句中有 never, ever, just, already, yet, before 等時(shí)， 常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball?-you your homework yet?A.

35、 Do; finishB. Are; finishingC. Did; finish D. Have; finished2. -you anywhere before? -Yes, but I can'tremember where IA. Did; surf; surfedB. Have; surfed; surfedC. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed析：據(jù)yet和before可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故1題選D, 2題 選Do(二)當(dāng)句中有"for +段時(shí)間"或"since +點(diǎn)時(shí)間

36、"等時(shí)，主句常用 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，若是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，要改 為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表狀態(tài)的詞(短語(yǔ))。如：1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice he cameto Yunnan.A. afterB. before C. since D. for析：主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而從句用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選C。2. Tom the CD player for two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had析：A B、C均為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，在肯定句中不與表

37、"段時(shí)間"的 短語(yǔ)連用，故選Do3. I a letter from him since he left.A. didn't receiveB. haven't gotC. didn't haveD. haven't heard析：據(jù)since 可知，應(yīng)排除A、C , "hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意為"收到某人的來(lái)信”， 故選Bo三、 考查 have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to) 的區(qū)另限如:1.

38、-Have you ever Lintong to see the Terra CottaWarriors? -Yes, I have.A. went to B. gone to C. been inD. been to析：據(jù)句中的have,排除A, B項(xiàng)意為"去某地了"，C項(xiàng)意為" 一直呆在某地D項(xiàng)意為"去過(guò)某地"，符合題意，故選Do2. My parents Shangdong for ten years.A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been析：本題句中有&

39、quot;for+段時(shí)間"結(jié)構(gòu)，據(jù)此可排除 C, B項(xiàng)意為" 去過(guò)某地"，不合題意，D項(xiàng)缺介詞，故選A。四、考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與其他時(shí)態(tài)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。如：1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.（改成正確的句子）析：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與"段時(shí)間"連用時(shí)，除了把非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞改成 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞外，還可把動(dòng)詞改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)或借助句型"It's + 段時(shí)間+since+從句”進(jìn)行句子轉(zhuǎn)換。故答案為：Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Su

40、n's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there.2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.（ 改 為同義句）more than ten years Susan to this city.析：據(jù)上題分析，且 since引導(dǎo)的從句要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填I(lǐng)t is, since, came 。3. I won't go to the concert because I my ticket.A.

41、lostB. don't loseC. have lostD. is coming篇三：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題及答案（老師專(zhuān)用）時(shí)態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1強(qiáng)調(diào)的是該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。My daughter has just gone out.我女兒剛出去。I' msure we' ve met before. 我肯定我們以前見(jiàn)過(guò)面。Shehasarrived.她到了。2）表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn) 在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如 recently, already, just, lately, for ，since ,yet 等。如：I

42、haven ' t heard from her these days.這些日子我沒(méi)有收到她的信。We haven' t seen you recently.最近我們沒(méi)有見(jiàn)至U你。They have been away for two years.他們離開(kāi)已經(jīng)兩年了。She has been with us since Monday.3）.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可以用來(lái)表示過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間到現(xiàn)在這段時(shí) 間內(nèi)重復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.We have had four texts this semester.6. have been to 和 have gone to 的區(qū)另Uhave been to強(qiáng)

43、調(diào)“去過(guò)”，現(xiàn)已不在那里，如：He has been tothe USA three times.他到美國(guó)去過(guò)三次。（過(guò)去“到美國(guó)”，現(xiàn)在已“不在美國(guó)”）have gone to 主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“去了”，現(xiàn)在人不在說(shuō)話的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，如：-Where's your mother?-你媽媽在哪？ -She has gone to the hospital.- 她去醫(yī)院了。一結(jié)構(gòu)1 .肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他2 .否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他3 .一般疑問(wèn)句：have/has+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他Yes, 主語(yǔ)+have/ , 主語(yǔ)+

44、have/has+not4 .特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +have/has+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+ 其他二 常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一起連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)注意:.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能單獨(dú)與準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間連用，（如表示過(guò)去的時(shí) 間狀語(yǔ)）如 yesterday（morning 、 afternoon）,last（morning 、 afternoon）等，除非與 for, since 連用.1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如 already （肯定）,yet （否定，疑問(wèn)）,just, before, recently, still, lately , Just, already, yet, ever, n

45、ever, before,twice（重復(fù)性時(shí)間），for+短時(shí)間，since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間，so far, howlong提問(wèn)的疑問(wèn)句中 He has already obtained a haven't seen much of him recently (lately).Wehave seen that film they found the missing child yet ?2 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如 ever, never, twice, several times 等：Have you ever been to BeijingI have never h

46、eard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.3 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如 up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far 等:Peter has written six papers so far. Up to the present everything has been successful.三 當(dāng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與表示短時(shí)間的

47、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必 須使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞則轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)應(yīng)的延 續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。若不是和短時(shí)間連用，則不用轉(zhuǎn)化。英語(yǔ)的行為動(dòng)詞有持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之分，使用中應(yīng)注意兩者的區(qū)別。1 .持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作可以持續(xù)一段時(shí)間或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。常見(jiàn)的 study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean , sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, sit, stand, lie, keep等。2 .瞬間性動(dòng)詞：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在一瞬間，非常短暫。亦稱(chēng) 終止性動(dòng)詞。 常見(jiàn)的-begin, start,

48、finish, go, come, leave,find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等3 .瞬間性動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)中如要與表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，通常用意思相當(dāng)?shù)某掷m(xù)性動(dòng)詞來(lái)替換He has been in the army/a soldier for three years.（他參軍已

49、有3年了。）不用has joinedShe has been up for quite some time（她起床已有好久了。）不用 has got up Has your brother been away from homefor a long time?（離家已有好久了嗎？）不用 has left常用瞬間動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞關(guān)系：1、gobe away2、come be here3、comebackbe back4、leave be away （be not here ） 5、buyhave 6、borrow -keep7、die be dead 8、beginbe on9、finish

50、be over 10、open be open11、closebe closed 12 、losebe 10st13、get to know know14、turn on be on 15、get upbe up16、sit down 一sit/beseated17、join be in （?） 或 be a?member 18、become- be4 .瞬間動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用例如：I haven ' t seen you for a long time. （好久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到你了。）四區(qū)別下面三組詞Have been to 表示去過(guò)某地方，不過(guò)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)Have g

51、one to 表示去了，還未回來(lái)Have been in 表示一直在某個(gè)地方五現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在； 而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的事實(shí)，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。I have just been to London. I went there last month.我剛?cè)ミ^(guò)倫敦，是上個(gè)月去的。1 .過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng) 調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響， 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。2 .過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊

52、的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yesterday, last week,ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)共同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：this morning, tonight, this April, now,once, before,already, recently , lately現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until,up to now, in past years, always,六現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的反義疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+have/ha

53、s+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他，have/has+not+ 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他，have/has+ 主語(yǔ)七現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)例析一、考查其構(gòu)成"助動(dòng)詞have (has) +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：1. Kate's never seen Chinese films , ? A. hasn't sheB. has she C. isn't she D. is she析：陳述句部分含否定詞never,簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate has的縮寫(xiě)，故選 B。2. His uncle has alread

54、y posted the photos to him.(改為否定句)His uncle posted the photos to him.析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中， 故填 hasn't, yet 。3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So her has B. had C.did D. have析："so+助/系/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞形式應(yīng)與前句結(jié)構(gòu)中動(dòng)詞形式保持一致，又后句的主語(yǔ)為her parents是復(fù)數(shù)，故選D。二、考查其用法與標(biāo)志詞（一）當(dāng)句中有 never, ever, just, alre

55、ady, yet, before 等時(shí)， 常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball?-you your homework yet?A. Do; finishB. Are; finishingC. Did; finish D. Have; finished2. -you anywhere before? -Yes, but I can'tremember where IA. Did; surf; surfedB. Have; surfed; surfedC. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; su

56、rfed; have surfed析：據(jù)yet和before可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故1題選D, 2題 選Do（二）當(dāng)句中有"for +段時(shí)間"或"since +點(diǎn)時(shí)間"等時(shí)，主句常用 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，若是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，要改 為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表狀態(tài)的詞（短語(yǔ)）。如：1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice he cameto Yunnan.A. afterB. before C. since D. for析：主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而從句用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選C。2. Tom the CD

57、 player for two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had析：A B、C均為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，在肯定句中不與表"段時(shí)間"的 短語(yǔ)連用，故選Do3. I a letter from him since he left.A. didn't receiveB. haven't gotC. didn't haveD. haven't heard析：據(jù)since 可知，應(yīng)排除A、C , "hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意為"收到某人的來(lái)信”， 故選Bo三、 考查 have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to) 的區(qū)另限 如：1. -Have you ever Lintong to see the Terra CottaWarriors? -Yes, I have.A. went to B. gone to C. been inD. been to析：據(jù)句中的have,排除A, B項(xiàng)意為"去某地了"，C項(xiàng)意為" 一直呆在某地D項(xiàng)意為"去過(guò)某地"，符合題意，故選Do2. M