過去將來時(shí)態(tài)

1、一、過去將來時(shí)的基本概念 將來時(shí)，是表示在說話的時(shí)間以后將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。過去將來時(shí)，是指在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里，計(jì)劃將來要做的事，它仍然屬于過去時(shí)間內(nèi)的動(dòng)作。例如，在去年的2007年10月份，你計(jì)劃在2007年11月份去一趟北京，這就是過去將來時(shí)。二、過去將來時(shí)的構(gòu)成和用法 1、should / would +動(dòng)詞原型 這是表示過去將來時(shí)最基本的結(jié)構(gòu)。我們知道，一般現(xiàn)在將來時(shí)是用助動(dòng)詞shall, will 表示將來要做的事。那么，過去將來時(shí)，就用shall, will 的過去式即should, would 表示過去將來時(shí)。 在英語中，第一人稱 I, we 用

2、should ；其它人稱或事物則全部用 would。 但是在美國，甚至包括現(xiàn)代的英國，有一種趨勢是：所有的人稱或事物都用would 來表示過去將來時(shí)。 過去將來時(shí)最基本的用法，就是表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間后將要發(fā)生的事。請(qǐng)看過去將來時(shí)的例子： She was sixty-six. In three years, she would be sixty-nine. 她66歲了。三年后，她是69歲。  We should not have the sports meeting if it rained. 如果下雨，我們就不舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)了。 I didn'

3、9;t know how to do it. What would be their ideas？ 我不知如何去做，他們會(huì)有什么想法呢？  The farmers didnt know whether they would have a good harvest.農(nóng)民們不知道他們是否會(huì)有一個(gè)好收成。  2、be going to do  這個(gè)短語可以用來表示將來時(shí)。在過去時(shí)中，應(yīng)當(dāng)將be 改為 was/were，即was / were going to. 這個(gè)短語的特點(diǎn)是，它通常在句子如帶有一個(gè) 表示將來時(shí)間的狀語。例如： Li Mei said tha

4、t she was going to visit her grandma in the country the next Sunday.李梅說下星期天要去看望她鄉(xiāng)下的祖母。  Where did you go for your weekend? 你周末到哪里去過了?Well, 1 was going to the theatre, but in the end I went to the cinema.哦，我本打算去劇院的，但后來卻去了電影院。3. be to do  這個(gè)短語通常指計(jì)劃、安排要做的事。 例如： She said that they were to

5、 see their English teacher the next week. 她說下個(gè)星期她們要去看她們的英語老師。 4、be about to do這種結(jié)構(gòu)通常表示即將發(fā)生的事情。例如：The train was about to leave. 火車馬上就要開了所以，這一結(jié)構(gòu)與when連用時(shí)，通常表示正想做某事時(shí)，突然發(fā)生了另外一件事。例如：I was just about to go swimming when luckily our guide saw me and shouted at me.我剛要去游泳，幸好那時(shí)我們向?qū)Э吹搅宋?，向我喊叫?、用一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來

6、時(shí) 除了上面所講的四種過去將來時(shí)的表示方法外，在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，常用一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來時(shí)。例如：  They said that they were going to West Hill Farm if it didnt rain the next Sunday. 他們說如果下星期天不下雨他們就去西山農(nóng)場。 The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up. 老師問湯姆長大后準(zhǔn)備干什么。6、用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去將來時(shí) 對(duì)于像 go, come, leave, fly, d

7、rive, arrive, start 等動(dòng)詞，可以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示近期將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：  She didnt say when she was coming again next time. 她沒說下一次什么時(shí)候會(huì)再來。 Jim decided they were flying to England next month. 吉姆決定他們下個(gè)月坐飛機(jī)去英國。 Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years. 沒有人知道一百年之后將會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。 We didnt know whether she was

8、 going to speak at the meeting. 我們不知道她是否準(zhǔn)備在會(huì)上發(fā)言。 三、過去將來時(shí)的其它用法 過去將來時(shí)主要用于表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，即有的書上所說的單純地表示“將來”。上面六點(diǎn)講的都是這種用法。但是，過去將來時(shí)中 would 有個(gè)特別的用法，它可以用來表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，相當(dāng)于中文的“總是”。此時(shí)，不管什么人稱，一律用would。 例如： This door wouldn''t open. 這扇門老是打不開。  Whenever he had time, he would do some readi

9、ng. 他一有時(shí)間，總是看書。 I would play with him when was a child. 當(dāng)我還是孩童時(shí)，總是和他一起玩。 二、過去將來時(shí)的表達(dá)法（一）“would+動(dòng)詞原形”。常表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。例如He said he would come to see me.他說他要來看我。He told me he would go to Beijing.他告訴我他將去北京。（二）“was/ were+going to+動(dòng)詞原形”。?？捎脕肀硎景从?jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。例如：She said she was going to start off at onc

10、e.她說她將立即出發(fā)。I was told that he was going to return home.有人告訴我他準(zhǔn)備回家。此結(jié)構(gòu)還可表示根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)情況判斷有可能但不一定會(huì)發(fā)生某事。例如：It seemed as if it was going to rain.看來好像要下雨。（三）come， go， leave， arrive， start等動(dòng)詞可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。例如：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.他說火車將于第二天早晨六點(diǎn)離開。She told me she was coming to see

11、me.她告訴我她要來看我。（四）條件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句中須用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。例如：I didnt know when she would come， but when she came I would let you know.我不知道她什么時(shí)候來，但她來了我會(huì)告訴你。The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didnt work hard.老師說，如果我不努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，就很難取得進(jìn)步。I. 選擇填空(   )1. What did your son say i

12、n the letter?            He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day.         A. will visit             B. has visited    &

13、#160;            C. is going to visit   D. would visit(   )2. I hoped Tina _ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.          A. to come  B. is coming   

14、60;    C. will come  D. was coming(   )3. Father said that he _ me to Beijing the next year.           A. took   B. would take         C. takes   D. w

15、ill take(   )4. We were not sure whether they _ more vegetables.            A. are going to grow  B. were going to grow          C. will grow         

16、      D. have grown(   )5. She _ to work when the telephone rang.         A. is going     B. will go               C. was about to go  D.

17、60; is to goII. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Miss Zhang said she _(visit) the Great Wall next summer.2. She told him that she _(not stay) here for long. 3. I wasnt sure whether Lucy_(come) the next year. 4. The scientists said the worlds population _ (slow) down in future.       

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