精品中考考點(diǎn)之動(dòng)詞不定式

1、 中考考點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞不定式）動(dòng)詞不定式即to do ，其否定形式是not to do；不定式?jīng)]有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。1. 動(dòng)詞不定式用作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),常用代詞it 來(lái)代替不定式結(jié)構(gòu),這時(shí) it 被稱(chēng)為形式主語(yǔ),而作為句子真正主語(yǔ)的不定式則被后置，往往放v.和adj.之后.e.g. To learn English well is not easy. = Its not easy to learn English well. Its adj. （for sb.) to do sth. 當(dāng)形容詞是careful, clever, kind, nice, good, right, wrong

2、等與人有關(guān)的“贊美”或“批評(píng)”時(shí)用of.如：Its kind of you to help me.相關(guān)句型：Its time to do sth.Its ones duty to do sthIts ones turn to do sth It takes sb some time to do sthIt costs sb some money to do sth2.動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)一：動(dòng)詞 + to do I want to buy a computer. She hopes to find a better job.I wish to go with you.歸納：want ,hope

3、 ,wish,learn ,agree plan , decide ,refuse,begin ,start to do sthtry, forget ,remember , like ,stop擴(kuò)展：只能跟ving 的動(dòng)詞：finish, enjoy, mind, keep(on), practise, feel like(want), be busy，give up, look forward to，cant help doing,比較：begin ,start , like ,hate, prefer to do 一次性、習(xí)慣性，doing持續(xù)性、長(zhǎng)期性try, forget , rem

4、ember , stop to do sth/doing結(jié)構(gòu)二：動(dòng)詞+疑問(wèn)詞+to do在一些動(dòng)詞之后，可以在連接代詞（what,who,which）或連接副詞（how,when,where）及連詞whether后面接一個(gè)帶to的不定式，我們可以將這種結(jié)構(gòu)看成是連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)略形式。事實(shí)上，這些連詞都是由相應(yīng)的疑問(wèn)詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的，其中whether對(duì)應(yīng)于一般疑問(wèn)句。如：I ask who to invite.(=who I should invite)I dont know whether to answer his letter.Show me what to do.此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：as

5、k,consider,decide,forget,find out,imagine,know,learn,remember,see,tell,teach,think,understand3.用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：v. + 名詞/代詞 + to doShe asked me to help her.The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write.歸納：動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)通常用于want, wish, ask, order, tell, help, advise, allow, cause,

6、force等詞后 注意：作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不帶to 的情況：Let me do it.I saw him cross the street.常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有：使役動(dòng)詞: let, make, have sb do sth感官動(dòng)詞: see, watch, hear, feel, notice sb do/doing sth此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)需加to:make sb do sth. sb be made to do sth. 比較： I heard her singing in the next room. I heard her sing in the next room. 4. 用作定語(yǔ)（應(yīng)放在被修飾

7、詞之后，這時(shí)不定式與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。若是不及物動(dòng)詞，介詞不能省略）He is the best man to choose.They have much food to eat.I dont have a pen to write with。5. 用作狀語(yǔ)(adverbial)：不定式作狀語(yǔ)一般表示目的，原因或結(jié)果Im sorry to hear that. 原因I went there to see my teacher. 目的She came back to get her English book.目的The boy was too frightened to move. 結(jié)果目的狀

8、語(yǔ)Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat.To be happy, we must not be too concerned with others.可用in order to do來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)目的狀語(yǔ)，另：不定式當(dāng)目狀時(shí)，否定形式為in order not to do結(jié)構(gòu)狀語(yǔ)Enough to doToo.to do6.疑問(wèn)詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)（who/what/which/where/when/how）在句中可做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等。When to start has not been dec

9、ided. 主I dont know what to do. 賓He can tell you where to get the book. 賓補(bǔ)7. 動(dòng)詞不定式的特殊句型a) too. to. 表示“太以至于不(能)”。 The boy is too young to look after himself. b) . enough. to. 表示“足以”。 He is old enough to go to school.c) Why not +不帶to的不定式 Why not go there with me?d) had better+(not)+不帶to的不定式 Youd better

10、 not go there at night.e) Will you please +不帶to的不定式 Will you please close the door?f)形式賓語(yǔ)itfind it+adj+to do = find (that) it is to do. feel it+adj to do = think (that) it is adj+to do sth.中考題庫(kù)11動(dòng)詞不定式1. (2009·無(wú)錫中考) Hell use what he has _ her a new dress.A. bought B. to buy C. buying D. been bou

11、ght 【解析】選B2. (2009·宿遷中考) Mum, can I have something _?Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is _ in the kitchen.A. to drink; nothing else B. drinking; something elseC. to eat; something else D. eating; nothing else【解析】選A。不定式作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞時(shí)要放在后面，先排除B、D二項(xiàng)；由關(guān)鍵信息“You can only drink some water.”

12、可舍C選A。3. (2009·揚(yáng)州中考) -_ more about tomorrows weather, call 121.-OK, I will. Thank you.A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known【解析】選C4. (2009·綿陽(yáng)中考) Please dont forget _ the room while I am away in Beijing.A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned D. cleaning 【解析】選B。forget to do sth.表示“忘記將要做某事”，而forget

13、doing sth.表示“忘記做過(guò)某事”，結(jié)合題意“當(dāng)我離開(kāi)去北京時(shí)不要忘記打掃房子”可排除A、C、D三項(xiàng)，選B。5. (2009·孝感中考) We must do everything we can _ waste water from running into rivers. A. keep B. kept C. to keep D. keeping 【解析】選C6. (2009·通化中考) The woman made his son _ finally after she told him some jokes.A. laughed B. to laughC. la

14、ughD. laughing【解析】選C。make sb. do sth.表示“使某人做某事”，do為省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，故正確答案為C。7. (2009·瀘州中考) Mum knows make a banana milk shake.A. how B. what toC. how to【解析】選C8. (2009·河北中考) More and more young people are trying to do something _ the old.A. served B. to serve C. serve D. serves【解析】選B。結(jié)合題意“越來(lái)越多的年輕

15、人正盡力做為老年人服務(wù)的事情”可知要用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，故排除A、C、D三項(xiàng)，選B。9. (2009·天水中考) Shall we go shopping?-Sorry, I have lots of homework _.A. do B. to do C. doing D. does【解析】選B10. (2009·北京中考) The teacher asked Ben _ a difficult question in class.A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered【解析】選C。11. (2009·河南

16、中考) -Have you made up your mind the sick kids?-By singing songs.A. what to tell B. how to cheer up C. when to help D. where to look after【解析】選B。12. (2009·廣東中考) Dont you think _ important to protect our earth?A. that B. how C. it D. this【解析】選C。13. (2009·廣東中考) She was supposed _ in hospital,

17、 but people found her in the office.A. to lie B. lying C. lie D. lies【解析】選A。be supposed to do sth.表示“應(yīng)該做某事”，由關(guān)鍵信息was supposed可排除B、C、D三項(xiàng)，故選A。 14. (2009·濟(jì)南中考) Its a good habit _ a walk after dinner.A. to come B. to be C. to take D. to go【解析】選C15. (2009·廣東中考) Lets _ play in the street. Father

18、 tells me _ do so.A. not to, not to B. not, not toC. dont, to notD. not to, dont【解析】選B。16. (2008·揚(yáng)州中考) -Its raining hard outside. Youd better _.-OK.A. to go out B. going out C. not to go out D. not go out【解析】選D。17. (2008·茂名中考) She was surprised _ me last night.A. to see B. see C. saw【解析】選A

19、。be surprised to do sth.表示“很驚訝做某事”。18. (2008·貴陽(yáng)中考) “Its cold outside.” “Why _ stay at home?”A. not you B. not to C. not【解析】選C。why not后面接動(dòng)詞原形，即省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式。19. (2008·江西中考) _ more information about the trip, you can go to www. J.A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found【解析】選C。20. (2008·南通中考)

20、 -Mary was heard _ just now. What happened?-John was telling a joke.A. cry B. to cry C. laugh D. to laugh【解析】選D。hear sb. do sth.句式的被動(dòng)形式為be heard to do sth.，結(jié)合題意可舍B選D。21. (2008·貴陽(yáng)中考) “What are you going to do this weekend?” “Id like _ my parents.”A. to visit B. visit C. visiting【解析】選A。Id like后接帶

21、to的動(dòng)詞不定式。故選A。22. (2008·蘭州中考) He preferred _ rather than _ TV.A. reading, watch B. reading, to watchC. to read, watching D. to read, watch 【解析】選D。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.表示“寧愿做某事，也不做某事”。23. (2008·資陽(yáng)中考) The house is too small for his family _.A. to live in B. living in C. live i

22、n D. lives in【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，live是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要加介詞in。24. (2008·揚(yáng)州中考) Some children are arguing about what TV programmes _.A. watching B. for watching C. to watch D. will watch【解析】選C25. (2008·北京中考) -My brothers ill in hospital.-Im sorry _ that.A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear【解析】選D。

23、be sorry to do sth.表示“為了做某事而難過(guò)”。由題意應(yīng)選D。28. (2007·樂(lè)山中考) In order _ the world a friendly place. One must show a friendly face. A. makes B. making C. to make D. make【解析】選C。29. (2007·臨沂中考) A businessman from Zhejiang Province plans _ the first Chinese space tourist by paying $200,000 _ the 3.5

24、-hour ride at the end of 2008. A. become, to take B. become, take C. to become, take D. to become, to take【解析】選D30. (2007·南京中考) -What about playing football this afternoon, Sam?-I would rather _ at home than _ football. Its too hot outside.A. stay, playing B. stay, play C. to stay, to play D. t

25、o stay, playing【解析】選B。would rather do sth. than do sth.表示“寧愿做而不愿做”，其中would rather和than后面都要接動(dòng)詞原形，分析比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知正確答案為B。重慶十年中考（動(dòng)詞不定式）（2013）C( )34. Daddy , can you come home for supper with us this weekend? _, but I might be a little late.A. Im busyB. Hard to sayC. Of courseD. never mindD( )38. He lost his

26、key. It made him _ in the cold to wait for his wifes return. A. to stayB. stayedC. stays D. stay源D( )40. Dont be nervous whenever you have a test. _ .A. Youd better notB. Please dontC. Yes, Id love toD. Well , I wont71.I feel like going for a walk this afternoon .（改為同義句）P11 I want to go for a walk t

27、his afternoon.（2012）C22. Reading morn helps learn better. A. we B. our C. us D. oursC26. Mr. Li asks the students in the river, because it's too dangerous. A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not swimA35. You don't have to worry about me. I'm old enough to myself. A. look after B. lo

28、ok for C. look up D. look at71. I often borrow a dictionary from Bruce. (改為同義句) Bruce often LENDS his dictionary TO me.（2011）C( )33. We dont know _ it next. Lets go and ask Mr. Li.A. what to doB. to do whatC. whether to doD. to do whetherC( )40. Its very hot here. Why not _ your coat? A. put onB. tr

29、y onC. take offD. turn off69. I spend half an hour doing morning exercises every day. (改為同義句)It _TAKES_ me half an hour to _DO_ morning exercises every day.（2010）B26. -Are you good at history, Rose? -_. But I will try to study it well this term. A. Thats all right B. Not very good C. No problem D. Q

30、uite wellD32. James, Im too tired. Lets stop _ a rest. A. having B. have C. to having D. to haveA34. -Look! Its raining heavily. _ take a raincoat with you? -Well, Ill take one right now. A. Why not B. Why dont C. Would you mind D. Would you likeB40. -Steven, could you help me _ when the plane will

31、take off on the Internet? -Im sorry, my computer doesnt work. A. get on B. find out C. look for D. look after（2009）D29. Youd better _ too much time playing computer games.A. dont spend B. not to spend C. to not spend D. not spendB37. They had to _ the 800-meter race because of the bad weather. A. pu

32、t on B. put off C. get on D. get upC40. All of us find _ necessary to take exercise every day. A. this B. that C. it D. themC41. -Im too nervous to give a talk before so many people. - _, Maria. You can do it. A. Thats true B. With pleasure C. Come on D. Youre right71. 讓我們到鄉(xiāng)村去幫助孩子們學(xué)習(xí)。(完成譯句) Lets go

33、to the countryside to HELP the kids _WITH_ the their study.（2008）B. Whats your plan for the summer holidays? Ive no idea, but Ive decided _ at home and have a good rest first.A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. stayingD30. During the Spring Festival, the heavy snow stopped many people from _A. go B. goe

34、s C. wentD. going70. Little Jim is only five years old. He cant make model planes by himself. （合并為一句) Little Jim is _TOO_ young _TO_ make model planes by himself.（2007）C22Many sportsmen are getting ready _ the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Ato Bwith Cfor DonC28- Linda，I am very thirsty. - Lets go to t

35、he nearest supermarket _ some drink, OK? Abuy Bbought C. to buy D. buyingB37Remember to_ the lights when you leave your classroomAturn on Bturn off Cturn up D. turn downB40(課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)考生做)- Why not _ music club?- Im sorryI cant sing or danceAto join Bjoin Cjoining Dto join in (非課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)考生做)- Would you mind _ my pet dog when I am out?- Sorry, I cantI have to study for my test this weekAtake cave of Btaking care of Cto take care of Dtaking careC41(課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)考生做) - The TV show Home with Kids is so wonderfulYou shouldnt miss it.- If I have timeI _ it.Asee Bsaw Cwill see Dhave seen (非課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)考生做)- What a hard li