高中英語(yǔ)新課標(biāo)人教必修四二單元詞匯

1、1. struggle vi.&n.斗爭(zhēng)；拼搏；努力典例 1). They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他們掙扎著從燒著的車(chē)?yán)锿馀馈?). The book is about their struggle for liberation. 這本書(shū)寫(xiě)的是他們?yōu)榻夥哦鞯亩窢?zhēng)。詞語(yǔ)歸納struggle for 為而斗爭(zhēng)struggle with / against與作斗爭(zhēng)struggle to do sth.努力做某事straggle to one s feet掙扎著站起來(lái)a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗

2、練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). They are _ (為而斗爭(zhēng)) the position2). They struggled all through the years _ us _ the Japanese.(介詞)3). The fox struggled _ (escape).4). He _ _ _ _ (掙扎著站起來(lái)) and dragged slowly ahead.Keys: 1). struggling for 2). with; against 3). to escape 4). struggled to his feet2. equip vt.&vi. 配備；裝

3、備 equipment n.u 裝備；設(shè)備典例1). They equipped themselves for the expedition. 他們?yōu)檫h(yuǎn)征治裝。2). A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用終生。重點(diǎn)用法equip sb./sth. with 用武裝某人；用裝備某物 equip sb./sth. for 為而武裝某人；為而裝備某物 a piece of office equipment 一件辦公設(shè)備練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). The soldiers were well _ _ (裝備好了) weapons

4、. 2). We must equip young teachers _ _ _ (對(duì)付) difficult children. 3). This library is equipped _ (介詞) atomic research.4). Our classroom _ _ _ (裝備有) a computer and a tape recorder.Keys: 1). equipped with 2). to deal with 3). for 4). is equipped with 3. regret (regretted) vt. (對(duì))遺憾；惋惜 n.c,u 遺憾；惋惜典例1).

5、 If you go now, you ll regret it. 假若你現(xiàn)在就走, 一定得後悔。2). I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉, 那個(gè)工作已經(jīng)有人做了。重點(diǎn)用法regret to say/tell/announce/inform 遺憾地說(shuō)/告訴/宣布/通知 regret doing / having done sth. 后悔已做了某事 regret that 遺憾/后悔練習(xí) 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空或翻譯。1). I now regret _ (leave) school so young.2). _ _ _ _(非常

6、抱歉), I am unable to accept your invitation.3). I regret _ (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed. Keys: 1). leaving / having done 2). Much to my regret/To my great regret 3). to inform 4. reduce vt.&vi. 減少；減縮 reduction n.縮減，減少，降低 典例1). He reduced his weight from 98 to 92 kilos/by 6

7、kilos. 他把體重從98公斤減少到92公斤。2). The reform has reduced us to servants of the State. 這一改革把我們都降為公務(wù)員了。重點(diǎn)用法reduce sth (from.) to. 把某物從減少到 reduce sth. by. 減少多少練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思填入正確的介詞。1). We must reduce our expenses _ 300 yuan a month. 2). Their output has been reduced _ 10 percent.3). He reduced his weight _ 6 kilo

8、s.Keys: 1). to 2). by 3). by 5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦 n. c,u 焦點(diǎn)；中心點(diǎn) 典例1). Focus your camera. 把照相機(jī)的焦距調(diào)準(zhǔn)。2). Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她長(zhǎng)得漂亮, 很惹人注目。重點(diǎn)用法focus on集中于focus (one s attention/mind/efforts) on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于 練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). The focus of recent research has been _ (介詞

9、) environmental issues. 2). All eyes _ _ (集中于) her.3). They focused their mind on _ (do) the experiment. Keys: 1). on 2). focussed on 3). doingment vi.&vt. 表達(dá)意見(jiàn)；作出評(píng)論 n. c, u 評(píng)論；議論 典例1). The scandal caused a lot of comment. 這件丑聞遭到很多議論。2). “Will you resign, Minister?” “No comment!”“部長(zhǎng)，你是要辭職嗎?”“無(wú)可奉

10、告。”重點(diǎn)用法comment on/about sth./sb. 對(duì)某事/某人評(píng)論make comments/no comment on sth./sb. 對(duì)某事/某人評(píng)論/不進(jìn)行評(píng)論練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). Have you any comment(s) _ (make) on the recent developments? 2). Asked about the date of the election, the Prime Minister _ _ (發(fā)表意見(jiàn)) no decision had yet been made. 3). She was asked about the

11、pay increase but _ _ _ (不進(jìn)行評(píng)論) on it.Keys: 1). to make 2). commented that 3). made no comment V 重點(diǎn)詞組 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）1. thanks to 幸虧；由于；因?yàn)?(有時(shí)作反語(yǔ)) 典例1). Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多虧你的幫助, 減少了許多麻煩。2). Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多虧這個(gè)倒霉天氣, 比賽取消了。重點(diǎn)用法thanks

12、to 相當(dāng)于because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account of /as a result of 如：1). He was injured due to /owing to a car accident. 2). His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience. 3). The train arrived late on account of /as a result of a heavy snow. 4). Thanks to him, I m getting better

13、 and better . 5). It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game . 練習(xí) 翻譯句子。 1). 多虧了新的政策，我們現(xiàn)在過(guò)著幸福的生活。_ 2). 多虧了他的忠告我才得以成功。(用強(qiáng)調(diào)句) _3). 由于交通堵塞我遲到了。_Keys: 1). Thanks to the new policy, we are now having a happy life.2). It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.3). I was late thanks to the traf

14、fic jam. 2. rid sb./sth. of. 使某人/某物擺脫 典例1). Many people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饑荒。2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科醫(yī)生把他的壞牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。 重點(diǎn)用法 rid 短語(yǔ)：be rid of 擺脫 get rid of 擺脫；除掉；去掉rid a house of mice 清除室內(nèi)老鼠rid oneself of debt 還清債務(wù)類(lèi)似用法動(dòng)

15、詞inform/ warn/ cure sb. of 通知/警告/治愈某人練習(xí) 翻譯填空。1). He struggled to _ _ _ (使自己擺脫) his guilt.2). The proposals are an attempt to _ _ _ (使國(guó)家清除) political corruption.3). He was a boring nuisance! I m glad to _ _ _ (擺脫他的糾纏) him.4). I still can t _ _ _ (擺脫) my cold.5). The sales manager asked his men to _ _

16、 _ (通知) everything concerning the sales in time.6). The passengers _ _ _ (警告) the danger of unsteady landing. Keys: 1). rid himself of 2). rid the country of 3). be rid of 4). get rid of 5). inform him of 6). are warned of3. be satisfied with = be content with 對(duì)表示滿(mǎn)足或滿(mǎn)意典例1). I was not satisfied with

17、the result. 我對(duì)那個(gè)結(jié)果感到不滿(mǎn)意。2). Youve done well at school. Im very satisfied with you. 你在學(xué)校干得不錯(cuò)，我對(duì)你很滿(mǎn)意。重點(diǎn)用法sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人滿(mǎn)意sb. is satisfied sth. 對(duì)表示滿(mǎn)足或滿(mǎn)意be satisfied to do 對(duì)做感到滿(mǎn)意be satisfied that clause 對(duì)做感到滿(mǎn)意a satisfied smile 滿(mǎn)意的微笑a satisfied customer 感到滿(mǎn)意的顧客feel a sense of satisfaction感到滿(mǎn)足感to

18、sb s / sth s satisfaction 使某人滿(mǎn)意的是far from satisfactory 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿(mǎn)足it is satisfying (to do sth) 做某事是令人滿(mǎn)意的a satisfactory explanation / performance令人滿(mǎn)意的解釋/演出get/obtain/derive satisfaction from one s work 從自己的工作中得到滿(mǎn)足練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思用satisfy 的適當(dāng)形式填空。1). I am not _ (satisfy) with your work. You must improve it. 2).

19、 The result doesn t _ (satisfy) me. 3). What he has done is far from _ (satisfy).4). He hung up the phone, _ (satisfy) with a smile on his face.5). It can be very _ (satisfy) to work in the garden.6). Finance officials expressed _ (satisfy) with the recovery of the dollar.Keys: 1). satisfied 2). sat

20、isfy 3). satisfactory 4). satisfied 5). satisfying 6). satisfaction4. would rather 寧愿典例1). I d rather walk than take a bus. 我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽車(chē)。2). “Some more wine?” “Thank you, I d rather not. I have to drive home.”“再來(lái)一點(diǎn)酒好嗎?”“不要了，我不能再喝了。 我還得開(kāi)車(chē)回家呢。”重點(diǎn)用法would rather do A (than do B) = would (prefer to) do

21、 A (rather than do B) 寧愿做甲事(而不做乙事) would rather sb. did sth.寧愿某人做某事練習(xí) 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空或翻譯。1). I would rather you _ (know) now, than afterwards.2). Rather than _ (ride) on a crowded bus, I prefer _ (walk). 3). 她寧可死也不愿失去孩子們。_Keys: 1). knew 2). ride; to walk 3). She d rather die than lose the children. 5. b

22、uild up 逐漸建立；逐漸增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)；積累；開(kāi)發(fā)典例1). You need more protein to build you up. 你需要增加蛋白質(zhì)以增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)。2). He is now trying to build up a fine reputation. 他正在努力逐步贏得好的聲譽(yù)。練習(xí) 翻譯填空。1). Slowly a thick layer of fat _ _ (越聚越多) on the pan s surface.2). Exercise will help _ _ (增強(qiáng)) the muscles. 3). They have finally _ _ (建立) a

23、big company.Keys: 1). builds up 2). build up 3). built up 6. lead to 導(dǎo)致；造成（后果）；通往典例 1). This misprint led to great confusion. 這個(gè)印刷錯(cuò)誤造成很大的混淆。2). His actions could lead to him losing his job. 他的行為有可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致他丟了工作。短語(yǔ)歸納 lead短語(yǔ)：lead sb. to 把某人帶到lead sb. to do sth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事 lead sb. in doing sth. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)/帶領(lǐng)某人做某事 lead to sb. doing sth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思填空或按要求填空。1). The events _ _ the start of the First World War.2).What led him _ (kill) his wife? 3). He had led everyone _ (believe) that his family was very wealthy.4). Our r