(revised)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法。一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法。二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測。二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測。三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在虛擬語氣中的用法。三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在虛擬語氣中的用法。 can/could表示能力。表示能力。表示請求和許可（表示請求和許可（couldcould的語氣更加委婉）的語氣更加委婉）表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度（主要用于否定句、表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度（主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。疑問句或感嘆句中。) )Some of us _ use the computer now, but we _3 years ago.What on earth _ this mean?How _ you be s

2、o careless?_ I go now? Yes, you _.He said I _ use his pen.cancouldntcancanCould/Cancancouldcancan表示能力時(shí)，還可用表示能力時(shí)，還可用be able tobe able to代替。但代替。但be able to be able to 可用更多的時(shí)態(tài)。如：可用更多的時(shí)態(tài)。如：I_ come this afternoon.另外，當(dāng)我們要表示已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了的某一次具體的能力另外，當(dāng)我們要表示已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了的某一次具體的能力時(shí)，應(yīng)用時(shí)，應(yīng)用“was / were able to”,而不能用而不能用 “could”。

3、其意。其意思思相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于 “succeed in doing 或或manage to do”I _ swim across the river when I was ten.He _ go to the party yesterday evening and he enjoyed himself very much.will be able towas able towas able to2. may/might 表示請求、許可。表示請求、許可。might比比may的語氣委婉。的語氣委婉。_ I watch TV after supper?Yes, _. No, _. /_/ _.用于感嘆句

4、中，表示祝愿。用于感嘆句中，表示祝愿。祝你成功！祝你成功！_!Mayyou mayyou mustntyou may notYoud better notMay you succeed3. must “必須；應(yīng)該必須；應(yīng)該”The work _ be finished before 5:00p.m. Must I hand in my homework now. Yes, _. No, _/_.I _ be off now.My baby is at home. I _ go now.must 著重主觀看法，而著重主觀看法，而have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要“不得不得不不”。mustyo

5、u mustyou needntyou dont have tomusthave to4. ought to / should “應(yīng)該應(yīng)該” 表示建議、勸告。表示建議、勸告。You _ follow your fathers advice._ she _ go?Yes, I think _.他不應(yīng)該獨(dú)自去那里。他不應(yīng)該獨(dú)自去那里。He _ go there by himself.should 還可表示推測，期待，還可表示推測，期待，“按理應(yīng)該；估計(jì)按理應(yīng)該；估計(jì)”。If he started at six, he _ be here now.should /ought tooughttoshe

6、 ought toshouldnt /oughtnt toshould5. shall 用于第一、三人稱疑問句中，征求對方意見。用于第一、三人稱疑問句中，征求對方意見。用于第二、三人稱陳述句中，表說話人的意愿，如用于第二、三人稱陳述句中，表說話人的意愿，如“命命令、允諾、警告、威脅令、允諾、警告、威脅”等。等。You shall get a new computer if you pass the final exam.Where shall she wait for you?Shall I open the door?You shall be sorry for it.You shall s

7、tay here. Dont move. 允諾允諾 警告警告 命令命令6. will/would用于各種人稱，用于各種人稱，“意愿、決心意愿、決心”用于第二人稱疑問句中，表請求、建議、征求意見。用于第二人稱疑問句中，表請求、建議、征求意見。would 比比will更委婉客氣。更委婉客氣。表示趨向、經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。表示趨向、經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。_ you go with me?_ you wait for me here?OK. I _.We _ never do it again.He said he _ help us.Fish _ die without water.S

8、he _ sit behind the window curtain reading when her aunt was out.Will Wouldwill will would will would 7. need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：只用于疑問句和否定句中，后接作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：只用于疑問句和否定句中，后接V.V.原形，原形，無無s s和和-ed-ed形式。形式。作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：后接作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：后接to doto do，有，有-s -s和和-ed-ed形式。形式。need doing = need to be doneneed doing = need to be done他沒有必要這么早來。他沒有必要這么

9、早來。He_ (not come) so early.= He_ so early.A: Need I finish the work today?B: Yes, you _ .He _ finish it this evening.The floor need . = The floor need .neednt comeneeds tomustdoesnt need to comecleaningto be cleaned8. dare：(用法同用法同need)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：只用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中，后接作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：只用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中，后接V.V.原形；無原形；無s s和和

10、-ed-ed形式。形式。作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：后接作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：后接to doto do，但在否定句中，但在否定句中“to”to”可以省可以省略；有略；有-s -s和和-ed-ed形式。形式。If you _ (say) that again, Ill beat you.你怎么敢說我不公平！你怎么敢說我不公平！How _Im unfair?我敢游過這條河。我敢游過這條河。I _ across this river.他不敢接電話。他不敢接電話。He _ _ answer the telephone.dare saydare you saydare to swimdoesnt dare (to)must ,

11、can/could, may/might 的用法的用法must1.must 表示推測時(shí)，表示推測時(shí)， 只能用于肯定句。只能用于肯定句。這個(gè)電腦肯定出了問題。這個(gè)電腦肯定出了問題。There must be something wrong with the computer.你努力學(xué)了一整天，你努力學(xué)了一整天， 一定累了吧一定累了吧You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.2.must +be doing/do 表示對表示對現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行肯定推測進(jìn)行肯定推測 他現(xiàn)在一定在看小說他現(xiàn)在一定在看小說He must be reading

12、novels now.他們買了一輛新車。他們買了一輛新車。 他們一定很有錢他們一定很有錢They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money.3.must +have done 表示對表示對過去發(fā)生的事情過去發(fā)生的事情作出的肯定作出的肯定判斷判斷他們在玩籃球，他們在玩籃球， 他們一定完成了作業(yè)。他們一定完成了作業(yè)。They are playing basketball. They must have finished their homework.路是濕的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。路是濕的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。The road is w

13、et. It must have rained last night.cancan 表示推測時(shí)，只能用在表示推測時(shí)，只能用在否定句或疑問句中否定句或疑問句中。Its so late. Can Tom be reading?這么晚了，湯姆還在看書嗎？這么晚了，湯姆還在看書嗎？這個(gè)人不可能是瑪麗，這個(gè)人不可能是瑪麗， 她生病了。她生病了。It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill.may/might/could1.may/might表示推測時(shí)，只能用于陳述句，表示對現(xiàn)表示推測時(shí)，只能用于陳述句，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪l(fā)生的動(dòng)作把握不大。在或?qū)硪l(fā)生的動(dòng)作把握不大。她們明天

14、可能會(huì)到這里來。她們明天可能會(huì)到這里來。They may come here tomorrow.他們可能還在等我們呢。他們可能還在等我們呢。They may be still waiting for us.2.might /could可用于可用于指過去的行為或者表示可能性更指過去的行為或者表示可能性更小小。他也許在作功課吧。他也許在作功課吧。He might be doing his homework now.3.might/may have done,表示對表示對過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行進(jìn)行可能性推測，可能性推測， 他可能去醫(yī)務(wù)室了。他可能去醫(yī)務(wù)室了。He may have gone

15、 to the clinic.他可能已經(jīng)從報(bào)紙上知道這個(gè)消息了。他可能已經(jīng)從報(bào)紙上知道這個(gè)消息了。He might have read about the news in the newspaper.表示推測表示推測情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法.肯定的推測肯定的推測可能的推測可能的推測否定的推測否定的推測疑問的推測疑問的推測must do be doing have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may, mightcould cant, couldntcan, could現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膶淼膭?dòng)作或動(dòng)作或事實(shí)事實(shí)正在進(jìn)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)行的動(dòng)作作發(fā)生在發(fā)生在過去或過去或已經(jīng)完已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)成的動(dòng)

16、作作can/ couldmay/might/couldmustdobe doinghave done 現(xiàn)在或?qū)憩F(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭?dòng)作或事實(shí)的動(dòng)作或事實(shí)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去或已完成或已完成“可能可能”用于否用于否定、疑定、疑問的猜問的猜測。測?！翱赡芸赡堋闭Z氣不語氣不肯定?？隙ā！耙欢ㄒ欢ā闭Z氣最語氣最肯定，肯定，只用于只用于肯定的肯定的猜測。猜測。正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作A: Li Ping, someone is waiting for you at the school gate. Who _ it be?B: It _ be the headmaster.A: It _ be h

17、im. He has gone to Beijing.B: It _ be Mr. Li. He looks like the headmaster.The ground is wet. It _ (rain) last night.The ground is dry. It _ (rain) last night.A: Is John coming by train?B: He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.Put on more clothes. You _ be feeling cold with only a shirt

18、on.I havent received the letter. It _ (send) to the wrong address.can may cantmustmust have rainedcant have rainedmay mustmust have been sentTom is late again. He _(一定還在睡覺一定還在睡覺) now.Can you smell something strange? Someone _(可能在抽煙可能在抽煙).Jerry _ (不可能在看電視不可能在看電視). He _(可能在打電腦游戲可能在打電腦游戲).must be sleep

19、ingmay be smokingcant be watching TVmay be playing computer gamescould have doneshould have doneshouldnt have doneought to have doneought not to have doneneednt have donewould like to have done本來本來可以可以做某事而事實(shí)上沒有做做某事而事實(shí)上沒有做本來本來應(yīng)該應(yīng)該做某事而事實(shí)上沒有做做某事而事實(shí)上沒有做本來本來不應(yīng)該不應(yīng)該做某事而事實(shí)上做了做某事而事實(shí)上做了本來本來應(yīng)該應(yīng)該做某事而事實(shí)上沒有做做某事而事實(shí)上沒有做本來本來不應(yīng)該不應(yīng)該做某事而事實(shí)上做了做某事而事實(shí)上做了本來本來不必不必做某事而事實(shí)上做了做某事而事實(shí)上做了本來本來想想做某事而事實(shí)上沒有做做某事而事實(shí)上沒有做You _(本來可以做得更好本來可以做得更好), but you didnt try your best.You _ (water) the flowers, for it is going to rain.S