初中英語定語從句用法

1、初中英語定語從句用法初中英語定語從句用法1. 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句在復(fù)合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞(先行詞)的從句叫做定語從句。定語從句要放在先行詞的后面，對先行詞起修飾限定作用。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(包括它的賓格whom, 所有格whose)和關(guān)系副詞where, when, how, why。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間起聯(lián)系作用，同時又作定語從句的一個成分。用 法例 句that在從句中作主語或賓語指物A shake is an animal that lives in the sea.(作主語) The moon cake that mo

2、ther cooked tastes nice.(作賓語)指人Who is the man that is reading a newspaper there(作主語)The man that I was talking with last night was very tall.(作賓語) which在從句中作主語或賓語指物The silk which is produced in Suzhou sales well.(作主語) The songs which the singer sang were very popular.(作賓語) “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句物或人I have a

3、 lot of books, most of which are in English. which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句物或人The boy didnt study hard, which made his mother angry.who, whom在從句中分別作主語和賓語，whose在從句中作定語指人The student who sits on my left is an American.(作主語) The person who you just talked to is our headmaster.(作賓語) I know the woman whose daughter stud

4、ies abroad.(作定語) 注意：在從句中作介詞賓語時，介詞一般可在whom, which之前（不可放在that和who之前），也可放在原來的位置。在含介詞的固定動詞詞組中的介詞則只能放在原來的位置上The man from whom I borrowed an umbrella is a friend of mine. The girl who/whom I am looking for is my sister. The apartment that he lives in is very old. =The apartment in which he lives is very o

5、ld. when在從句中作狀語指時間Do you remember the day when he was born =Do you remember the day on which he was born where在從句中作狀語指地點This is the school where I started 3 years ago. =This is the school in which I started 3 years ago.2. 定語從句中關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況用 法例 句（1）當(dāng)先行詞是everything, anything something, nothing, none

6、, the one等不定代詞時I had to remember everything that the teacher told me. （2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞或the last修飾時He was the first person that got to the school. （3）先行詞被all, no, some, any, little, much, few等修飾時I have done all that he told us to do. He has no books that I need.（4）先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時He worked out the most diffic

7、ult problem that I had seen. （5）先行詞被the very, the only, the same修飾時It is the very book that I am looking for. （6）先行詞同時含有人和物時The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well-known. （7）先行詞是主語的標(biāo)語或關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時China is no longer the country that it used to be.典例透析例1-I hear that

8、Lilys brother is a worker here. -look, the man _ is walking over there is her brother.A. whoB. whom C. what D. which【答案】A【解析】此題考查定語從句的關(guān)系代詞。who“代替人”作主語或者賓語；whom“代替人”作賓語；what不用于賓語從句；which“代替物”作主語或者賓語。先行詞為人，在從句中作主語。故選A。例2One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou _ are often visited by foreigners i

9、s the West Slender Lake.A. whatB. whoC. thatD. /【答案】D【解析】題考查定語從句的關(guān)系代詞。句意為“被外國旅游者參觀的最著名的地方之一是瘦西湖”。先行詞是places，代替物，用關(guān)系代詞that。故選C。例3They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _ will help dog owners cool down their pets.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. whether【答案】C【解析】此題考查定語從句。which作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語，代替food。例4Thats the man _ house was destroyed in the storm.A. thatB. whoseC. whoD. which【答案】B【解析】此題考查定語從句。先行詞是the man，根據(jù)后面的house可知先行詞在后面從句中作定語，A、C、D三項都沒有此功能，應(yīng)該用whose。故選B。例5This is one of the best films _. A. that have been shown this yearB.