胡壯麟《語言學(xué)教程》(修訂版)測試題——第五章：意義

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上胡壯麟語言學(xué)教程（修訂版）測試題第五章：意義Chapter 5 Meaning15 ABDDB 610 CACDAI. Choose the best answer. (20%)1. The naming theory is advanced by _. A. Plato B. Bloomfield C. Geoffrey Leech D. Firth 2. “We shall know a word by the company it keeps.” This statement represents _. A. the conceptualist view B.

2、contexutalism C. the naming theory D. behaviorism 3. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form. B. Sense is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form. C. Sense is abstract and decontextualized. D. Sense is the aspect of

3、 meaning dictionary compilers are not interested in. 4. “Can I borrow your bike?”_ “You have a bike.”A. is synonymous with B. is inconsistent with C. entails D. presupposes 5. _ is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features. A. Predication

4、 analysis B. Componential analysis C. Phonemic analysis D. Grammatical analysis 6. “Alive” and “dead” are _. A. gradable antonyms B. relational antonymsC. complementary antonyms D. None of the above 7. _ deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of exper

5、ience. A. Reference B. Concept C. Semantics D. Sense 8. _ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form. A. Polysemy B. Synonymy C. Homonymy D. Hyponymy 9. Words that are close in meaning are called _. A. homonyms B. polysemies C. hyponyms D. synonyms 10. The gramm

6、aticality of a sentence is governed by _. A. grammatical rules B. selectional restrictionsC. semantic rules D. semantic featuresIV. Explain the following terms, using examples. (20%)31. Entailment: It is basically a semantic relation (or logical implication), and it can be clarified with the followi

7、ng sentences: a. Tom divorced Jane. b. Jane was Toms wife. In terms of truth value, the following relationships exist between these two sentences: when A is true, B must be also true; when B is false, A must also be false. When B is true, A may be true or false. Therefore we can say A entails B.32.

8、Proposition: It is the result of the abstraction of sentences, which are descriptions of states of affairs and which some writers see as a basic element of sentence meaning. For example, the two sentences “Caesar invaded Gaul” and “Gaul was invaded by Caesar” hold the same proposition.33. Compositio

9、nal analysis: It defines the meaning of a lexical element in terms of semantic components, or semantic features. For example, the meaning of the word boy may be analyzed into three components: HUMAN, YOUNG and MALE. Similarly girl may be analyzed into HUMAN, YOUNG and FEMALE.34. Reference: It is wha

10、t a linguistic form refers to in the real world; it is a matter of the relationship between the form and the reality.V. Answer the following questions. (20%)35. What are the sense relations between the following groups of words? Dogs, cats, pets, parrots; trunk, branches, tree, roots （青島海洋大學(xué)，1999） H

11、yponymy, metonymy or part-whole relationship36. What are the three kinds of antonymy? （武漢大學(xué)，2004）VI. Analyze the following situation. (20%)37. For each group of words given below, state what semantic property or properties are shared by the (a) words and the (b) words, and what semantic property or

12、properties distinguish between the classes of (a) words and (b) words. (1) a. bachelor, man, son, paperboy, pope, chief b. bull, rooster, drake, ram (2) a. table, stone, pencil, cup, house, ship, car b. milk, alcohol, rice, soup (3) a. book, temple, mountain, road, tractor b. idea, love, charity, sincerity, bravery, fear （青島海洋大學(xué)，1999） answer: (1) The (a) words and (b) words are male. The (a) words are human, while the (b) words are non-human. (2) The (a) words and (b) words are inani