大一《希臘羅馬神話》期末復(fù)習(xí)(英文)

1、希臘羅馬神話復(fù)習(xí)一 .單選（課文）10分二.判斷（課文）10分三.表格（默寫）20分GreekRomanRole in MythologyAphroditeVenusGoddess of beauty, sexual desire. (RM: goddess of gardens and fields .)ApolloApolloGod of prophecy,medicine and archery(late Greek/RM:god of sun)AresMarsGod of warArtemisDianaGoddess of the hunt(late Greek/RM:goddess

2、of moon)AsclepiusAesculapiusGod of medicineAthenaMinervaGoddess of arts and crafts and war;helper of heroes(late Greek/Rm: goddess of wisdom)CronusSarturnGod of the sky;ruler of the Titans(RM:goddess of agriculture)DemeterCeresGoddess of grainDionysusBacchusGod of wine and vegetationErosCupidGod of

3、loveGaeaTellusMother EarthHadesPlutoGod of the underworld; lord of the deadHephaestusVulcanGod of fire; blacksmith of the godsHeraJunoGoddess of marriage and childbirth;protector of married women; queen of the godsHermesMercuryMessengers of the gods; protector of travelers, thieves, and merchantsHes

4、tiaVestaGuardian of the homePoseidonNeptuneGod of the sea and earthquakesRheaOpsWife of Cronus/Sarturn;Mother GoddessUranusUranusGod of the sky; father of theTitansZeusJupiterRuler of the gods四.名詞解釋（課后）20分C1:It relates to means ambiguous.:It relates to Olympian means that some one is like a god,espe

5、cially by being calm and not concerned about ordinary things.:It relates tomeans something connected with war and fighting.:It relates tomeans a punishment that is deserved and cannot be avoided.:I t relates to means something big ,strong and powerful.C2:It relates to means someone is elegant and be

6、autiful like Juno.:It relates to means someone is watchful and alert.satyriasis :It relates to means someone that has an abnormally intense sexual desire in men.:It relates to means having feelings that change suddenly and without warning.C41 .chaotic :It relates to means messy and disorder.2 .Pando

7、ra s b:oItxrelates to Pandora. It means the root of troubles.3 .Promethean :It relates to means a person who resembles Prometheus.C6:It relates to means Sensuality, debauchery, and revelry.C71 .Midas /ass s:Iteraerlsates to means A secret that cannot be also menas someone is shallow and uninformed.2

8、 .Midas/the golden touch :It relates to means touching a stone and turning it into gold.3 .cut the Gordian knot :It relates to means solving a complex problem with a bold strike.C81 .cereal :It relates to means grains.2 .aureole :It relates to means a bright circle of light.C9s boat/ferry:It relates

9、 to means some one is going to die.the Styx :It means some one is going to die.C122.Look to ones lau:Irterleslates to means to work hard in order not to lose the achievement.3 .rest/repose/retire/sit(back)on onels: It rsellatuerse tomeans to satisfy with what youhave achieved and stop trying.4 .a No

10、ble/poet laureate :It relates to means to be a noble price winner.C131 .cupidity : It relates to means a very strong desire for something.2 .erotic :It relates to means sexual excitement.C141 .Aphrodite s gir:dItlerelates to means unlimited female sexuality.2 .adonis :It relates to means some one is

11、 a handsome young man.C161 .Narcissism:It relates to means the habit of always thinking about yourself and admiring yourself.C172 .Pygmalion effect :It relates to Pygmalion. It is a phenomenon in which the greater the expectation placed upon people ,the better they perform.C183 .atlantean :It relate

12、s to Atalanta. It means strong ,powerful and gigantic.4 .Mount one s Pegas: uItsrelates to means to write a poem.5 .a chimera in one s: bItrraeinlates to means the fantasy in one s mind.C201 .the choice of Heracles : It relates to means some one is in a dilemma.2 .Cleanse the Augean Stable :It relat

13、es to means to remove something totally.3 .Herculean effort :It relates to means great effort.C211.sow dragon s te:eItthmeans to provoke war by spreading dispute;or cultivate warriors or monster.2.a Cadmean/Pyrrhic victory :It relates to means a victory that comes at a great cost.C221.sphinx riddle

14、:It relates to means a puzzle which is very difficult to solve.C241 .the apple of discord : It means the root of the trouble and any subject of possible of contention or disagreement.2 .Achilles :hItereellates to means a weak point in something that is otherwise perfect.3 .hector : It relates to mea

15、ns to intimidate or dominate in a blustering way.4 .Achilles and Patroclus :It relates to Achilles and means male friendship, a heroic friendship.5 .Fight like a Trojan :It means to fight with great determination.6 .Sulky like Achilles in his tent : It relates to means sulky.7 .a Trojan horse :It me

16、ans the hidden danger.8 .Myrmidon : It means a faithful follower who carries out orders without question.9 .Helen of Trojan :It relates to means the root of war; a beauty who ruins her country;a terrible disaster brought by somebody or something you like best.10 . Greek gift :It means a gift with ev

17、il purpose of the enemy; a gift to murder.五簡答題20 分C11 .What did the ancient Greeks know about their worldThe Greeks believed the earth to be flat and circular,their own country occupying the middle of it,the central point being either Mount Olympus,The earth is divided into two equal parts by the th

18、e earth flowed the River Ocean.2 .To which place were mortals favored by the gods taken when they diedThe Aethiopians.3 .How did Zeus divide the rule of the world with his brotherZeus s portion was the heavens,Poseidon s the ocean and Hades s the realms of the dead.4 .How was Venus married off to Vu

19、lcanJupiter gave her to Vulcan, in gratitude for the service he had rendered in forging thunderbolts.5 .How did the Fates mete out human destinyThe three goddesses were assigned distinct task:Clotho spun the “thread ” of human fate,Lachesis dispensed it and Atropos cut it.C21 .What was Zeus usual wa

20、y of hiding his scandalsHe raised a cloud to hide some of his doings that would not bear the light and He turned the girl into an animal.2 .How did the musical instrument “panpipe ” come into beingPan fell in love with A nymph called Syrinx,who was a faithful worshipper of chased her to the bank of

21、river .With the water nymph s help,Syrinx was turned into was so sad and he made an instrument with the reeds,which called that is the panpipe.3 .How can you account for Zeus s promiscuityThe promiscuity of Zeus serves more than entertaining is out of political have a powerful ability to reproduce i

22、n order to reproduce more offspring, . For most of the people in the world flows his blood, is one of the methods can have more faithful the number of the faithful follows decide whether his regime is firm.C41 .What was the direct cause of Prometheus obtaining fire for manWhen Epimetheus created man

23、 ,he had nothing left for him.2 .What attitude toward women is shown through the story of PandoraThe story shows the ancient Greeks thought women were inferior and affiliated to men,and they were the root evil and trouble.3 .Which age of man applies to our own agePlease elaborate.I think we are in t

24、he Iron work day and night and man s character is more complex,though mixed with kindness, but more wants to rule no longer trust each people do not love each are regarded as and justice are no longer seen as the norm of conduct, but merely violence.4 .How is the first woman often described as a “ l

25、ovely evil ”How does she compare with Eve in the Book of GenesisPandora is described as a lovely evil" because she was the most beautiful and sweetest woman,but she opened box and made many evil things free.Both Pandora and Eve are are also described as the root of troubles to take the blame fo

26、r the male they were created out of differentwas created as the cost of Prometheus stealing thefire for symbolizes a great temptation and human is inferior and affiliated to the man and just like a slave and she was created to help man.5 .Why did Zeus try to withhold fire from human beingsBecause fi

27、re is a symbol for technology and civilization.A basic distinction in myth between raw & cooked and wild & civilized.As a revenge for Prometheus' earlier theft of the finest sacrificial portions.By withholding fire, Zeus makes the division of the sacrifice impracticable. The humiliation

28、of Zeu s prompted him to take the extreme measure of withholding fire from mankind, without which m an would soon be little more than animals.C61.What led to Bacchus ' wanderingsBacchus invented how to plant grapes and brew wine. He was wandering aroundand spread this kind of knowledge to bring

29、people the joy of drinking.C71.How did Midas acquire the power of turning everything to goldBecause Midas rescued Bacchus 'teacher, Slilenus, and treated him hospitably, entertaininghim for ten days and nights with an unceasing round of jollity. In return, Bacchus gave him the power of turning e

30、verything to gold.C81 .What made Hades fall in love with ProserpineAs signs of womanly beauty began to shine along side her childlike innocence, the adolescent god dess Persephone unwittingly attracted the attention of the Greek god Hades.2 .Why was Venus displeased with Athena,Diana,and ProserpineB

31、ecause she thought all of them looked down upon the power of her and her son.3 .What prevented Proserpine 's freedom from the UnderworldThree pomegranate.4 .From what aspects can the Demeter myth be interpretedChange of seasonsC91 .Where are the different ghosts conveyed in the underworldThe evi

32、l ghosts will be sent to virtuous ghosts will be sent to Elysium.2 .Describe the difference between Elysium and Tartarus and the situation of their respective inhabitantsElysium ,ruled over by Cronus, lies near Hades' s a happy land of perpetual day,without cold or snow,where games,music,and rev

33、els never cease,and where the inhabitants may elect to be reborn on earth whenever they please.In Greek mythology ,Tartarus is a deep chasm surrounded by three heavy curtain and three bronze Roman mythology,it is a vast river of is a painful place in where the Furies in it suffer a lot.C111 .How wer

34、e Atalanta and her husband changed into lionsThey forgot to pay due honor to Venus and the goddess was provoked attheir caused them to give offence to tookfrom them their human form and turned them into animals of charactersresembling their own.C122 .what was the cause of Apollo s love for DaphneCup

35、id s golden arrow struck Apollo s heart.3 .What did Peneus mean by “ Your face will forbid it ”He meant Daphne s wish would not come true because of her beautiful face.C131 .What did the oracle of Apollo say about Psyche s future husbandHe said her future husband awaited he on the top of the mountai

36、n and he was a monster whom neither gods nor men could resist.2 .What tempted Psyche to open the box she was bringing back to VenusA longing desire to put the beauty on her cheeks to become more beautiful.3 .What is the significance of the union of Cupid and PsycheLove itself is really a happy and p

37、ainful pursuit of the process,and the process of love must be ups and downs.C141 .Why did Venus advise Adonis against attacking wild animalsBecause the wild animals were dangerous and she didn t want to lose her beloved Adonis.2 .What did Venus do to commemorate her ill-fated loverShe changed his bl

38、ood into short-loved flowers and its blossom open when the wind blows.C151 .What aspect does this story show about loveThe miserable and beautiful aspect of love.C162 .What incurred Juno s anger towards EchosHer talk that contrived to detain Juno till Zeus and the nymphs madetheir escape.3 .What was

39、 Juno s punishment for herNo power to speak first.C181 .What was the cause of Perseus s adventuresPolydectes wanted an easy access to Danae and got rid of he sent Perseus to kill Medusa.2 .How was Medusa killedPerseus borrowed the shield from Minerva and winged shoes from Hermes,approached Medusa wh

40、ile she slept. He was guided by her image reflection in the bright shield and cut off her head.C191 .How did the Argonauts pass through the Clashing RocksThey went along the passage found by the dove they sent out and passed the Clashing Rocks safely.2 .What made Medea kill her own childrenThe fury

41、with jealousy and the thought to punish Jason further.C201 .How did Heracles demonstrate his prowess in his infancyHe strangled two snakes which Zeus'jealous wife Hera had sent to attack him.2 .What incident motivated the Labors of HeraclesHe was told by the Delphic Oracle to serve Eurystheus fo

42、r 12 years and win immortality by performing the labors the king imposed upon him.3 .What does the last labor of Heracles symbolizeC211 .What was the cause of Cadmus ' adventuresBecause his sister was carried away by Zeus,and his father commandedhim to go in search of his sister.C222 .How did he

43、 kill his own s fatherIn order to avoid killing his father and married his mother of, he escaped from the Collins, on the way, he killed his father by accident.3 .What do you know about the Sphinx riddleSphinx riddle is often used to describe the problems which are complex, mysterious and hard to un

44、derstand.C241 .Who presented the apple of discord and for what purposeEris was angry because she had been left out of the feast. She threw among the guest the apple of discord inscribed “ for the fairest ” to make an issue between Hera, Athena and Aphrodite.2 .Why was Paris as a baby left in the wilderness to dieBecause when her mother Hecuba was pregnant, she dreamed she was giving birth to a torch from which streamed hissing serpents and it would bring unfortunate and disasters to the kingdom.3 .Why were the former suitors of He