外研版-高中英語-B4M1-必修四-Module1-Life-in-the-Future-單詞講解-words

1、Language points1. for sure = for certain 確切地；一定；肯定確切地；一定；肯定 e.g. 1) 我明天一定打給你！我明天一定打給你！ Ill call you tomorrow for sure/ certain. 2) 你周五能來打球嗎？你周五能來打球嗎？ - 我還不能確定。我還不能確定。 - Are you coming to play on Friday? - I dont know for sure/ certain. 3) 口語中還用于表贊同，口語中還用于表贊同，“當(dāng)然可以當(dāng)然可以” - 下周一起吃午飯吧？下周一起吃午飯吧？ - 當(dāng)然可以。當(dāng)然

2、可以。 - Lets have lunch together next week. - For sure. / Sure./ Certainly. /Of course復(fù)習(xí)：復(fù)習(xí)：make sure of / that be sure/ certain to do (1)(1)表示表示“確定確定” “確信確信” of /about sth./ doing sth. of /about sth./ doing sth. that clause that clause to do to do of /about sth. of /about sth. that clause that clause

3、(2)be /feel sure of oneself (2)be /feel sure of oneself 對自己有信心對自己有信心be suremake sure2. run out與與 run out of 1) run out 用完了用完了 ( = be used up ) ,不及物詞組；其不及物詞組；其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞。主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞。 e.g.他的錢很快就花完了。他的錢很快就花完了。 His money soon ran out .= His money was soon used up. 2) run out 也有也有“流出流出 ”的意思，但不

4、可接賓語。的意思，但不可接賓語。 3) run out of “用完了用完了 ”,表示主動含義，主語一般是表示主動含義，主語一般是人。人。 e.g. 他在下個發(fā)薪日前就把錢花光了。他在下個發(fā)薪日前就把錢花光了。 He ran out of money before the next payday. = He used up his money before the next payday. 4) run out of +賓語賓語 “從從流出流出 ”，“跑出跑出”的意思的意思 My moneyMy money . I must go to the bank . I must go to the

5、bank to draw some of my savings before I have to draw some of my savings before I have done.done.A. has run out BA. has run out Bis running outis running outC. has been run out D. is being running C. has been run out D. is being running outout-Have we-Have we food?food?-Yes,-Yes, . We d better buy .

6、 We d better buy some.some.A.run out of ; we have run it outA.run out of ; we have run it outB.run out of ; our food has run outB.run out of ; our food has run outC.run out; our food has been run outC.run out; our food has been run outD.run out ;our food has run outD.run out ;our food has run outrun

7、 against 和和 (對抗對抗)；競選；競選 run after 追逐，追求追逐，追求 run away 逃跑逃跑run into sb. 遇到某人遇到某人run over 回顧，回想回顧，回想 run through 瀏覽瀏覽 run out 逃開，用完逃開，用完 run across 無意間碰到無意間碰到 in the long run 從長遠(yuǎn)的觀點看來，畢竟，終究從長遠(yuǎn)的觀點看來，畢竟，終究in the short run 從短期看來，在短期內(nèi)從短期看來，在短期內(nèi) run有關(guān)的短語：有關(guān)的短語： 3. rely on / upon sb. / sth依賴某人或某物依賴某人或某物 re

8、ly on sb. to do指望某人做某事指望某人做某事 rely on it that clause 放心放心.指望指望.e.g. 1) 現(xiàn)在人們越來越依賴計算機協(xié)助工作?，F(xiàn)在人們越來越依賴計算機協(xié)助工作。 Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help / to help us . 2) 我指望你早來。我指望你早來。 I relied on your coming early. 3) 你別指望她能說真話。你別指望她能說真話。 She cannot be relied on to tell the truth . 4)你可以放心，這項

9、工作將提前完成你可以放心，這項工作將提前完成 You can rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time. 其他類似的短語：其他類似的短語：depend on4. get rid of ( = get of ) 處理掉、去掉、擺脫處理掉、去掉、擺脫 e.g. 我們得把這些舊圖片處理掉。我們得把這些舊圖片處理掉。 We have to get rid of these old pictures . 這個年輕人決心改掉壞習(xí)慣。這個年輕人決心改掉壞習(xí)慣。 The young man made up his mind to get r

10、id of his bad habits. 擺脫：擺脫：break away from5. load huge spaceships with waste materials loadwith 用用裝滿裝滿; be loaded with 裝滿了裝滿了/結(jié)滿了結(jié)滿了/ 長滿了長滿了（沉甸甸（沉甸甸的感覺）的感覺）e.g. 農(nóng)民在卡車上裝滿了土豆。農(nóng)民在卡車上裝滿了土豆。 The peasant loaded the truck with potatoes. 馬車上全是槍支。馬車上全是槍支。 The carriage was loaded with guns. 樹上果實累累。樹上果實累累。 Th

11、e tree is loaded with fruits. Icy temperatures have damaged thousants of Icy temperatures have damaged thousants of trucks and trains trucks and trains with food, coal with food, coal and passengers in the most servere winterand passengers in the most servere winter in 50 years in southern China.in

12、50 years in southern China.A. loading; seenA. loading; seenB. loading; seeingB. loading; seeingC. loaded; sawC. loaded; sawD. loaded; seenD. loaded; seen6limit n(事物的事物的)界限；限度；極限界限；限度；極限 vt.限定；限定；限制限制歸納拓展歸納拓展(1)set a limit toput a limit on限制；對限制；對加以加以限制限制to the limit達(dá)到極點達(dá)到極點within limits適度地，有限地適度地，有限

13、地(2)limit sth.to限定；把限定；把限制在限制在limit sb.to (doing) sth.限制某人做某事限制某人做某事(3)limited adj.有限的，受限制的有限的，受限制的be limited to局限于局限于They attempt to They attempt to puput a limit on consumer t a limit on consumer waste.waste.他們試圖設(shè)定消費者的浪費限度。他們試圖設(shè)定消費者的浪費限度。No fishing is allowed within a twentyNo fishing is allowed w

14、ithin a twentymile mile limit.limit.2020英里以內(nèi)不準(zhǔn)垂釣。英里以內(nèi)不準(zhǔn)垂釣。I limit myself to three glasses of beer a day.I limit myself to three glasses of beer a day.我限制自己一天喝三杯啤酒。我限制自己一天喝三杯啤酒。The teaching of history should not be limited The teaching of history should not be limited to time and figure.to time and f

15、igure.歷史教學(xué)不能只局限于時間和人物。歷史教學(xué)不能只局限于時間和人物。7 7charge charge vt.vt.控告；指控；要價，收費；使充滿控告；指控；要價，收費；使充滿n n看管；費用；控告；掌管看管；費用；控告；掌管歸納拓展歸納拓展補充：補充：charge v.1.收費收費 charge sb some money for sth. e.g. 這俱樂部對使用場地收了我這俱樂部對使用場地收了我20元。元。 The club charged me 20 for using the courts.2. 指控某人指控某人 charge sb. with sth. e.g. 警察指控他謀

16、殺。警察指控他謀殺。 The police charged him with murder. The police charged LiTianyi with raping a girl with other four boys.3. 沖鋒，沖刺。沖鋒，沖刺。( into/ down/ around) e.g. 大卡車突然沖進(jìn)了商店。大卡車突然沖進(jìn)了商店。 The lorry suddenly charged into the shop. 4. （給（給）充電）充電 (chargeup ) e.g. 電話不充電就沒法使用。電話不充電就沒法使用。 The phone wont work if i

17、t isnt charged up.The police charged him with careless driving.警察指控他開車疏忽。警察指控他開車疏忽。The hotel charged me 10 for a room for one night.那個旅館一個房間一晚上收了我那個旅館一個房間一晚上收了我10英鎊。英鎊。He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.經(jīng)理不在時，他留下來負(fù)責(zé)這個經(jīng)理不在時，他留下來負(fù)責(zé)這個商店。商店。The park is open to the public free o

18、f charge.公園對公眾免費開放。公園對公眾免費開放。費用：費用：charge , cost , expense charge 表示費用時指的是某種表示費用時指的是某種“收費收費”或或“征費征費”cost 表示費用時指的是為某中目的的表示費用時指的是為某中目的的“支出性的、支出性的、投資性的、成本性的投資性的、成本性的”費用。費用。expense 表示費用時，指的是各種可能的表示費用時，指的是各種可能的“開支、開支、消費消費”，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 The _ of the construction was great . Farmers find it hard to pay

19、school _ for their children. The _ of living tends to grow higher and higher . costchargeexpense【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】She was complaining that the doctor was _ too much for the treatment he was giving her.Aexpending Boffering Ccosting Dcharging【解析解析】句意為：她一直報怨醫(yī)生收費過高。句意為：她一直報怨醫(yī)生收費過高。charge“要價，收費要價，收費”，符合題意。，符合題意。

20、A項項“花費花費(時時間、精力、金錢等間、精力、金錢等)”；B項項“出價、開價出價、開價(買買)”；C項項“使花費使花費(主語為物主語為物)”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿同類辨析同類辨析charge與與accusecharge與與accuse都含有都含有“控告；譴責(zé)控告；譴責(zé)”的意思。的意思。(1)charge指指“因犯較大錯誤或重大罪行而進(jìn)行因犯較大錯誤或重大罪行而進(jìn)行正式法律控訴正式法律控訴”。(2)accuse指指“當(dāng)面指控或指責(zé)，不一定訴諸法當(dāng)面指控或指責(zé)，不一定訴諸法庭庭”。例句：例句：They accused him of taking bribes.他他們指控他受賄。們指控他受賄。8. at

21、 the flick of a switch (尤指通過使用計算機尤指通過使用計算機)迅迅速地，輕易地速地，輕易地e.g. 汽車總動員汽車總動員2里的里的Mater可以輕易的改變外形。可以輕易的改變外形。 Mater in Cars 2 can change his appearance at the flick of a switch.9. Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their

22、 head.1)people with disabilities = disabled people - disable - disabled able - disability - ability probable - probability capable capability possible possibility responsible responsibility 9.attach (v.) 1)把某物系在、縛在或附在另一物上把某物系在、縛在或附在另一物上 2)使隸屬于使隸屬于每件行李上都加上標(biāo)簽每件行李上都加上標(biāo)簽 Attach a label to each piece of

23、luggage你在年底前將暫屬于這一部門。你在年底前將暫屬于這一部門。 Youll be attached to this department until the end of the year. attach sth. to sth. 將某事物與另一事物相聯(lián)系。將某事物與另一事物相聯(lián)系。 你認(rèn)為他說的話重要嗎？你認(rèn)為他說的話重要嗎？ Do you attach any importance to what he said ? attach to sb. 與某人相關(guān)聯(lián)，歸于某物與某人相關(guān)聯(lián)，歸于某物 這件事不怪你。這件事不怪你。 No blame attaches to you in thi

24、s affair . 【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】I will _ a document to the letter.Please sign it and mail it back to me as soon as possible.Asend Battach Cfix Dfollow【解析解析】考查固定短語考查固定短語attach.to.“將將固定到固定到上上”。句意為：我將一份文件附在信上。句意為：我將一份文件附在信上。請簽字后速寄回給我。請簽字后速寄回給我?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽Weve grown very _ to this house and would hate to move.Aattache

25、d BresponsibleCresistant Dcontrary【解析解析】句意為：我們十分留戀這所房子，句意為：我們十分留戀這所房子，真舍不得搬家。真舍不得搬家。be attached to sb./sth.“依戀、留依戀、留戀、酷愛某物戀、酷愛某物(人人)”；be responsible to sb.“為自為自己的行為對己的行為對(主管或上級主管或上級)承擔(dān)責(zé)任承擔(dān)責(zé)任”；resistant to“抵抗，對抗抵抗，對抗”；contrary to“與與相反相反”。根據(jù)句意可知答案為根據(jù)句意可知答案為A。【答案答案】A10. be optimistic about 對對樂觀樂觀 be pe

26、ssimistic about 對對悲觀悲觀 optimism 樂觀主義樂觀主義 pessimism 悲觀主義悲觀主義 optimist 樂觀主義者樂觀主義者 pessimist 悲觀主義者悲觀主義者 11. at a given moment 在既定的時間在既定的時間e.g. 在特定情況下，這些方法中不止一個可以使用。在特定情況下，這些方法中不止一個可以使用。 In a given situation, more than one of these methods may be used.拓展：拓展：given可以引導(dǎo)條件從句可以引導(dǎo)條件從句 e.g. Given that you can

27、not avoid it, you need to learn how to manage it. 如果不能避免，就應(yīng)該學(xué)會如何應(yīng)對。如果不能避免，就應(yīng)該學(xué)會如何應(yīng)對。12. Im too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future. 我樂于活在當(dāng)下，顧不上考慮將來。我樂于活在當(dāng)下，顧不上考慮將來。13. guitar music is on the way out. 即將被淘汰，即將過時即將被淘汰，即將過時14shape vt.做成某物的形狀；定形；做成某物的形狀；定形；(使使)成成形；對形；對有重大影響；進(jìn)展；使有重大影響；進(jìn)展；

28、使(衣服衣服)合身合身n形狀；外形；樣子；身段形狀；外形；樣子；身段歸納拓展歸納拓展(1)in shape在形狀上；身體狀況良好在形狀上；身體狀況良好be in bad shape情況處于混亂狀態(tài)；健康情況情況處于混亂狀態(tài)；健康情況不佳不佳in the shape/form of以以的形式；某種形狀的形式；某種形狀的的out of shape狀況不佳；變形；走樣狀況不佳；變形；走樣(2)o.做成做成(某事某事)；塑造成；塑造成(某形狀某形狀)shape.from.用用材料使材料使成型成型例句：例句：The pool was in the shape of a heart.游泳池呈心形。游泳池呈心形。Considering how