外研社高中英語必修一Module1-6所有重點(diǎn)歸納

1、Module 1 My First Day at Senior High1 Hows it going? = How is everything recently? 2 cover：包含，包括 be covered with 被覆蓋3 at the end of 在結(jié)束的時(shí)候 Eg : Class 5 is at the end of the corridor. in the end = at last 最后，終于 （一般時(shí)態(tài)）Eg: I am sure I will win in the end. by the end of 到為止 (后用完成時(shí)態(tài)) Eg : By the end of t

2、his term, we will have learnt two English books. By the end of last year, we had finished our task. end up with 以告終4 receive 客觀上收到; accept 主觀上收到 Eg :I received his invitation but did not accept it.5 divide：劃分，把整體分為若干部分 Eg :The world is divide into five continents. 比較 separate：分隔，把原來連在一起或靠近的分隔開來6 表參加

3、活動(dòng)的短語： take part in + 活動(dòng) join the party join in the game attend + the meeting7. The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are amazing. 表示“吃驚”的幾個(gè)單詞： surprise指“由于出乎意料而感到驚異或詫異”。 Eg: His coming surprised me. astonish指“由于出乎意料而又不能理解而感到吃驚”，語意較強(qiáng)。Eg: I was astonished to see he got up

4、 so early. amaze指“由于認(rèn)為似乎不可能或極少可能發(fā)生的事的出現(xiàn)而感到大為詫異、迷惑不解”，語意較強(qiáng)。 Eg :I was amazed at his confidence. 8. Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen.as as表示“和一樣”。Eg: My book is as interesting as yours.9. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Mr. Shen. called

5、Ms Shen在此作定語。10. Were using a new textbook and Ms Shens method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school.(1) 表示“方法、辦法”的幾個(gè)單詞： method 作可數(shù)名詞，指（系統(tǒng)的、邏輯的）方法、辦法。后面常接of + 動(dòng)名詞，不接不定式）；作不可數(shù)名詞，指秩序，條理，規(guī)律。Eg : He is a man of having accurate and strict methods. We must get some meth

6、od into our office filling. way為可數(shù)名詞，后接不定式或of + 動(dòng)名詞。Eg : We must find a way to solve this kind of problem. The normal way of carrying out such a kind plan is very difficult. means單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同，其前有a, one, this, that, every等有時(shí)表單數(shù)意義，其前有such, these, those, all等有時(shí)表復(fù)數(shù)意義，其多指抽象或概括性的含義，后可接不定式，也可接of + 動(dòng)名詞/名詞。 Eg: T

7、here is no means of finding out what happened. (2) nothing like + n./pron. 完全不像，一點(diǎn)也不像Eg :Shes nothing like her mother. 沒有什么能趕得上Eg :Theres nothing like a holiday to make one feel rested.11. I dont think I will be bored in Ms Shens class! Think表示意見和看法，其后的賓語從句中的否定詞not被移到主句中，該現(xiàn)象被稱為“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”。類似的動(dòng)詞還有：expect,

8、 believe, suppose, imagine等。Eg : I dont suppose that she will be back until night. I shall not expect you till I see you.12 We do this in a fun way, with spelling games and other activities.in a way以的方式： Eg: Children like playing games in a fun way. 辨析 in this way / in no way / in the way / in a way

9、 / by the way / on the way in this way 用這種方法、手段Eg : Only in this way can you work out the problem. in no way 決不 Eg : We can in no way give in to the enemy. in the way, 也可以寫成in ones way，意思是“擋了某人的路”，“妨礙了某人”。Eg : The box is just in my way to the room. Dont stand in the way when I am carrying out the pl

10、an. in a way 在某種程度上，有點(diǎn) Eg: You are correct in a way. by the way意思是“順便說一下”，“順便問一句”，也可以表示“在途中”。多位于句首。Eg : By the way, where has he gone? He stopped for a picnic by the way. Ill buy some bread on the / my way home. She is on the way to becoming a doctor. 7. In other words, there are three times as many

11、 girls as boys.(1) in other words意為“換言之，換句話說，也就是說”。(2) three times as many girls as boys是比較結(jié)構(gòu)。其基本形式是“as + adj/adv原級 + as 從句”。Eg : This room is as big as that one. Mary runs as fast as Jenny.類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有“as + much +不可數(shù)名詞+ as 從句”。 He saved as much money as he could.8.look forward to意思是“盼望”，后面跟名詞或動(dòng)詞的ing形式。E

12、g : I dont know what result they are looking forward to seeing.聯(lián)想、發(fā)散 英語中很多短語中的to為介詞。devote to 獻(xiàn)身于get down to 認(rèn)真考慮pay attention to 注意stick to 堅(jiān)持 get used to 習(xí)慣于lead to 導(dǎo)致9.Li Kang is very impressed with the teachers and the technology in his new school.Impress及物動(dòng)詞 (1) 給予（人）印象。Eg :Their manners impres

13、sed us favorably. (2) 使（人、心等）銘記（事、物）（un, upon）。Eg: That accident impressed on me the necessity of traffic regulations. (3) 感動(dòng)（人），打動(dòng)（人心）(with, by)。 Eg: He impressed the world with his adventure. 他的冒險(xiǎn)精神使全球的人深受感動(dòng)。10. Would you mind answering the questions for me?-mind+ing形式，不可以用不定式。11. At the end of tw

14、elfth grade, American students receive the high school diploma.at the end一般不單獨(dú)使用，后常接of短語，意為“在結(jié)束的時(shí)候”，表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)，因此句子多用一般時(shí)態(tài)。Eg :At the end of the talk, he expressed his great satisfaction with us. 辨析 by the end 一般不單獨(dú)使用，后常跟of短語，意為“到結(jié)束的時(shí)候”，表示一段時(shí)間，因此句子多用完成時(shí)態(tài)，如過去完成時(shí)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r(shí)。Eg : By the end of last term, we had l

15、earnt 1000 words. in the end后不可跟of短語，表示最終的結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于finally或at last。Eg :They found the lost boy in the end.12. The school year is divided into two semestersbe divided into 指把一個(gè)整體分成若干部分，有時(shí)表示“平均分成幾份”的意思。 separate from 把和分隔開，指由于事物阻隔而被分離。Eg: Only a narrow strait separates North America from South America. M

16、odule 2 My New Teacher1. Good teachers make sure that everyone in the class understands. make sure 一定要，保證做到，弄清楚Eg: Make sure you finish your homework on time. 一定要按時(shí)完成作業(yè)。辨析 sure & certain(1) sure與certain的意思基本相同，但sure強(qiáng)調(diào)主語的心理狀態(tài)，指主語心中無疑或十分確信、有把握，著重于人的內(nèi)心世界。Eg :He was sure that the manager must have read

17、the letter. (2) certain側(cè)重說明有肯定的理由和證據(jù)，使人相信或確信，強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)心世界之外的證據(jù)。Eg :It is certain that his brother will come to his help. 顯然，他弟弟會來幫他的。(3) 當(dāng)主語是人時(shí)，sure和certain?？商鎿Q，意思相差不大，但由于sure多表示人的內(nèi)心世界，故其主語只能是人，且不能用來形容事件，所以當(dāng)主語是表示事件的名詞或代詞時(shí)，或主語是it時(shí)，只能用certain。：Eg: It isnt quite certain whether he will be present at the meet

18、ing. 2. I think perhaps she was, as it was her first lesson with us. As在這里是連詞，意思是“既然，因?yàn)椤?，多位于句首，常用來說明較為明顯的原因。Eg: As there are many things for us to do today, wed better ask for some help.今天我們要干的事情很多，我們就叫些人來幫忙。辨析 because / since / as / for都是表示原因或理由的連接詞，在語氣上由強(qiáng)至弱依次為because since as for。 because引導(dǎo)的從句多置于句

19、末，表示直接的原因或理由，或產(chǎn)生那種結(jié)果的必然的因果關(guān)系，在回答why的提問時(shí)，必須用because作答。Eg :The light went out because the oil was out. as與since引導(dǎo)的從句多置于句首，不過as表示十分明顯的原因，只說明一般的因果關(guān)系，可譯為“因?yàn)橛捎凇保鴖ince則表示稍加分析、對方已知的原因，一般譯為“既然”。Eg: As it is too late, youd better stay here. Since the town is far from here, you may go there by bus. for是并列連詞，所

20、引導(dǎo)的不是原因狀語從句，而是表示理由的對等句子，是對前面所講內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充和說明。Eg: It must have rained last night, for the ground is so wet. 3. She is kind and patient, and explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it! I hate making mistakes or pronouncing a word incorrectly when I speak English, but Mrs. Li just smil

21、es, so that you dont feel completely stupid.這兩句中都使用了“so that”，但意義完全不同?！皊o that”可譯為“如此以至于”，有如下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)： so + 形容詞或副詞 + that Eg He ran so quickly that I couldnt keep up with him. so + 形 + a(n) + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+ that Bob is so tall a man that he can reach the ceiling. so + many / few +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+ that 或者so + much / lit

22、tle + 不可數(shù)名詞+ that Eg :There is so little water left that only small children and patients were give some. so that相當(dāng)于“in order that”, 表目的。 Check carefully so that any mistakes will be caught.4. Shes very strict we dont dare to say a word unless she asks us to.（1）dare做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)主要用于疑問句、否定句及條件狀語從句中。Eg :I da

23、re not go there. Dare you ask him? （2）可用實(shí)義動(dòng)詞dare Eg: I dont dare to go there. Do you dare to ask him? 5. There are a few students in our class who keep coming to class late keep doing持續(xù)不斷地做某事，經(jīng)常做某事 They kept trying until they succeeded. 辨析 keep doing sth / keep on doing sth / keep sb doing / keep sb

24、 from doing sth keep doing sth , keep on doing sth.均含有“繼續(xù)、重復(fù)”之意，許多情況下可以通用。有時(shí)keep doing sth 描述客觀事實(shí)，無感情色彩，可譯作“持續(xù)地、一直不停地做某事”。keep on doing sth 則帶有感情色彩，譯 “總是反復(fù)地做某事”。Eg: He kept thinking of the question.（描述“念念不忘”這一客觀事實(shí)。） Dont keep on thinking of the same question.（強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀厭煩情緒） keep sb / sth doing 表示“讓某人/某物處

25、于做某事的狀態(tài)”Eg :The boss kept his workers working day and night. keep sb / sth. from doing sth阻止某人/某物做某事Eg: The heavy rain kept us from starting out on time. 大雨使我們不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)出發(fā)。6. appreciate vt. 有如下幾種意思：（1）鑒賞，欣賞，品味，玩味（文學(xué)、藝術(shù)等） Eg :You cannot appreciate English literature unless you understand the language(2). 感

26、激（他人的好意等），感謝 Eg: I greatly appreciate your kindness. 7. During scientific experiments, she explains exactly what is happening and as a result my work is improving.as a result介詞短語，意思是“因而，就這樣”，相當(dāng)于therefore。Eg :She had so much cold drink yesterday. As a result, she fell ill and had a high fever today.

27、歸納、拓展 as a result (of) 作為的結(jié)果Eg: As a result of the flood, thousands of peasants lost their food. result in 引致，造成。Eg: His laziness results in his failure in the exam. 8. but I think that Ill do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me. (1) with + 名詞 + 副詞 Eg :With all the lights out, the room was da

28、rk. (2) with + 名詞 + adj Eg :With the door and windows open wide, the room was very cold. (3) with + 名詞 + 名詞 Eg: In the north is Scotland, with its capital Edinburgh. (4) with + 名詞 + 介詞短語Eg: The man came in with a book in his hand.。(5) with + 名詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞（名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，狀態(tài)正在進(jìn)行）Eg :With all the students d

29、oing their homework silently, the teacher walked around the classroom.(6) with + 名詞 + 過去分詞（強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞是-ed分詞動(dòng)作的承受者或動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）Eg: From the window she could see a tall tree, with a dog tied to it. (7) with + 名詞 + 不定式（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生）Eg :With machinery to do all the work, the farm is highly mechanized. 9. Hes got so muc

30、h energy, this is one class you do not fall asleep in! 他精力充沛，在他的課上你絕不會想睡覺（感到困倦）。(1) 請注意，這里的in是不可少的。可以把本句分為兩句：This is one class. In the class you dont fall asleep.(2) 請注意，這里one class中的class既不解釋為“班級”，也不和前面第4點(diǎn)中the class really likes working with her一樣解釋為“全班同學(xué)”，而是解釋為“課”。(3) 這里fall asleep中asleep為形容詞，只能作表

31、語，而sleep則為名詞和動(dòng)詞。作為教師，請注意加“a-”的構(gòu)詞法，大部分是表語形容詞，如：alike, alive, alone, ashamed, awake, aware, etc.Module 3 My First Ride on a Train(1) distance: n. 距離Eg at a distance 在遠(yuǎn)處 at a distance from 離有一段距離 from a distance 在遠(yuǎn)處 in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)方，在遠(yuǎn)處（2）supply: v. 供給，供應(yīng)，補(bǔ)充 Supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb.

32、Eg: They supply the homeless children with food. =They supply food to the homeless children.其復(fù)數(shù)形式supplies指“日用品，生活必需品，補(bǔ)給品”等1. Recently I had my first ride on a long-distance train.不久前，我第一次乘坐長途火車。（1）句子中l(wèi)ong-distance的表達(dá)法，這是由adjective + noun構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞。類似的有full-time全日制的，second-hand二手的，first-rate一流的，high-cl

33、ass高級的，large-scale大規(guī)模的，high-tech高科技的，kind-hearted善良的，absent-minded走神的，good-looking樣子好看的。 除此之外，還有其他復(fù)合詞的表達(dá)法： 名詞：daughter-in-law媳婦，speed-reading快速閱讀 動(dòng)詞：baby-sit照顧嬰兒，window-shop觀望，物色2. And what a ride!！ 感嘆句，主謂語被省略，全句是：What a (beautiful) ride it was! 很多感嘆句是由what或how引起的，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。 Eg :(1) Wh

34、at a nice voice he has! What a tall boy he is! (2) How nice a voice he has! How tall a boy he is!3. Suddenly, it looked like a place from another time. Look like 看起來好象 4. I sat and looked out of the window. 我坐在那兒看著窗外。 look out看外面，小心；look out of 看著的外面5. They tried riding horses, but the horses didnt

35、like the hot weather and sand.try doing sth. 嘗試干某事 try to do sth. 盡力干某事 Eg : We should try to make everything ready before the teacher comes. The students tried doing the experiment some other way. 6. The Afghans and their camels did this until the 1920s. the 1920s 20世紀(jì)20年代 請注意時(shí)間表達(dá)法： the 1830s19世紀(jì)30

36、年代 the 60s60年代 in her 80s在她八十多歲的時(shí)候7. Traveling at a speed over 400 kilometres per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes. 請注意速度speed和介詞at 的連用：at a speed of 50 milesat the top of ones speedModule 4 A Social Survey My Neighbourhood(1) Its been six years since we last sa

37、w each other, you know. since +過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)；1980，last month, half past six） Eg: I have been here since 1989. since + 一段時(shí)間+ago Eg: I have been here since five months ago. since +從句 Eg :Great changes have taken place since you left. It is +一段時(shí)間+ since從句 Eg: It is two months since I became a t

38、eacher.(2) And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown. This/It is +序數(shù)詞+time + (that) + sb + have done sth表示“第幾次做某事”Eg : This is the second time I have been to Changsha. (3) but this is one of the most attractive places Ive been to.This is the best tea I have ever drunk注意(sb) have been to a

39、 place: （某人）到過某地（該人現(xiàn)已不在那個(gè)地方）(sb) have gone to a place: （某人）已去了某地（該人不在說話現(xiàn)場(4) Its so lively, and every one seems so friendly. lively: 活潑的，有生氣的，用做定語或表語，可以指人或物 Eg :I find the girl has a lively mind. live: 活的，活生生的，有生命的，現(xiàn)場直播（做定語，放在被修飾的名詞前） Eg: Have you caught a live fish in the river? There is a live bas

40、ketball match at 9:45 tonight. living: 活的，健在的，現(xiàn)行的（作表語或定語）Eg :Ba Jin is regarded as one of the best living writers. alive: 活的，有生命的（作表語，后置定語或補(bǔ)足語，作表語的時(shí)候，可與living互換）Eg: He was alive / living when he was sent to the hospital.(5) I feel very fortunate living here. 生活在這里我感到很幸運(yùn)。(sb) feel fortunate (in) doin

41、g sth （某人）因有機(jī)會做某事而感到幸運(yùn)(6) Whats the difference among the following sentences? You live in the northwest of Xiamen. (in: 范圍之內(nèi)) You live to the northwest of Xiamen. (to: 范圍之外的，不接壤) You live on the coast of the sea. (on:范圍之內(nèi)，可指接壤，也可指在河畔)(7) Pretty hot and wet in the summer, but it can be quite cold in

42、winter. 注意:二者都可以用作副詞，意為“相當(dāng)、很”，(8) Sounds OK to me. / That sounds great. Sound連系動(dòng)詞，后跟adj作表語，無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。類似詞還有l(wèi)ook, smell, taste, feel, get, turn, become等。(9) You dont really see tourists where I live. 我住的地方你其實(shí)是看不見游客。 此句是where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句, 意為“在地方”。Eg : Where there is a will, there is a way. Put the book where

43、it was!(10) Theyve put up a lot of high-rise building recently. put up有建立的意思 (11) Now were leaving the business district and approaching the harbour. be + V-ing:用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來，往往表示：“意圖”、“打算”、“安排”、常用于人。有此類用法的詞還有come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。Eg :Im leaving tomorrow. Are you staying here till next

44、week?(12) So they tell me. 他們就是這樣告訴我的。So在倒裝句中的不同意義： so + 助動(dòng)詞B: A怎么樣，B也怎么樣 B助動(dòng)詞so: A讓B去做某事，B按A的要求去做了 so + A + 助動(dòng)詞: A確實(shí)怎么樣相關(guān) either/nor +助動(dòng)詞+B: A不怎么 樣，B也不怎么樣如前一句中謂語既有肯定，又有否定，應(yīng)用So it is/was with B或It is/was the same with B。Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab(1) When we use metals, it is important to know how th

45、ey react with different substances, for example, water and oxygen. react vi. & vt. 作出反應(yīng)，反應(yīng)。后接介詞to。 Eg: How did she react to the news? 影響，起作用。后接介詞on / upon。 Eg: The two react upon each other. 抗拒，反抗。后接against 。Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes. 起反作用，反過來起作用。常接介詞

46、on / upon。 Eg: Unkindness often reacts on the unkind person. 化起化學(xué)作用，物反應(yīng)。后接介詞with / on。 Eg: a. How do acids react on metals? b. An acid can react with a base to form a salt. (2) To find out if iron rusts in dry air.弄清楚鐵在干燥的空氣中是否生銹。 find out 指經(jīng)過探聽、詢問、調(diào)查之后，才發(fā)現(xiàn)某事或事情的真相。Eg: He has found out the man who s

47、tole the watch. Will you try to find out when the trains leave? 辨析 find有偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)某物的意思 Eg: On her way home, Tim found a wallet lying on the ground. discover表示發(fā)現(xiàn)存在的但以前不為人知的事物，也可表示發(fā)現(xiàn)已為人知的事物的新的性質(zhì)或用途，這種發(fā)現(xiàn)可能是有意的，也可能是無意的。 Eg: Madame Curie discovered the element of radium. (2) Put these words in the correct ord

48、er to describe the stages of a scientific experiment. put in the correct order 按正確的順序排列。in order按順序。Eg : The reaction of metals with these substances can be put in order. Put everything in the room in order.(4) Now, whats the aim of this experiment, Zhou Kai? 這次實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是什么，周凱？ aim vt. & vi. 把瞄準(zhǔn)；把對準(zhǔn)擲向；意

49、欲，旨在。Eg: a. This anti-smoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers. b. My brother aims to be a novelist. n. 目標(biāo)，目的。常接介詞TO。 Eg: It is now our aim to set up a factory. 5. No, we need rather more than that about two and a half grams. 我們所需要的要大大超過那些大約兩克半。rather是程度副詞，修飾比較級more。例如：Eg: For the old, li

50、ving in the country is rather more comfortable than in city. This computer is rather more expensive than that one. 注意：與rather近義的quite, fairly, very, too不能修飾比較級?？尚揎棻容^級的詞有： a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。 還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語。Eg: Tom is fa

51、r cleverer than any other boys in the class. Sam is twice older than I. Learning Greek is much harder than learning English. 6. I never used to enjoy science, but last year I changed schools, and the science teachers at my new school are excellent. used to do sth. 表示過去常常做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在不再這樣做。其否定式是used not ,

52、可縮寫為usednt / usent, 口語中可用didnt use。例如：Eg : I used to live there when I was a child. Used you to like opera? / Did you like opera? There used to be a church here, usednt there? be used to do sth. 被用來做某事 Eg: Wood can be used to make paper. 木材可以用來造紙。 be / get used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣于做某事 Eg: He was used t

53、o sleeping with the windows open. Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications1. The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, and its accessible through a computer. 因特網(wǎng)是世界上最大的信息資源，它可以通過電腦使用。 accessible adj 可進(jìn)入的；可使用的。常接介詞to。 Eg : Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children. 2. It consists of millions of pages of data.它包含無數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)頁。 Consist vi（由某部分，要素）組成（of ）Eg: Air consists chiefly of nitrogen. 空氣主要由氮?dú)饨M成。 The committee consists of twenty members. 該委員會由二十名成員組成。3. It then became possible fo