人教新課標高中英語必修一Unit5NelsonMandela―amodernhero習(xí)題(1)

1、書聲瑯瑯JUnit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero是野拿域i段洞朝i;匚通篇【熱點話題】Society（社會）周恩來體裁：記敘文寫作思路：出生日期一教育一成就一評價【美文誦讀】Born in_Huai'an, Jiangsu ,on March 5,1898,Zhou_Enlai graduated from Nankai Middle School in 1917 ® after which he went to France to learn Marxist theory.As a boy, he made_up_his mindto do

2、something tomake his country stronger and in 1922, he joined the Chinese Communist Party.He led the famous Nanchang Uprising on August 1 , 1927 and took part in the Long. _ . . _ . - - . . .，.一 . March.With the People's Republic of China founded he was elected Premier of thecountry.He put all hi

3、s heart into the,1976,， . _., ,Cwork , thinking little of his health.Premier Zhou died on January 8 leaving the whole nation in deep sorrow for he was loved by all the people. Premier . . . . / . . . .Zhou set a_good example to_ all the Communists and will be alive in our hearts forever.【學(xué)海拾貝】按要求完成或

4、翻譯下列句子。1 . I havemade_up_my mind_to_work_in_the countryside（決心去農(nóng)村工作）aftergraduation.（make up one's mind）2 . Mr.White put_all_his heart into the research（全身心投入研究工作 ），ignoring his wife's feelings.（put one's heart into）3 . Li Ming set an_example to_us_all（為我們大家樹立了榜樣 ）and he will live onin o

5、ur hearts.（set an example to）4 .肖暢出生于1976年11月20日，湖南，畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)。Born in_Hunan on_November 20,1976,Xiao_Chang_graduated from Qinghua University.（模仿）5 .張華的建議獲得通過后，他當(dāng)選為公司總裁。With his suggestion passed, Zhang_Hua was made President of_the company .（模仿）含盅盔塞要點梳理I .按要求寫出下列單詞1 .法則，原則，原理n. principle2 .質(zhì)量，品質(zhì)，性質(zhì)n.

6、quality3 .報酬，獎金；獎賞n.& v. reward4 .共和國，共和政體n. republic6 .指導(dǎo)，弓I導(dǎo) n. guidance7 .同盟，聯(lián)盟，聯(lián)合會 n. league8 .舞臺；階段，時期 n. stage9 .表決；投票，選舉n. & v. vote10 進攻，攻擊 v. attack11 .總統(tǒng)；會長；校長；行長 n. president12 .活躍的，積極的 adj. active不積極的，不活躍的 adj. inactive活動 n. activity13 .殘忍，殘酷 n. cruelty殘忍的，殘酷的 adj . cruel殘忍地，殘酷地

7、adv. cruelly14 .平等的 adj. equal平等地 adv. equally平等 n. equality15 .獻身，專心于 v. devote忠誠，奉獻 n. devotion忠實的，深愛的 adj . devoted16 .法律的，依照法律的adj . legal非法的 adj. illegal非法地 adv. illegally溫巧學(xué)活用用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. . Everyone is born equal and should live_ equally in our society , so the government should do everythi

8、ng to create a society withequality . (equal)2. Although he is quite old , he leads an active life.His activities include tennis and painting.(act)3. After years of fighting , the people longed for_ peace . They wanted to live peacefully . (peaceful)4. I don't think it fair to let them know the

9、topic in advance.No , it's_ unfair! (fair)5. Hopefully , you can pass the examination and then your life will be changed.So don't feel so hopeless . I think your future is full of hope. Let's hope for the best ,OK? (hope)n.翻譯下列短語1 .把某人投入監(jiān)獄 put_sb.in prison2 .設(shè)立，建立 set up3 .喪失信心或勇氣 lose h

10、eart4 .事實上 as_a_matter of_fact5 .使充氣；爆炸blow up6 .失業(yè) out of_work7 .被判處(徒刑)be_sentenced to8 . 擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂 worry about/be worried about9 .上臺，當(dāng)權(quán) come to power10 .在方面慷慨 be_generous with sth.11 .以暴制暴 answer_violence with violence12 .對抱有希望 be_hopeful about13 . 實現(xiàn)夢想 achieve one's dream應(yīng)巧學(xué)話用選用上述短語完成下列短文。Everyb

11、ody said I was lucky to have a friend like Jack.Yes.(1) As a matter of fact, I was gratefulto him for his kindness when I was(2) out_of_work . He encouraged me not to (3)lose heart and believe in myself. Hisencouragement made me (4)hopeful about my future. I began as an office boy, butnow I am manag

12、er of my department.I have (5)achieved my_dream in the end.m.重點句型1. He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.(p.33)1969年7月，他成了第一個登上月球的人。the first/second (+ n.) to do sth.第一個/第二個做某事的人the last (+ n.) to do sth.最后一個做某事的人，還可表示“絕不會做某事”Every day Mr. Zhang was the_first_to come to the office.每

13、天張先生都是第一個來辦公室的人。模仿造句根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。(1)奧巴馬是第一個當(dāng)選為美國總統(tǒng)的黑人。Obama is the first black personto_be_elected president ofthe US.(2)他總是第一個來而且是最后一個離開教室的。He is always the first to come and the last one to leavethe classroom.2. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(p.34)只有在那時，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。O.On

14、ly +狀語+部分倒裝。其中狀語可以是副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句等。Only then did we realize quality matters more than quantity.只有在那時，我們才意識到質(zhì)量比數(shù)量更重要。模仿造句根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。(1)只有在那時我才明白學(xué)習(xí)英語的重要性。Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.(2)只有當(dāng)你對未來充滿信念時，你才會忘記困難。Only when you hold a_strong belief towards future will you_forget

15、_the diffic ulties.3. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.(p.38)第一次我向(參觀)小組談?wù)?羅本島監(jiān)獄的情況)時，心里覺得很不好受。圖國-the first/second/last time + 從句某人第一次/第二次/最后一次的時候I felt good the first time I was rewarded.第一次得到獎賞時，我的心情好極了。I shall never forget seeing you for the first time in 1964.我永遠忘不了 1964年第一次見到你的情景。T

16、he last time we met was in Wuhan.我們最后一次見面是在武漢。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)我第一次見到他時，就認為他誠實可信。I_ thought him (to be)honest and reliable the 巾rst time I saw him. _(2)我第一次見到他的時候，他正在為一個老人免費修單車。The_first time I saw him, he_was_repairing a_bike for anold_man for_free.加巧卷活用用上述句型翻譯下列小片段。海水把威爾遜先生從船上卷走，他便成了第一個在這荒島上居住的人

17、。第一次生火向一艘路過的船只發(fā)出求救信號時，他失敗了。直到他在荒島上生活了半年后他才被一架直升飛機救走。Washed off the boat by the sea water , Wilson became thefirst man to live on the remote island.He failed the first time he made a fire to give a signal for help to a passing ship.Only after he spent half a year on the island was he rescued by a hel

18、icopter.短文改錯的解題技巧整體分析4. 短文改錯的命題特點。(1)試題的立意特點。短文改錯是全面考查考生對英語基礎(chǔ)知識的靈活運用能力的一種題型，它并不只單純檢測考生的語法知識，也是對考生寫作能力的全面考查。可以說，它是書面表達的另一種形式。做好短文改錯題，將會為寫好書面表達打下堅實的基礎(chǔ)。(2)試題的設(shè)題特點。短文改錯通常從詞法、句法和行文邏輯三個角度設(shè)題，考查考生在語篇中綜合運用英 語的能力。錯誤類型有三種：多詞、少詞和錯詞。在總題量10個小題中，其比例一般為1 ： 1 ： 8, 即1個多詞、1個少詞、8個錯詞。在錯詞中，大多涉及動詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞；多詞 和少詞主要涉及冠詞和介

19、詞等。5. 短文改錯的解題步驟。(1)要瀏覽全文，從語篇入手，整體把握全文大意。(2)審查句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷句子的表達是否符合行文邏輯，是否符合語法規(guī)范。從“多、缺、錯”三個方面入手，進行改錯。短文改錯大多數(shù)都是句子層次的問題，側(cè)重語言的準確性。所以，對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的審查是關(guān)鍵的一步。(3)從語法結(jié)構(gòu)入手，在判斷正誤的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)語法規(guī)則改正句子中的錯誤之處。(4)重新通讀全文，以檢查在改錯過程中是否有因上下文制約而導(dǎo)致的誤改。因巧年活用.文中共有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(A),并在其下面寫上該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()畫掉。修改：

20、在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。（2014 浙江卷）I was taking a train to London's Victoria Stationhad noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.Before long , a train inspector comes to check our tickets.A passenger realizedhe couldn't find his ti

21、cket but became quite upset.Then everyone in the carriagebegan searching the ticket,which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner.The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket - ownerbe

22、fore.Yet they had so quickly offered the strangers their help.If we could showconcern to others on need , the world would be a better place to live in.答案:1 was taking a train to London s Victoria Station. Inoticed that the carriage was noise ©d filled with people.Before long, a train inspector

23、conies to check our cametickets. A passenger realized he couldn t find his ticket bul and節(jié)閱讀理解閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的 A、B C和D項中選出最佳選項。（2015 河北衡水中學(xué)三模 ）Twelve years ago , I arrived in Central Florida frompuerto Rico.I had heard of a job opportunity and decided to pursue it.But it neverbecame a reality.I quickl

24、y learned that being alone without resources in an unfamiliar city was not a comfortable situation to be in.Once my limited funds ran out I became homeless and spent a year and a half livingon the streets of Orlando. Apart from feeling not being noticed and missing my family , I had to face another

25、challengehunger.For the first time in my life, I, as a foreign man, who had lived my life inthe relative comfort of the middle class, understood the desperation someone feels when they don't get enough to eat.I clearly remembered having run a distance of more than 7 miles on many occasions just

26、to make it to a local feeding program before they closed at 7 p . m.Once the need for food was met, the next challenge would arise where to finda place to sleep for the night.Fortunately, local programs like the Coalition forthe Homeless, Second Harvest Food Bank and the WayneDensch Center were an i

27、mportant part of my ability to survive my painful experience.With the assistance of these programs , I was accepted by a college scholarship program through the Coalition and obtained two degrees from Valencia.My experience has helped me understand that devoting my life to helping others offers last

28、ing rewards. Today, I am employed as Childhood Hunger Programs Manager at Second Harvest Food Bank and oversees the summer feeding, Hi Five Kids Pack,and Kids Caf programs.I am also proud to be able to distribute （分配）foodresources to those wonderful programs and help hundreds more like me.1. What ca

29、n be inferred from Paragraph l?A. It is impossible for the author to get a job then.B. Many local people were out of work in Florida.C. Florida is not a good place for people living there.D. The author rejected many chances to get a job in Florida.2. Why did the author run a distance of over 7 miles

30、 on many occasions ?A. Because he didn't want to be late for work there.B. Because he desired to get some free food to eat.C. Because he went there to give his hand to the poor.D. Because he helped distribute food resources to the poor.3. Before being accepted by a college scholarship program, t

31、he authorA had lived with his relatives happily8 had won his degree in a universityC had been struggling financiallyD had lost hope of facing the future9 From his experience , the author learned that A misfortune may be an actual blessing8 a friend in need is a friend indeedC where there is a will t

32、here is a wayD one good turn deserves another語篇解讀：本文記敘文，講述了作者在陌生的地方的經(jīng)歷和感受。1 解析： 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句“我聽說有一個工作機會于是決定去抓住它。但沒有成為現(xiàn)實”，可推斷出作者不可能得到工作，故選 A作者想找工作但沒有找 到而不拒絕工作機會，故排除D項；文中未提到當(dāng)?shù)厝苏夜ぷ鞯那闆r，故排除 B項；C項是對第一段最后一句話的錯誤解讀，故排除 C項。答案：A2 解析： 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第一句可知作者是去尋求免費食物，故選B。答案：B3 解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)前四段的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)時作者很缺錢，故選C項。答

33、案：C4 解析： 推理判斷題。由最后一段的內(nèi)容可推斷出選D 項。 （ 要以德報德）答案：DBLondon has become a cycle - friendly zone after the launch of a new bike hire scheme.It has been designed to encourage more people to cycle in and around central London.So how does it work? First you have to sign up for the scheme to be sent a key.The ke

34、y will unlock one of the bikes ， which are kept at docking stations in and around central London. You have to pay an access fee for the key and then you pay as you go for the Length of time you use the bike.000 bikesTransport for London, which runs the scheme, is hoping to have 6 and 400 docking sta

35、tions in place by the end of the year.The new hire system ishoping to ease congestion（ 擁擠 ） in London and is expected to create up to 40， 000extra cycle trips a day into the city centre.London Mayor Boris Johnston launchedthe scheme and said London had been “ filled with thousands of gleaming machin

36、esthat will transform the look and feel of our streets and become as commonplace on our roads as black cabs and red buses ”However， there have been a few problems since the scheme was launched lastFriday.On the first day some people found they couldn't dock their bikes properlyand that their usa

37、ge of the bikes had not been registered.Transport for Londondidadmit they had been expecting a few “ teething problems ” and said they wouldn't charge for the first day as a “ gesture of goodwill ” Some other people have criticized the lack of docking stations and locks for the bikes as well as

38、the price it costs to hire the bicycles.Despite the comments， the green - thinking London Mayor still seems very positive about things ， saying ， “ Mycampaign for the capital to become the greatest big cycling city in the world has taken a big pedal- powered push f orwards. ”5 London Mayor Boris Joh

39、nston launched the new bike hire scheme in orderto A reduce the air pollution of the cityB deal with the city's traffic problemsC increase employment opportunitiesD encourage the citizens to take exercise6 If you want to hire a bike ， in which order will you do?a pay for the key to a bikeb sign

40、up as a member to get a keyc cycle in and around central Londond pay according to the time you use the bikeA. bfa-cf dB. bfdfc-aC. d-cbaD . d-bca7 All the following are the problems of the scheme EXCEPT A. the high cost to hire a bikeB. docking the bikes properlyC. not registering their usage of the

41、 bikesD. not charging for the first day of the scheme8. From the passage , we can infer thatA. the cycling revolution is not successfulB. all the citizens in London support the schemeC. the London Mayor is confident of the schemeD. the scheme will be cancelled because of the problems語篇解讀：本文為新聞報道。題材為

42、出行交通方式。倫敦在市長的倡議下實施了一項新的自行車出租方案，這一方案旨在鼓勵人們騎自行車以緩解倫敦的交通擁擠狀況。5 .解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知這個方案旨在緩解倫敦的交通擁擠狀況。答案：B6 .解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段可知要想租自行車首先注冊會員以便獲得鑰匙，然 后支付自行車鑰匙的使用費，接下來你可以在倫敦市區(qū)及附近使用自行車，最后根據(jù)你使用自行車的時間付費。答案：A7 .解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段中的"couldn't dock their bikes properly : “their usage of the bikes had not been

43、registered" 及最后句可排除 A、 B、 C 三項。答案：D8 .解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知倫敦市長對這個方案充滿信心。答案：C第二節(jié)完形填空閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從 120題所名的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選 項。As we walked out of the office and into the lift no words were spoken.We couldn't even look at each other.We were both just stunned（愣?。゛nd did not 1 whatto say to one

44、 another.We got into the sky 2 car, and left the parking lot.Mum wasn't payingattention to her 3, but all of a sudden she 4 hard on the brakes(殺 1車)and we both went 5.Outside of the car we saw a 6, half on andhalf off his bike. "Where did you get your license, womarF " he shouted, “You

45、 almost7 me!The biker got back on his bike and rode off , 8 shaking his head.It wasthen that Mum and I looked at each other.We cried, as we came to 9 that I _had (a)10 . We talked about it for hours, and I knew I had so 11support and that I was going to be 12. _Twelve years later, at age 31, cancer

46、has now been put 13 me.I had major surgery( 手術(shù))and four months of radiation treatment.Thank God, it was caught ata(n)14 stage, and I was able to make a full recovery.Cancer 15 me so much so much for thebetter.It16 me toappreciate life and those in my life, and to never 17 anything for granted.Life i

47、s too short and you have to live each moment to the very 18._To this day, I wish I could 19that man on the bike.I'd like to tell himthat he was not the only survivor to come 20 that day, as I amliving proof.1.A.knowB.understandC.learnD.realize2.A.blueB.greenC.yellowD.red3.A.condition B.surroundi

48、ngsC.carD.road sign4.A.workedB.droveC.pushedD.stepped5.A.upwardB.downwardC.forwardD.backward6.A.bikeB.carC.driverD.cyclist7.A.killedB beatC knockedD caught8 A.happilyB luckilyC just D right9 A.feelB findC realizeD treat10 A.cancer B coldC headache D stomachache11 A.many B littleC muchD few12 A.right

49、 B all rightC weakD all over13 A.on BdownC offDbehind14 A.early BlateC fastDslow15 A.frightened B changedCterrifiedD taught16 A.made BcausedC taught D advised17 A.payBsearchC care D take18 A.least B worstC fullest D emptiest19 A.findB catchC study D strike20 A.up toB out ofC by D off這使得作語篇解讀：本文講述了作者

50、在被診斷出患了癌癥后回家的路上差點遭遇車禍，者從中得到了生活下去的勇氣并最終戰(zhàn)勝了病魔。no1 解析： 本文第一句即描述了一番面對突如其來的打擊無言以對的情景。根據(jù)“words were spoken ”可知彼此之間不知道說什么好。答案：A2 解析： sky blue “天藍色”。答案：A3 解析： 根據(jù)下文差點發(fā)生車禍可知，媽媽開車時沒有注意周圍的環(huán)境。答案：B4 解析： 根據(jù)“ on the brakes ”可知是踩剎車。故選 stepped 。答案：D5 解析：根據(jù)常識，急剎車會令車內(nèi)的人身體往前傾。答案： C6 解析：根據(jù)下文的bike 可知是個騎自行車的人。答案：D7 解析： 根據(jù)情

51、境可知，此處應(yīng)選killed 表達騎自行車的人的憤怒。答案：A8 解析： just 表示強調(diào)， “只是，僅僅”， 與后面的“shaking his head ”連用表示“一個勁地搖頭”。答案：C9 解析： 句意：當(dāng)我們開始意識到我患了癌癥，我們都哭了。答案：C10 解析： 根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知作者是患了癌癥。答案：A11 解析：support在此是不可數(shù)名詞，故選 much來修飾。答案：C12 解析： be all right “一切都會好的”。答案：B13 解析： put behind “放在后面”，此處指“我”擺脫了癌癥。答案：D14 解析： at an early stage “早期”。答案： A15 解析： 根據(jù)后面的“so much for better ”可知，此處指這場病使作者改變了許多。其他選項不符合語境。答案：B16 解析： 句意：這教會了我去感激生命和生命里的一切。答案：C17 解析：take.for granted“想當(dāng)然，認為理所當(dāng)然”。答案：D18 解析： 句意：生命太短暫了，你應(yīng)該將每一刻活到最充分。答案：C19 解析： 根據(jù)下文“I'd like to tell him ”可知此處指作者想找到那個騎車的人。答案：A20 解析： c