短文改錯(cuò)(公開課)

1、英語(yǔ)高考專題復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)高考專題復(fù)習(xí)1. 看不出句子有錯(cuò)，感覺越讀越對(duì)?？床怀鼍渥佑绣e(cuò)，感覺越讀越對(duì)。2. 看得出句子錯(cuò)誤看得出句子錯(cuò)誤, 但無(wú)法改正。但無(wú)法改正。Whats the main trouble when correcting a composition? 短文改錯(cuò)短文改錯(cuò)Proof-reading Passage correcting考考 查查 內(nèi)內(nèi) 容容一一.詞的用法詞的用法1）連詞）連詞 2）冠詞）冠詞 3）介詞）介詞 4）形容詞和副詞）形容詞和副詞 二二.一致性問題：一致性問題：1）主謂一致）主謂一致 2）名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致）名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致 3）代詞的指代一致）代詞的指代一致

2、 4）時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一致）時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一致5）非謂動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)一致）非謂動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)一致6）行文邏輯關(guān)系的一致）行文邏輯關(guān)系的一致動(dòng)動(dòng) 詞詞 動(dòng)詞形：動(dòng)詞形：無(wú)論是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，無(wú)論是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤就是原形、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、第三人稱動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤就是原形、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、第三人稱單數(shù)形式、一般過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分單數(shù)形式、一般過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、動(dòng)名詞等動(dòng)詞形式的錯(cuò)誤。如：詞、動(dòng)名詞等動(dòng)詞形式的錯(cuò)誤。如：(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷) It is always crowded with customers at mealtimes. Some People even had to

3、 wait outside. My uncle tells me that have一、動(dòng)詞形一、動(dòng)詞形錯(cuò)誤主錯(cuò)誤主要包括兩類：要包括兩類：1.時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 2.主謂一致主謂一致(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷) I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.choosewearing解決方案解決方案(1) 通讀全文，搞清文中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的通讀全文，搞清文中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的主旋律主旋律 .(2) 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，靈

4、活運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)形式結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，靈活運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)形式 .(3) 認(rèn)真推敲，準(zhǔn)確把握主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)認(rèn)真推敲，準(zhǔn)確把握主動(dòng)與被動(dòng) . 考點(diǎn)剖析 此類題的錯(cuò)誤設(shè)置一般包括以下幾個(gè)方此類題的錯(cuò)誤設(shè)置一般包括以下幾個(gè)方面：面：(1) 短文中時(shí)態(tài)的使用前后不一致短文中時(shí)態(tài)的使用前后不一致 .(2) 在特定語(yǔ)境條件下時(shí)態(tài)的誤用在特定語(yǔ)境條件下時(shí)態(tài)的誤用(如含如含有狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)有狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，而從句中則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)態(tài)，而從句中則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)) .(3) 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的混用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的混用 .(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷) If we go on a trip abroad

5、, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷) The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.knowledgeyears二、名詞數(shù)二、名詞數(shù) 名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式1. 理清可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞之間的區(qū)別與理清可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞之間的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系聯(lián)系 .2. 記清一些用于固定詞組中名詞的特殊記清一些用于固定詞組中名詞的特殊用法用法 . 3 3. .結(jié)合語(yǔ)境認(rèn)真分辨同義名詞或近義名結(jié)合語(yǔ)

6、境認(rèn)真分辨同義名詞或近義名詞詞 . 1. 形容詞和副詞混用，形容詞和副詞混用，2. 三級(jí)錯(cuò)用三級(jí)錯(cuò)用三、還要注意形和副三、還要注意形和副修飾修飾名詞名詞，bebe動(dòng)詞，系動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞，系動(dòng)詞要用要用形容詞形容詞修飾修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，整個(gè)句子動(dòng)詞，形容詞，整個(gè)句子用用副詞副詞比較級(jí)比較級(jí)和和最高級(jí)最高級(jí)的使用的使用(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷)Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady.(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷)At one time, I ever felt my parents couldnt understand me, so I hope

7、d I could be freely from them.steadilyfree(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷) They were also the best and worse years in my life.worst (2012課標(biāo)卷課標(biāo)卷) I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. (2009大綱大綱卷卷) The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle scho

8、ol are gone. less old考點(diǎn)剖析考點(diǎn)剖析 :(1) 形容詞和副詞的混用，是短文形容詞和副詞的混用，是短文改錯(cuò)中常見的考點(diǎn)之一改錯(cuò)中常見的考點(diǎn)之一 .(2)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的混用或誤用比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的混用或誤用.(3)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)修飾語(yǔ)的誤用比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)修飾語(yǔ)的誤用 以及近義詞的誤用以及近義詞的誤用 .四、非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別四、非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別1. 不定式不定式符號(hào)符號(hào)to的多余與遺漏的多余與遺漏2. 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞混用現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞混用 Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to e

9、xpress myself in simple English.2007寧夏卷：寧夏卷：Li Meng came see me every day. talkingto四、非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別四、非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別2008浙江卷：浙江卷： It is one of the funniest things finding on the Internet so far this year.學(xué)生版：學(xué)生版： The big fire burned hundreds of houses, made hundreds of families homeless.makingfound(1) 縱觀全文或全句，明確句中

10、動(dòng)詞縱觀全文或全句，明確句中動(dòng)詞所作的句子成分所作的句子成分.(2) 系統(tǒng)掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能系統(tǒng)掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能.(3) 前后聯(lián)系，整體把握前后聯(lián)系，整體把握 .五五、 代詞代詞格，格，細(xì)領(lǐng)悟細(xì)領(lǐng)悟高考鏈接高考鏈接6： I heard that Mr. Wang would teach our English this term.us1.1.人稱代詞人稱代詞主格主格和和賓格賓格，物主代詞物主代詞的使用的使用反身代詞反身代詞oneselfoneself 的使用的使用3 3不定代詞不定代詞的使用的使用4 4Both,all,either,neither,noneBoth,all,ei

11、ther,neither,none的使用的使用. .5 5. . WhoseWhose 和和whoswhos，itsits和和 itits s的區(qū)別的區(qū)別人稱人稱單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格主格賓格賓格主格主格賓格賓格第一人第一人稱稱第二人第二人稱稱第三人第三人稱稱Imeweusyouyouyouyouhehimsheheritittheythem單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容形容詞性詞性物主物主代詞代詞myyourhisherits ouryourtheir名詞名詞性物性物主代主代詞詞mine yours hishers its ours yours theirs五五、 代詞代詞格，格，細(xì)領(lǐng)悟細(xì)領(lǐng)悟2007全

12、國(guó)全國(guó) I was only about six when he held his hand out to me. I took it in me and we walked.mine2007陜西：陜西： Just at that time I woke up and found me still in bed!myselfWe must try ours best to overcome all difficulties to solve this particular problems.our考點(diǎn)剖析考點(diǎn)剖析 此類題的錯(cuò)誤設(shè)置一般包括以下幾此類題的錯(cuò)誤設(shè)置一般包括以下幾個(gè)方面：個(gè)方面：1)

13、 代詞指代的人或事物前后不一致代詞指代的人或事物前后不一致的錯(cuò)誤的錯(cuò)誤.2) “it” 一詞的不當(dāng)使用一詞的不當(dāng)使用(包括用于包括用于從句中或作形式主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)從句中或作形式主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)).3) 不定代詞或反身代詞的誤用不定代詞或反身代詞的誤用.連詞連詞but， and， or和和so的用法錯(cuò)誤的用法錯(cuò)誤冠詞冠詞 a, an, the 誤用或混用誤用或混用六、冠詞、連詞常光顧六、冠詞、連詞常光顧 連詞：連詞：(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.(2013全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷)He had a

14、deep voice, which set him apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful.and 冠詞：冠詞：(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷)But in that case, we will learn little about world.the(2016全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷) At the first, I thought I knew everything and 考點(diǎn)剖析考點(diǎn)剖析: (1) 并列連并列連but ,and ,or, so 等詞等詞的混用，常常出現(xiàn)在改錯(cuò)題中。的混用，常常出現(xiàn)在改錯(cuò)題中。(2) 并列

15、連詞和從屬連詞的混用。并列連詞和從屬連詞的混用。(3) 平行結(jié)構(gòu)方面的錯(cuò)誤。平行結(jié)構(gòu)方面的錯(cuò)誤。 主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，其主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，其錯(cuò)誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：錯(cuò)誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭多詞、少詞和搭配錯(cuò)誤。配錯(cuò)誤。 catch a sight of lose my heart in hurry in Sunday afternoon such many people in a shortaonso七、習(xí)慣用法要記住七、習(xí)慣用法要記住1. Have sth on common2. Have an effect in sb3. Lose the hear

16、t4. Make a great progress5. The war was broke out6. The accident was happened7. In the hurry8. Share sth for sb9. A pair of shoe10.A lot of equipments11.General speaking12.As soon as possiblyinonthethea awaswaswaswasawithshoesequipmentGenerallypossible多詞、少詞和搭配多詞、少詞和搭配七、習(xí)慣用法要記住七、習(xí)慣用法要記住解析方案解析方案:(1) 平

17、時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累語(yǔ)言知識(shí)，平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累語(yǔ)言知識(shí)，特別是一些固定搭配的記憶特別是一些固定搭配的記憶 . (2) 強(qiáng)化語(yǔ)法訓(xùn)練，分清連詞，副詞強(qiáng)化語(yǔ)法訓(xùn)練，分清連詞，副詞和介詞之間的區(qū)別和句法功能和介詞之間的區(qū)別和句法功能 . (3)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的記憶和語(yǔ)感的培養(yǎng)結(jié)合語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的記憶和語(yǔ)感的培養(yǎng)結(jié)合起來(lái)起來(lái) .八、句子成分多分析八、句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類；不同的語(yǔ)境要不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類；不同的語(yǔ)境要選擇不同的詞語(yǔ)。只有對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分作細(xì)致的分選擇不同的詞語(yǔ)。只有對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分作細(xì)致的分析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤。析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤。2008年安徽卷年

18、安徽卷 : She looked at me and started to laugh. “How are you laughing?”I asked.2007天津卷：天津卷：I was lucky enough to have a teacher which didnt take my bad grades as a judgement of my abilities, but who / thatWhy九、邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注九、邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注 與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯(cuò)誤，如稱謂上的于邏輯性錯(cuò)誤，如稱謂上的張冠李戴張冠李戴。2006四

19、川卷：四川卷：That night，we sat down to what they thought would be a pleasant, uninterrupted meals.學(xué)生版學(xué)生版: Some students may also save up for our college or future use. wetheir When I was in high school , most of my friend had bicycles. I hoped I could also have it. One day I saw a second-hand bicycle ,that was only one hundred yuan . I asked