高中英語語法主謂一致公開課精華版教學提綱

1、高中英語語法主謂一致公開課精華版主謂一致是指主語和謂語要保持人主謂一致是指主語和謂語要保持人稱和數(shù)上的一致，主語的稱和數(shù)上的一致，主語的“人稱人稱”和和“數(shù)數(shù)”決定謂語動詞的變化。決定謂語動詞的變化。但是如果主語不是單一的，或主語但是如果主語不是單一的，或主語名詞的數(shù)比較特殊時，其主謂一致名詞的數(shù)比較特殊時，其主謂一致一般要根據(jù)一般要根據(jù)語法一致意義一致語法一致意義一致就近原則就近原則原則原則概念概念例句例句語法語法一致一致原則原則指主語是單數(shù)形式，謂指主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；語動詞用單數(shù)形式；主語是復數(shù)形式，謂語主語是復數(shù)形式，謂語也用復數(shù)形式也用復數(shù)形式 Steve Ember

2、 is a good playerChildren like toys. 意義意義一致一致原則原則指主語形式上為單數(shù)指主語形式上為單數(shù)但表示復數(shù)意義，謂語但表示復數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；動詞用復數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復或主語形式上為復數(shù)但表示單數(shù)意義數(shù)但表示單數(shù)意義,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式My family are having lunch nowNews is travelling fast nowadays 就近就近一致一致原則原則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復數(shù)形式取決于最是用復數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的主語靠近它的主語There is a knife an

3、d two forks on the deskEither you or he is to go 名詞作主語時應注意的幾個問題名詞作主語時應注意的幾個問題1. 表時間，距離，金額，重量，數(shù)字等的復數(shù)名詞作表時間，距離，金額，重量，數(shù)字等的復數(shù)名詞作“整體整體”看時，看時， 。 Two hours is quite enough.2. 以以-s結尾的名詞作主語時，根據(jù)其意思來決定謂語結尾的名詞作主語時，根據(jù)其意思來決定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。動詞的單復數(shù)。表表學科的名詞學科的名詞(physics)、書報名、書報名(the Times)、國、國名名(the United States)或組織名稱或組織名

4、稱(the United Nations)及及news3) the Olympic Games謂語常用單數(shù)謂語常用單數(shù)謂語常用單數(shù)謂語常用單數(shù)謂語常用復數(shù)謂語常用復數(shù)The Olympic Games held once every four years. (be)are1. “_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?” “I suppose so.” Will be b. Is c. Are d. Were2. Three hours _ enough for us to finish the task.a. are b. has c. is d. were Hi

5、s “Selected Poems” _first published in 1970. was B. were C. had been D. have been 3. 集體名詞作主語時，視其意義來決定謂語動詞集體名詞作主語時，視其意義來決定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)：的單復數(shù)： 1) people, police, cattle等名詞等名詞 3) family, class, government，audience, class, committee, enemy等名詞等名詞 表示整體時，表示整體時， 表其中的成員時，表其中的成員時，謂語常用復數(shù)謂語常用復數(shù)謂語常用復數(shù)謂語常用復數(shù)謂語常用單數(shù)謂語常用

6、單數(shù) 1. His family _ always quarrelling among _. A.is；itself B.are；themselvesC.is；themselvesD.are；itself4. 有的名詞表示的是由兩個對稱的部分構成的有的名詞表示的是由兩個對稱的部分構成的物品。如：物品。如：trousers, glasses, shoes, gloves, shorts, scissors等，等， 這類名詞作主語時，這類名詞作主語時， 。 但如果其前有但如果其前有a pair of, a kind of 修飾時，修飾時， 則應被看作則應被看作謂語常用復數(shù)謂語常用復數(shù)單數(shù)形式，謂語

7、常用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式，謂語常用單數(shù)5. 名詞有名詞有each, every, no修飾時修飾時,被被and /or 連接時，即使有多個并列的主語，仍看連接時，即使有多個并列的主語，仍看作作 。 Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday.單數(shù)形式，謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式，謂語用單數(shù)1.Every desk and every chair _ made of wood. (be)3.No boy and no girl _ (be) in the classroom.isis 1. 以以and連接的兩個名詞作主語時，連接的兩個名詞作主語時， Walkin

8、g and riding are good exercises. 注意：當注意：當and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞在意義上指連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞在意義上指的是同一人，物或概念時，的是同一人，物或概念時， 。The teacher and writer is popular with his students. (區(qū)別：區(qū)別：The teacher and the writer are)二、由連詞連接的名詞或代詞作主語時二、由連詞連接的名詞或代詞作主語時 的主謂一致問題的主謂一致問題謂語用單數(shù)謂語用單數(shù)謂語用復數(shù)形式謂語用復數(shù)形式2. 就近一致：就近一致： or eitheror neither.nor

9、not onlybut also not but There be 連接的詞作主語，連接的詞作主語，謂語與靠近的主語一致，就近原則謂語與靠近的主語一致，就近原則 1._ you or he to attend tomorrows meeting? (be) 2.Either you or he _ mistaken. (be) 3.Neither Mary nor her parents _ in for rock music. (go) 4.There _ a pen and some books on the table. (be) Are is go is3.就前一致就前一致: (即謂語

10、動詞與前面的中心詞一致即謂語動詞與前面的中心詞一致) + + 名詞名詞 B 這樣的結構做主語，這樣的結構做主語，2.The teacher as well as her students _ fond of popular music very much. 3. All but Tom _(know) the truth so far.with; together with; along with；but; except; besides, including; as well as; in addition to, not; rather than; like is- have known-

11、謂語動詞僅與謂語動詞僅與 A 一致一致4. + 名詞名詞 作主語時，作主語時， 1.One third of the students in our class _ girls. (be) 2.Seventy percent of the surface of the earth _covered with / by water. 分數(shù)分數(shù) + of ; 百分數(shù)百分數(shù) + of some of ; part of ; half of ; most of ; the rest of ; .- are- is-謂語動詞取決于后面名詞的數(shù)謂語動詞取決于后面名詞的數(shù)就后一致就后一致: (即謂語動詞與后

12、面的中心詞一致即謂語動詞與后面的中心詞一致)1. any, either, neither, none, all, some等作等作主語時，主語時， Now all changed. have All silent at the meeting. be視其在句中的意義，謂語動詞可用作單數(shù)或復數(shù)。視其在句中的意義，謂語動詞可用作單數(shù)或復數(shù)。hasare三、代詞作主語時的主謂一致問題三、代詞作主語時的主謂一致問題 2. 不定代詞不定代詞(all指人除外指人除外)，many a 名詞單名詞單數(shù)數(shù), more than one作主語時作主語時, 但但more +復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)名詞+than one Mo

13、re students than one have gone there before.謂語用單數(shù)。謂語用單數(shù)。謂語用復數(shù)。謂語用復數(shù)。1.Many a boy and girl _made the same mistake. (have)2.Many a student _ (like) pop songs.haslikes找一找共同點：找一找共同點： 1. What we need _ hard work. What we need _ suitable materials. 2. Such _ what he told me. Such _ his words. 3. The follo

14、wing _ his advice on learning English. The following _ some tips to learn English. is are waswere is are 1）動名詞、不定式或從句作主語時，謂語用動名詞、不定式或從句作主語時，謂語用但但what引導的主語從句視后面的引導的主語從句視后面的表語表語而定。而定。 What we need time. ( be) What we need books. ( be) is are單數(shù)單數(shù)2) 單復同形的名詞單復同形的名詞，如：，如：means, works等。等。Every means has be

15、en tried. All means have been tried視其在句中的意義，謂語動詞可用作單數(shù)或復數(shù)。視其在句中的意義，謂語動詞可用作單數(shù)或復數(shù)。學案學案 特殊用法的總結特殊用法的總結 特殊1：more than one + 單數(shù)名詞 many a +單數(shù)名詞 特殊2：a large quantity（amount) of + 名詞 quantities (amounts) of + 名詞 特殊3：and 連接的兩個主語指同一人/事物/概念 特殊4：集合名詞police, people, cattle 特殊5：“the +形容詞/過去分詞” 表示一類人，謂語用單數(shù)。謂語用單數(shù)。謂語

16、用單數(shù)。謂語用單數(shù)。謂語用復數(shù)。謂語用復數(shù)。謂語常用單數(shù)。謂語常用單數(shù)。謂語用單數(shù)。謂語用單數(shù)。謂語用復數(shù)。謂語用復數(shù)。謂語用復數(shù)。謂語用復數(shù)。1. The blind _ in special schools.A. is studying B. studies C. study D. has studied3. The museum I have visited _ at the end of the street.A. stand B. stands C. is standing D. are standing4. Three weeks _ not enough for me to wr

17、ite the report.A. is B. are C. has D. have8. Large quantities of water_ needed for cooling purpose.A.is B. are C. has D. have 1. Our class _ a big one.（be) Our class _ fond of music.2. 1.The trousers _ mine. (be) 2.This pair of trousers _ mine. 類似地類似地: Apples of this kind _ (sell) well. This kind of

18、 apples _(sell) well. is are四、易錯點匯總四、易錯點匯總 are is sellsells比一比比一比 3. The population of China _ far larger than that of Japan.(be) Eighty percent of the population in China _ farmers.4. 1.Every means _ been tried to solve the problem.(have) All means _ been tried to solve the problem. is are has have

19、5. 1.The aged _ being cared for in the community. (be) 2.The beautiful _ not always good. 6. 1. A singer and dancer _ been invited to the party. （have) 2. A singer and a dancer _ been invited to the party. are is has have7. Tom is one of who _ fired by the company last week. ( be) Tom is one of the

20、workers who _ fired by the company last week.8. A large quantity of water _wasted every year. ( be) Large quantities of water _wasted every year. were was is are 1.（2013江蘇）江蘇）21. Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others _ essential to their development. A. isB. areC. w

21、asD. Were 2.（2013湖南）湖南）33 The university estimates that living expenses for international students _around $8，450 a year, which _ a burden for some of them. Aare；is Bare，are Cis，are Dis，isConsolidation 3.（2013北京）北京）23. The famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invitedConsolidation 21. A。【句意】一般說來，他人對其期望值高的學生的內(nèi)在動機對自身的發(fā)展是至關重要的。 分析句子結構，主語為students inner motivation with high expectations from others，中心詞為inner mot