英語(yǔ)閱讀理解推理判斷之寫(xiě)作意圖題

1、英語(yǔ)閱讀理解推理判斷之寫(xiě)作意圖題真題感悟：（2018 北京，C）Plastic-Eating WormsHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.Almost half of that winds up in landfills（ 垃圾填埋場(chǎng) ）,and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.So far there is no effective way to get rid of it , but a new study suggests an answer m

2、ay lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene , which accounts for 40% of plastics.The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consum

3、ed and broke down about 92 milligrams , or almost 3% of it.To confirm that the worms' chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown , the researchers made some worms into paste（糊狀物） and applied it to plastic films.14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass apparently

4、broken down by enzymes（酶）from the worms ' stomachs.Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini , co-author of the study , says the worms' ability to break down their everyday food beeswax also allows them to break down plastic. "Wax is a complex mixture

5、 ,but the basic bond in polyethylene , the carbon-carbon bond, is there as wellshe explains. "The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.”Jennifer DeBruyn , a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee , who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such w

6、orms can break down polyethylene.But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting.The next step , DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown.Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes（腸道微生物）？Bertocchini agrees and

7、 hopes her team ' s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills.But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process not simply “ millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者介紹了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)：一種吃塑料的蟲(chóng)子大蠟螟，它胃中的酶能夠降解塑料，從而為人們解決塑料污染問(wèn)題提

8、供新的途徑。46. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain a study method on worms.B . To introduce the diet of a special worm.C. To present a way to break down plastics.D . To propose new means to keep eco-balance.一、題型解讀各種話題的閱讀材料都可能考查寫(xiě)作目的/意圖題。設(shè)問(wèn)形式常有：1 .整篇文章的寫(xiě)作目的/意圖：(1)The writer writes this pa

9、ssage in order to .(2)The purpose of the text is to .(3)What is the main purpose of the passage?(4)The writer of the story wants to tell us that2 .某處細(xì)節(jié)的寫(xiě)作目的/意圖：(1)The writer uses.in the first paragraph to .(2)The writer uses the example of.to(3)The author writes the last paragraph in order to .二、解題技

10、巧1.文體特點(diǎn)推意圖(1)記敘文：一般會(huì)在首段或尾段出現(xiàn)高度概括的總結(jié)性語(yǔ)言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有的敘述都是圍繞該哲理展開(kāi)的。(2)應(yīng)用文：文章中有對(duì)某種物品或服務(wù)的詳盡介紹，使用具有明顯支持傾向的語(yǔ)言。(3)說(shuō)明文：寫(xiě)作目的有賴(lài)于對(duì)文章主旨的把握，閱讀時(shí)需要找準(zhǔn)主題句。(4)議論文：提出論點(diǎn) 進(jìn)行論證 得出結(jié)論，作者的意圖往往隱含于最后一部分中。2 看寫(xiě)作手法找答案(1) 在文章開(kāi)頭提出問(wèn)題或介紹與主題有關(guān)的其他事物時(shí)答案中往往會(huì)含有to bring in/tointroduce the topic 等字眼。(2)舉例或引用某人的話時(shí)答案中往往會(huì)含有to support/to show

11、.例如： 【真題感悟】中的第46 題，文章為說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn) 蠕蟲(chóng)可以分解塑料。因此可以推斷該篇文章的寫(xiě)作意圖是告訴讀者一種新的分解塑料的方法。限時(shí)訓(xùn)練：A(2018湖南第二次聯(lián)考)In my very first job with some 1archaeologists， I wasn t digging objects out of the ground ， instead I was employed as an artist， drawing what they found.However ， I was soon more interested in the st

12、ories behind the objects than in drawing them and that s how my career in archaeology started.I still draw what I find in my work as a specialist on the Silk Road， the old trade route running from Egypt to Mongolia ， and I also work on some underwater projects too.In archaeology， my all-time hero is

13、 an American called Raphael Pumpelly.I first heard about him when I was a student on a trip to Turkmenistan ， a country right in the heart of Asia.To get around the country， I had to learn Russian so that I could speak to the local people.When I got there I thought ，“ Wow! I m one of the first Ameri

14、cans here ！” Then an old man told me about an American archaeologist ， Raphael Pumpelly， who was there doing the same thing over 100 years ago.Archaeology s in my family.My wife s in the same 2profession， and， although our two boys aren t interested in the future in archaeology themselves ， we ve be

15、en on some great digs together and they love what we do because they get to travel with us.Last summer ， we took them to Lake Titicaca in South America ， in the high areas of the Andes mountain range.My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast.There s very little rain and

16、 it s so dry that everything is kept as it was. In an old house， where the owner used to store goods from the ships that came in， I picked up a 700-year-old mat in front of the house and there ， under it， after allthat time , was the house key with the owner' s name carved on it. It felt like he

17、 could be on his way home any minute! And I thought , “ Hey, I do just that.This man ' s not much different to me!語(yǔ)篇解讀作者在文章中介紹了自己喜歡做考古學(xué)家的原因，并講述了自己在各地考古的經(jīng) 歷和感受。3 What is the writer ' s main purpose in writing the text?A . To describe the life of an archaeologist he admires.B . To persuade peo

18、ple to take up archaeology as a career.C. To explain what he enjoys about being an archaeologist.D . To show how archaeologists work.BStained glass（彩色玻璃）artists create different designs by making cuts on the glass to“score”it and then breaking off the pattern that they want to use in the finished pr

19、oduct.The most difficult cut in stained glass is called an inside cut.Basically , it' s a curved（彎曲的）line where you throw away the part inside of the curve.The problem with inside cuts is that the edges of the curve tend to break off when the pieces of scored glass are broken apart.As the artist

20、 talked about inside cuts , he said, “ The glass will break into pieces if you try to cut too much off at once.The best way to do an inside cut is to 7slice off smaller curves piece-by-piece.In fact , it' s not just the best way to do it, but it' s the only way to do it.”How many times do yo

21、u try to make a big change and cut the entire piece at once? We convince ourselves that we can do this all the time.We' ll 4commit to transforming our diet overnight or we get inspired to launch a business in a weekend or we finally get motivated to work out and push ourselves to the edge of bur

22、ning out.Why not approach your goals and dreams like a stained glass artist? Starting by slicing a shallow curve and breaking a small piece off , you cut a slightly deeper curve and break that off until you have your full inside cut.By slowly cutting deeper and deeper curves , you prevent the glass

23、from breaking as it changes shape.Of course , change isn' t easy no matter how you do it. Slow gains are boring , but if we keep making small improvements , then pretty soon we will end up with a beautifulmasterpiece on our hands instead of a bunch of broken pieces.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。作者通過(guò)講述玻璃藝術(shù)家切割玻璃的方

24、式一一慢慢地切割不造成玻璃破碎 一一告訴讀者生活中我們也應(yīng)該一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)取得進(jìn)步，最后達(dá)到目標(biāo)，獲得成功。7. What is the author ' s purpose in writing the text?A . To show his love for stained glass.B . To introduce the skill of an inside cut.C. To appreciate designs of stained glass artists.D . To share his opinions on how to make a change.專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練I .閱

25、讀理解A（2018湖南邵陽(yáng)二模）Nightlife Downtown Crested Butte is home to some fun adventure nightlife! With many different options for enjoying a night , you ' re sure to have a great time! Enjoy the free bus system between the mountain and town to get around.Kids' Night OutOn vacation , kids and parents

26、 deserve a special night out.But sometimes , what' s special for the kids isn ' t quite what you have in mind.We created Kids ' Night Out so you can all have the night you' re looking for.Our fun-loving kids' instructors host your kids for a visit to the Adventure Park , followed

27、 by dinner and games while you head out of the town.Ages 812 arewelcome , 3 75 per child.Kids ' Night Out takes place nightly in the coldest days.Majestic Movie TheaterIt is small and personal and it offers a wide range of movies , from new releases to classics , action etc.All natural snacks an

28、d alcoholic drinks are available.For movie show times and more information , call 970 349 8955 or visit our website.Princess Wine BarEscape the ordinary and experience the Princess Wine Bar in downtown Crested Butte.Enjoy the coffeehouse featuring Belgian snacks, baked eggs, apple-wood smoked bacon,

29、 and coffee drinks.Live entertainment makes the Princess Wine Bar the perfect choice.Open daily from 8: 00pm to midnight , but advance reservations are required.For more information you can call 970 349 0210.Talk of the TownIf you are looking for a good time , the Talk offers foosball , pinball , vi

30、deo games, good music, and pool tables any night of the week.Located in the center of Crested Butte on Elk Avenue , open daily at 3 : 00 pm, the Talk' s Happy Hour is from 3 : 00 to 8 : 00 pm.For further information , you can call 970 349 6809.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文介紹了 Nightlife Downtown Crested Butte為人們提供的幾個(gè)有趣

31、的節(jié)目。3. What is the purpose of the text?A . To promote some fun programs.B . To advertise the free bus system.C. To compare the night life items.D . To encourage more outdoor activities.B（2018遼寧葫蘆島一模）Two summers ago I was about to turn fifty and wanted to do something I' d never done before.My da

32、ughter Bailey thought skydiving（ 跳傘）would be perfect for me.I can promise you that of all the things I was thinking of doing , jumping out of an airplane never came close to making the list.As I age , I seem to have developed a growing fear of heights.After several requests from my daughter , I fina

33、lly said yes and she looked almost shocked.I told a friend what we were doing , then we set off.We had a 3-hour drive to the jump site.We drove through some beautiful countryside , but then we passed a small cemetery（墓地）.Then we passed another cemetery and another one.I asked if so many people died

34、jumping out of airplanes in this area that they needed to keep building more cemeteries to bury all the bodies!As we squeezed into the little plane , I tightly held the right hand of my partner Ronnie.The short ride to altitude was cruel for me.As Bailey stepped to the door , she looked back at me and said, “Dad, I' m sure you can do it! ” I said yes as she rolled out.I immediately looked behind me and said, “RONNIE I AM NOT FEELING GOOD ! ” He said, "It' s going to be great.Besides , it' s too late now anyway” , and