初中英語(yǔ)——一般將來(lái)時(shí)

1、初中英語(yǔ)一一一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在看來(lái)|,將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)|。常與tomorrow|, next year/week/month in a few days|, in the future|, sometimes next week等表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用 |。1 .一般將來(lái)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)形式(1) will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形 |。如：I think he will tell us the truth.W川 you be free this evening?What shall we do if he doesn ' t come?注意：shall用于第一人稱|

2、, will 一般用于第二和第三人稱|,在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中|, will也可用于第一人 稱|。will 和 shall 可以和代詞主語(yǔ)縮寫(xiě)：I shall(will) Ydu will - You；' He will 一 He； She will -She' lit will -It We shall(will)一WeYou will 一You'； They will -They' llwill和not可以縮寫(xiě)為：won'tshall和not可以縮寫(xiě)為shan't(2) will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成的一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句、否定句、特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)及

3、一般疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)：*一般疑問(wèn)句為：將will/shall放在句子開(kāi)頭|,且首字母要大寫(xiě)|,句末用問(wèn)號(hào)|。*肯定回答為：Yes|, +主語(yǔ)的相應(yīng)代詞+will或shall；*否定回答為：No|, +主語(yǔ)的相應(yīng)代詞+won't或shan'； t*否定句為：在will或shall后力口 not+動(dòng)詞原形|。will和shall可以和not縮寫(xiě)為won't|, shan't|。*特殊疑問(wèn)句為：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be的相應(yīng)形式+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+s?如：W川 your uncle visit our school next week?（般疑問(wèn)句） Yes|，| he will./

4、No| ， he won （肯定、否定回答） t.W川 your parents be back from America in a week?（一般疑問(wèn)句） Yes|，| they will./No| ， they won （肯定、否定回答） t.They won' t go to Xiaoping ' s hometown forSSp!）What will they do next week?（特殊疑問(wèn)旬）（3） be going to+動(dòng)詞原形 |。如：We are going to have a meeting to discuss the matter this e

5、vening.Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to rain soon.There is going to be an English evening this week.（4） be going to+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成的一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)何、否定何、特殊疑問(wèn)旬結(jié)構(gòu)及一般疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)：*一般疑問(wèn)何為：將am|, is|, are放在句子開(kāi)頭|,且首字母要大寫(xiě)|,旬末用問(wèn)號(hào)|。*肯定回答為：Yes|， +主語(yǔ)的相應(yīng)代詞+am|， is 或 are；*否定回答為：No|, +主語(yǔ)的相應(yīng)代詞+isn't或aren&

6、#39; （t第一人稱的否定回答是 No|, I' m not|。*否定句為：在 am|,is|, are后加 not+going to+動(dòng)詞原形 |°is 和 are可以和 not 縮寫(xiě)為 isn't|, aren't|。*特殊疑問(wèn)句為：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be的相應(yīng)形式+主語(yǔ)+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+?如：Are you going to have a picnic in the park?（一般疑問(wèn)句） Yes|，| we are./No|， we aren （肯定、否定回答） t. Is your teacher going to play basketb

7、all this afternoon （一般疑問(wèn)句）? Yes|，| he is./No|， he isn （肯定、否定回答） t.We aren ' t going to see the movie tomorrows定旬）What are they going to do this evening?（特殊疑問(wèn)旬）2.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法 1） 1） will/shall+ 動(dòng)詞原詞|，表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)|。特別是表示客觀性的事情或在某條件下要發(fā)生的事情|，只能用此結(jié)構(gòu)|。如：I will finish all the housework very soon.They wil

8、l move to Shanghai next month.We will go for a picnic if it doesn t rain this Sunday. 2） be going to+動(dòng)詞原形|。表示即將、將要、打算做已經(jīng)計(jì)劃或安排好了的事情|,也可表示有跡象表明肯定要發(fā)生的事情|。如：He is going to visit his grandparents on Saturday.Lin Tao and I are going to the zoo tomorrow.What are you going to do this weekend?第 3頁(yè) /共 6頁(yè)注意:be

9、 going to表示事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮的打算；will多表示意愿|,決心|。如：I ' m going to quit my present job.Can somebody help me- I will.(不能用 be going to替換)(1) come|, go|, leave arrive|, begin|, start|, stop|, close|, open|, die|, join|, borrow|, buy等短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞|,它們的“be+現(xiàn)在分詞”形式表示計(jì)劃或安排好的動(dòng)作或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或 存在的狀態(tài)|。如：Go ahead | and I ' m co

10、ming.The dog is dying.Hurry up. The shop is closing.We are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.(2)在條件狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中|,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作|。如：He will not come if it rains tomorrow.We will start our meeting as soon as our teacher comes.(3)在“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)中|,其中的陳述句要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)|。如：Work hard|, and you will pass the exa

11、m.Hurry up|, or you ' ll miss the early bus.(6)其他表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作句型:be to+動(dòng)詞原形|。表示一種職責(zé)、義務(wù)、意圖、約定、可能性等常規(guī)性的活動(dòng)或注定要做的事情|。如：Who is to clean the classroom today?When are you to return your library book?The bridge is to be completed by the end of this year.be about to+動(dòng)詞原形|。表示即將就要做或正好要做的事情|。往往暗含一種時(shí)間上的巧合|, 因此|,

12、句子不能再用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)|。如：Don' t leave. Li Lei is about to come.Be quiet. The concert is about to start.The plane is about to take off.The meeting is about to start now.注意：be+about to do結(jié)構(gòu)中不能接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)|。（誤）We are about to leave next week.be+about to do可用于when （就在那時(shí)）結(jié)構(gòu)中I was about to go to bed when the telephone

13、rang.=I was on the point of going to bed when the telephone rang.3. “will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形與be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”的用法區(qū)別Will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形與be going to+動(dòng)詞原形|,兩者均可表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間和意圖|,有時(shí)可換用|, 有時(shí)不可換用|。不可換用的情況主要是：第5頁(yè)/共6頁(yè)(1)若強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)意圖是事先考慮好的|,用be going to；若表示某個(gè)意圖沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮|,而是在說(shuō)話的當(dāng)時(shí)才臨時(shí)想到的|，則用will| 。試比較：“Mary is in hospital.”“Oh|, rea

14、lly? I didn ' t know. I ' ll go and喻Sit Ofc |,不能用 be going to)“Mary is in hospital.” “Yes| I know. I ' m going to visit her tomorrow先考慮的意圖 |, 不能用 will )(2)如果某種跡象表明要發(fā)生某事|,用be going to而不用will|。如：Look at those black clouds. It s going to rain.( 3) 在含有條件或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中|， 主句一般用will/shall+ 動(dòng)詞原形|， 而不用 be goingt