復(fù)雜長句的翻譯

1、復(fù)雜長句的翻譯n復(fù)雜長句是根據(jù)句子的的復(fù)雜程度來區(qū)分的，復(fù)雜長句是根據(jù)句子的的復(fù)雜程度來區(qū)分的，它包括含有它包括含有多個(gè)從句的主從復(fù)合句多個(gè)從句的主從復(fù)合句，兼有多個(gè)兼有多個(gè)并列和主從關(guān)系的并列復(fù)合句并列和主從關(guān)系的并列復(fù)合句，帶有多個(gè)并列帶有多個(gè)并列成分或修飾詞語較長的簡單句成分或修飾詞語較長的簡單句。因此，科技英。因此，科技英語翻譯者必須首先分析和弄清語翻譯者必須首先分析和弄清從句的語法結(jié)構(gòu)從句的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，從句與主句、短語與主句等之間的語法關(guān)系和從句與主句、短語與主句等之間的語法關(guān)系和邏輯關(guān)系，找出整個(gè)句子的中心內(nèi)容及其各層邏輯關(guān)系，找出整個(gè)句子的中心內(nèi)容及其各層意思，然后分析幾層意思之間

2、的相互邏輯關(guān)系，意思，然后分析幾層意思之間的相互邏輯關(guān)系，再按照漢語的特點(diǎn)和表達(dá)方式，根據(jù)句子特點(diǎn)再按照漢語的特點(diǎn)和表達(dá)方式，根據(jù)句子特點(diǎn)采取相應(yīng)的手段準(zhǔn)確地譯成漢語。采取相應(yīng)的手段準(zhǔn)確地譯成漢語。狀語從句nThe amount of deformation is directly proportional to the applied stress provided the force does not exceed a certain limit.nWithout a good deal of friction, a screw jack(螺旋千斤頂)under load would si

3、mply unwind(放松) the moment the applied force was released.同位語從句nThis is equivalent to a statement that everything is attracted by the earth.nThere is evidence (to show) that this equation holds.nThere is no doubt that there is no solution to that equation.nThere is every possibility that satisfactor

4、y results will be obtained.nThe reader may have on idea what this symbol stands for.nThe question arises whether this series converges.nThe users have no guarantee how long this kind of device will be operating.名詞性從句nIt does not matter how they are added.nWe are not interested in why a limited capac

5、ity exists, but what the limit is.nIt is necessary to determine what initial velocity the object was given.nIn these cases, the velocity may be either a positive or a negative number to indicate in which direction the object is moving.定語從句n略例句解析例句解析nBut now it is realized that supplies of some of th

6、em are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials.例句解析例句解析nIt therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there

7、 will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.例句解析例句解析nYou are the representative of a country and of a continent to which China feels particularly close.nWhat brings us together is that we have common interests which transcend those differences.例句解析例句解析nTelevision, i

8、t is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining.nPeople were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to s

9、tand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else.課堂討論課堂討論nWe assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter ap

10、art was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely. 課堂討論課堂討論nA very important world problem in fact, I am inclined to say it is the most important of all the great world problems which faces us at the present timeis the rapid increasing pressure of population on la

11、nd and on land resources. nThe method normally employed for electrons to be produced in electron tubes is thermionic emission， in which advantage is taken of the fact that， if a solid body is heated sufficiently， some of the electrons that it contains will escape from its surface into the surroundin

12、g space. 課堂討論課堂討論 nAluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century，because nowhere in nature is it found free，owing to its always being combined with other elements，most commonly with oxygen，for which it has a strong affinity. n It is because of the close association in most peoples minds of

13、tools with man that special attention has always been focused upon any animal able to use an object as a tool, but it is important to realize that this ability, on its own, does not necessarily indicate any special intelligence in the creature concerned. 課堂討論課堂討論nThis simple fact show that the more

14、of the force of friction is got rid of, the farther will the ball travel, and we are led to infer that, if all the impeding forces of gravitation and resistance could be removed, there is no reason why the ball, once in motion, should ever stop.n So it was that the farm poor were caught in their own

15、 past, the double victims of technology: exile from their home by advances in agricultural machinery; unfitted for life in city because of the consequences of industrial mechanization.課堂討論課堂討論nManufacturing processes may be classified as unit production with small quantities being made and mass prod

16、uction with large numbers of identical parts being produced. n There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference, between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher who w

17、eighs out his goods in common scales and the operations of a chemist who performs a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graduated weights. 課堂討論課堂討論nTo picture the stress state, select the origin of a reference system at the center of the contact area with x parallel to

18、the cylindrical axes, y perpendicular to the plane formed by the two cylinder axes, and the z in the plane of the contact force.nWhen a connection is desired which could be dissembled without destructive methods and which is strong enough to resist external tensile loads and shear loads, or a combin

19、ation of these, then the simple bolted joint using hardened washers is good solution.nHeat transfer is that science which seeks to predict the energy transfer which may take place between material bodies as a result of a temperature difference.nSpur gears are used for low speed applications and those situations where noise control is not a problem. Use of helical gears is indicated when application involves high speed, large power transmission, or