七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

1、一、重點(diǎn)詞組及短語(yǔ)：1.school rules 學(xué)校規(guī)章制度2.break（fallow/keep）the rules 違反(遵守)規(guī)章制度3. arrive late for class = be late for class 上課遲到4.dining hall飯廳，餐廳5. in class 在課堂上6.on time準(zhǔn)時(shí)（in time及時(shí)）7. eat in the classroom 在教室里吃東西8. wear a hat (hats) 戴帽子9. listen to 聽(tīng)10.school

2、uniforms校服11. wear uniforms穿制服12.I see我明白了13. have to do 不得不做14.be（keep）quiet保持安靜15.according to根據(jù)，依據(jù)16.make （up）ruler 制訂規(guī)則17.share （sth ）with sb和某人分享（）18. on school days在上學(xué)期間19. on school nights在校期間的晚上20. practice (playing) the piano 練習(xí)彈鋼琴practice doing  練習(xí)做2

3、1.go out外出22.see friends看望朋友23.clean (ones) room打掃房間24.do the dishes洗餐具25. too many/much太多的(可數(shù)/不可數(shù) )26.make (ones) bed鋪床27.go to bed去睡覺(jué)（be in bed 在床上）28.think about (sb/sth/doing sth)考慮（某人/某物/做某事）29.be strict (with sb)對(duì)某人）要求嚴(yán)格30.learn to do sth學(xué)（做某事）31. Don't talk. = No talking.不要說(shuō)話。二、

4、知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析1.Dont fight.不要打架。fight作動(dòng)詞，意為“打架、打仗”。其過(guò)去式為fought.fight for“為而斗爭(zhēng)”，后面常接抽象名詞，表示為事業(yè)、自由等而斗爭(zhēng)。Eg:They are fighting for freedom.他們正為自由而戰(zhàn)。fight against“為反對(duì)而戰(zhàn)斗”，后接事物名詞、人和國(guó)家名詞。Eg: They fought against the enemy.他們和敵人作戰(zhàn)。fight with“和打架”，“同（并肩）戰(zhàn)斗”，后只接表示人或國(guó)家的名詞。Eg:Dont fight with him.不要和他打架。【典型例題】They fou

5、ght _the Italians in the last war,but_them in this war.A. with; with B. with;for C. against ; against D.with; against2.Ms./Mrs./Miss.Ms.：“女士”，用于婚姻狀況不明或不想?yún)^(qū)分婚否的女子的姓前。Mrs.：“夫人”，用于已婚女子姓前。Madam:也用于已婚女子，意為“夫人、女士”，一般單獨(dú)使用，不與姓連用Miss.：“小姐”用于未婚女子姓前，還常用于年輕的女教師的姓前，可譯為“老師”。3. 辨析： get

6、 to/reach/arrive相同點(diǎn)：都是“到達(dá)“的意思不同點(diǎn)：get to+地點(diǎn)；reach+地點(diǎn)arrive at+小地點(diǎn)（車站等）；arrive in+大地點(diǎn)（國(guó)家等）注意：get to與地點(diǎn)副詞（here/there/home）不用介詞toEg:I want to go to Beijing.I got home at 15:00.我下午三點(diǎn)到的家。arrive是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面若接地點(diǎn)名詞則要和in/at連用，接地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)則不用介詞。Eg: I arrived home at 15:00. =I got home at 15:00.He arrived in Shanghai ye

7、sterday.他昨天到的上海。He arrived yesterday.他昨天到的。 reach是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接地點(diǎn)名詞或副詞。Eg:When will they reach here?【典型例題】-What time did the team_the top of the mountain?-At about 4:30 p.m.A.come B.go C.arrive D.arrive at4. on time“準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)”，指按規(guī)定的時(shí)刻不早不晚。Eg:He always go to school on

8、 time.他總是按時(shí)上學(xué)。in time“及時(shí)”，指沒(méi)有遲到，時(shí)間還充裕。Eg:Fireman reached the house on fire in time.消防員及時(shí)趕到那幢失火的房子。5.hear、listen和sound都有"聽(tīng)"的意思，但三者是有區(qū)別的： hear"聽(tīng)說(shuō)"側(cè)重于"聽(tīng)"的內(nèi)容。Eg:I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)你生病了我很難過(guò)。I never heard such an interesting story. 我從來(lái)沒(méi)聽(tīng)過(guò)

9、這么有趣的一個(gè)故事。 listen"聽(tīng)"側(cè)重于"聽(tīng)"這一動(dòng)作。Eg:Listen to me carefully. 認(rèn)真聽(tīng)我說(shuō)。The children like to listen to music. 孩子們喜歡聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。 sound"聽(tīng)起來(lái)"它是系動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞等。Eg:That sounds great. 那聽(tīng)起來(lái)真不錯(cuò)。It sounds like fun. 聽(tīng)起來(lái)挺有趣?！镜湫屠}】_carefully,or you are not able to_any

10、thing. (be able to do sth能夠做)A.Hear;listen B.Listen;hear C.Hear;listen D.Listen;listen6.辨析take,bringtake“帶走，拿走”指把東西從說(shuō)話地帶到別的地方。Eg:Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?你能幫我把這些書帶到教室里去嗎？bring“帶來(lái)”指把東西從別處帶到說(shuō)話地。Eg:Bring your homework here tomorrow,please.請(qǐng)你明天把作業(yè)帶到這兒來(lái)?！镜湫屠}

11、】_away this dirty shirt and _me a clean one.A.Take;bring B.Take;take C.Bring;take D.Bring;bring7. strict是形容詞，意為 “嚴(yán)格的”； “嚴(yán)厲的”，通常與be動(dòng)詞連用。be strict with sb “對(duì)某人嚴(yán)厲”Eg:Mr. White is very strict with us. 懷特先生對(duì)我們要求很嚴(yán)格。We should be strict with ourselves. 

12、;我們應(yīng)該對(duì)自己要求嚴(yán)格。be strict in (doing) sth “對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格”Eg:Our boss is strict in our work. 我們的老板對(duì)我們的工作要求嚴(yán)格。8.remember“記得，記住”，是及物動(dòng)詞，可以直接加名詞。remember doing sth記得已做某事（已做）Eg:I remember seeing him once.我記得見(jiàn)過(guò)他一次。remember to do sth 記得要做某事（還沒(méi)做）Eg:Remember to post the letter for me.記得給我寄這封信。forget

13、“忘記，忘了”，作remember反義詞時(shí)，用法和remember相同。9.help作動(dòng)詞意為“幫助”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：help sb (to) do sth幫助某人做某事help sb with sth(n.)幫助某人做某事Eg:I often help him with his lessons.我常幫他學(xué)功課。help oneself(myself/yourself/herself) to+n.請(qǐng)隨便用Eg:Please help yourselves to some fruit.請(qǐng)隨便吃些水果。help還可作名詞，表示“幫助”，是不可數(shù)。10.too mang,too

14、much與much too易混詞組意義及用法例句too mang形容詞，“太，太多”，接可數(shù)名詞There are too mang people in the park.too much形容詞，“太多”，接不可數(shù)名詞I have too much homework today.much too副詞，“太，非?！?，接形容詞或副詞My mother is much too busy.【典型例題】I have _skirts and this one is _large for me,so you can take it if you like.A. too

15、 mang; too much B. too much; much too C. too mang; much too11.either,too與also易混詞意義及用法例句either“也”，用于否定句中，置于句末時(shí)用“，”隔開I wont go there,either.too“也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔開I like dancing,too.also“也”，用于肯定句句中I also like English.【典型例題】I dont like her, _.A.also B.too C.either D.to10.have

16、0;fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得開心，過(guò)得愉快12.be in bed "在床上、臥床"，in 和bed之間不能用冠詞，bed也不用復(fù)數(shù)。Eg:He is in bed for 10 years. 他臥床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大衛(wèi)每晚必須很早睡覺(jué)。 .13.No talking ! "禁止交談。"no后面加上名詞或動(dòng)名詞doing也表示不要做某事。與don't +do的用法相似。Eg:No wet umbr

17、ellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放濕雨傘No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸煙三、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have to 的用法：意思是"必須、不得不"它側(cè)重于客觀上的必要和外界的權(quán)威。 結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+have to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用has to，其它時(shí)候

18、用have to（過(guò)去時(shí)：無(wú)論人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)都用had to.）Eg:We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在體育課上我們必須穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 湯姆每天必須練習(xí)彈吉它。（I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一我不得不早上5點(diǎn)起床。） 否定形式:主語(yǔ)+don't have to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用doesn't have to,其它時(shí)候用don

19、9;t have to.(過(guò)去時(shí): 無(wú)論人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)都用didn't have to)Eg:Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我們不必馬上完成作業(yè)。 疑問(wèn)句：Do 、Does或Did+主語(yǔ)+have to +動(dòng)詞原形+其他Eg:-Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必須呆在家里嗎-Yes, I do.

20、 / No, I don't. 是的我必須。不我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚他不得不11點(diǎn)前上床睡覺(jué)嗎？【典型例題】Lucy has to wear sports shoes for gym class.(該為否定句)Lucy _ _ to wear sports shoes for gym class.2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的用法：must表示說(shuō)話人的主觀看法，及主觀上的必要性，還用于命令或愿望。只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)，無(wú)人稱和單數(shù)的變化。在表示過(guò)去、將來(lái)和完成時(shí)，用have to的相應(yīng)形式來(lái)代替mus

21、t. 在表示有做某一個(gè)動(dòng)作的必要和義務(wù)，它的意思是“必須，應(yīng)該”。Eg:You must finish your homework fist.你必須先完成作業(yè)。 表示有很大把握的判斷或者推測(cè)，意思是“一定，準(zhǔn)是”。Eg:The tall man must be your father.那個(gè)高個(gè)子男人一定是你的爸爸。 以must開頭的一般疑問(wèn)句，它的否定回答用neednt（不必要），不用mustnt（不允許），mustnt常用于否定句中表示“不允許，禁止”。Eg:-Must I go there on foot?我必須得走過(guò)去嗎？-No,you

22、neednt.不，你不需要。You mustnt park your car here.你的車不允許停在這兒?！镜湫屠}】Its very warm outside.You _wear the coat.A.have to B.hadnt C.dont have to D.mustnt3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的用法： 表示能力："會(huì)""能"，在第上冊(cè)中已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)這種用法Eg:Can you play the guitar? 你會(huì)彈吉它嗎Judy can speak a little

23、Chinese. 朱蒂會(huì)說(shuō)一點(diǎn)中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。 表示允許、許可："可以"、"能"即在這一課中新學(xué)的詞義Eg:Can the students run in the hallways? 學(xué)生們可以在走廊上跑嗎We can eat outside. 我們可以在外面吃東西。Can I come in? 我能進(jìn)來(lái)嗎注意：同樣是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can 和have to 的用法是有區(qū)別的，和大部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一樣，can在否定句

24、中直接在can后加上not；在疑問(wèn)句中把can放到主語(yǔ)前面，并且沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，而 have to 是有相應(yīng)變化的，詳情請(qǐng)參照上一條?！镜湫屠}】The children _play football on the road.A.can B.must C.mustnt D.may-Must I clean the blackboard?-No,you _.A.neednt B.mustnt C.cant D.may notYour mother _there,she has gone to America.A.must be B.could be C.may be D.cant be4. 祈使句（Imperative Sentence）定義：用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表達(dá)命令，因此在學(xué)校文法中也常稱為命令句。祈使句因?qū)ο螅粗髡Z(yǔ)）是第二人稱，所以通常都省略。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句末則使用句號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)來(lái)表示結(jié)束。祈使句的肯定句：行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他Eg:Go and wash you