新人教新目標版八年級英語下冊Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents短語語法知識點總結

1、Un it 4 Why dont you talk to your pare nts、必背短語Sectio n A 部分1.允許某人去做某事allow sb. to do sth2.和打架get into a fight with3.談論關于talk about4.在電話中on the phone5.瀏覽、翻看look through6.重要的事a big deal7.生某人的氣be angry with8.成功解決、計算出work out9.和.相處得好get on with 10.有足夠的睡眠get eno ugh sleep11.籠罩hang over12.主動提出做offer to d

2、o 13.和交流com muni cate with 14.拒絕做某事refuse to do15.向某人解釋explain sth. to sb.16.抄襲某人的作業(yè)copy one s homeworkSection B 部分1.家庭成員family members2.業(yè)余活動free time activities3.與某人競爭compete with sb.4.提出某人的觀點give one s opinion5.學習應試技巧lear n exam skills6.依.的觀點看in one s opinion7.刪除，刪減cut out8.總的做某事（厭煩等）be always doi

3、ng sth.【教材內容解析】Sectio n A1. My parents don tallowme to hang out with my friends. (P. 25)allow doi ng sth. 允許做某事翻譯： The shopkeeper ( 店員)doesnt allow smoking in any corner of the shop.allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事翻譯： His parents allow him to play computer games if he finishes his homework.2. Igot into a

4、 fight with_my best friend. (P. 25)get into a fight with sb.意為和某人打架”，相當于 have a fight with sb.或者 fight with sb.。翻譯：He got drunk ( 醉酒的)and got into a fight with Jim.3.Whafs wrong? (P. 25)What s wrong?意為怎么了？”，用來詢問對方有什么問題或者不順心的事，What s wrongwith.? 意為.怎么了？” ，后接 sb.或者 sth.，用來詢問某人或者某物怎么了？-What s wrong wit

5、h you, Jim?-I left my umbrella on the bus.【拓展】詢問“怎么了？” ，主要有以下幾種句型：What s wrong (with sb./sth.)?What s the matter (with sb./sth.)?What s the trouble (with sb./sth.)?What s up (with sb./sth.)?4. I m really tired because I studieduntilmidnight last night. (P. 25)un til 表示“直到”和延續(xù)性動詞連用，意為一個動作一直持續(xù)到某個點為止；同

6、短暫性行動連用時，用于“ n ot.u ntil”結構中，表示“直到.才.”。翻譯： The boy waited in the school un til his father came to pick him up.翻譯： The workers won t leave until they get their salary (工資).5.Why don t yougo to sleep earlier this evening? (P. 25)Why don t you do sth.?意為“你為什么不做某事”，常用來向對方提出意見，相當于 Whynot do sth.??？隙ɑ卮鹩?G

7、ood idea./Good./All right./Sure.否定回答用 No, I don t think so./Sorry, I can-Why don t you go sleeping with us?-Good idea.6. Well, Ifoundmy sisterlooking throughmy things yesterday. (P. 26)(1) find sb. doing sth.表示“發(fā)現某人正在做某事”，表示動作正在進行。翻譯： Tomfound a manstealing something when he was in the supermarket y

8、esterday.look through 意為“快速查看、瀏覽”。翻譯：It is a good habit to look through n ewspapers every day.【拓展】look 的相關短語look forward to 盼望、期待look up 查閱look into 調查look after 照看7.Althoughshe s wrong,its not a big deal. (P. 26)等;t.等。(1) although 是連詞，意為“雖然、即使”，相當于 though，引導讓步狀語從句。翻譯： Although/Though my gran dma is

9、 old, she is very healthy.it s not a big deal意為沒什么大不了、不是什么大事”翻譯： Change the time of the meet in g. It s not a big deal.8.Hope thingswork out. (P. 26)work out 此處表示成功地發(fā)展”，后常跟 fine, well, badly 等詞，表示產生的結果如何;此外 work out 還可以表示解決、制定出”。翻譯： Everyth ing is work ing out well.翻譯： The math problem is difficult

10、for me to work out.翻譯：I have worked out a new way of doing it.9.My problem is that I cantget on withmy family. (P. 27)get on with 意為和睦相處”，后接人作賓語，相當于 get alo ng with翻譯： The new teacher is gett ing on/along with the stude nts.【拓展】get on/alo ng with sth. 意為在. 方面取得進展”翻譯： How are you gett ing on with you

11、r essay?10. When theyargue, it s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. (P. 27)argue 用作動詞，表示爭吵”，argue with sb.與某人爭吵”;argue about sth. 就某事爭論”。翻譯： Mary ofte n argues with her mother about which clothes to wear.翻譯： They were arguing about the matter aga in.11. Also, myelderbrother is not very n

12、ice to me. (P. 27)elder 用作形容詞，意為年紀較長的”，反義詞是 younger。His elder brother is ill.【拓展】elder 和 older 的區(qū)別elder 用來表示兄弟姐妹以及子女之間的長幼關系，常用作定語；older 泛指新舊、老幼或者年齡大小的關系，可以用作表語或者定語。12. He alwaysrefusesto let me watch my favorite TV show. (P. 27)refuse 表示拒絕”時，后常接名詞或者動詞不定式作賓語。翻譯： The girl refused the offer from Oxford

13、 Uni versity.翻譯： Most of the reside nts refused to move away from here.13.In steadhe watcheswhateverhe wantsun til late at ni ght. (P. 27)(1) in stead 是副詞，用于句尾，在句中作狀語；in stead of 是介詞短語，用于句中，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。翻譯： He will be on duty in stead of me tomorrow.翻譯：They did n t go swim ming. They went to play foo

14、tball in stead.whatever 表示無論什么、不管什么”，引導讓步狀語從句，相當于no matter what翻譯： Whatever difficulties he may meet, he will overcome them.14. If you parents are having problems, you shouldofferto help. (P. 27)offer 表示“提供”時，作雙賓語動詞，常用的結構為：offer sb. sth. 相當于 offer sth. to sb.“為某人提供某物”。翻譯： The restaura nt offers free

15、 coffee to customers.=The restaura nt offers customers free coffee.offer to do sth.“主動提出做某事”翻譯： The kind man offered to help the old lady across the road.15.Secon dly, why dont you sit dow n andcom muni catewith your brother? (P. 27)(1) secondly 用作副詞，意為“第二、其次”，常與 firstly, thirdly 或者 lastly/finally 等

16、表示順序先后的詞，表示列舉某些事實。Firstly, they are not efficie nt, and sec on dly, they are expe nsive to make.(2) com muni cate with sb.表示“與某人交流”翻譯： People can com muni cate with each other freely on the Intern et.16. You shouldexplainthat you dontmindhim watching TV all the time. (P. 27)(1) explain 表示“解釋”，后常接名詞作

17、賓語，explain sth. to sb.意為“向某人解釋某事”。翻譯：The teacher explained the answer to the question to his students again andagai n._mi nd 的用法：mind doi ng sth.介意做某事翻譯： Would you mind ope ning the window please?mind sb s/sb doing sth.介意某人做某事翻譯： Do you mi nd my/me call ing you at ni ght?17. My cousins borrow my thi

18、ngs withoutreturningthem. (P. 28)return 此處用作及物動詞，表示歸還”，相當于 give back, return sth. to sb.=returnsb. sth.。翻譯：I m going to return this book to the library.18. Your best friend doesnottrust youanymore(P. 28)not.anymore相當于 not.any more 意為 不再.”。not.any more 相當于 no more,表示不再”，強調程度或者數量上不再.;not.anylonger 相當于

19、 no Ion ger ，表示不再”，強調時間上不再.。翻譯：I can t eat any more, because I am full.=I can no more eat, because I am full.翻譯： The village is not what it was ten years ago any Ion ger.=The village is no Ion ger what it was ten year ago.Sectio n B1.My parents give me a lot ofpressureabout school. (P. 29)pressure 此

20、處用作不可數名詞，意為壓力”，under pressure 表示壓力之下”。翻譯：I feel I m not able to do well with the pressure from my job.2.I have tocompete withmy classmates at school. (P. 29)compete with 意為 與.競爭 / 對抗 ”，相當于 compete aga in st.翻譯：It is difficult for a small store to compete with/aga inst a supermarket.3.The Taylorsare

21、a typical American family. (P. 30)“ the+姓氏的復數”表示一家人，用作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式。The Gree ns live in Los An geles.4.Maybe I couldcut outa few of their activities, but I believe these activitiesare important for my children s future. (P. 30)cut out 意為“刪除、刪去”。翻譯： You had better cut out that sentence.5. They have a

22、 quick dinner, and thenit s time forhomework. (P. 30)It s time for sth. 意為“該做某事了” ，相當于 It s time to do sth. 。It s time for lunch.=It s time to have lunch._6. “In some families, competition starts very young andcontinuesuntil the kidsget older, ” she days. (P. 30)continue 表示“繼續(xù)”，后接動詞不定式或者動名詞作賓語。翻譯： M

23、rs. Gree n continued work ing/to work after she had her baby.7. And theyare always comparingthem with other children. (P. 30)(1) be always doing sth.意為“一直做某事、總是做某事”，含有贊揚、抱怨或厭惡等感情色彩，不表示正在發(fā)生的動作。翻譯： She was always movi ng things pare 表示“比較”時，常用的結構有兩個：compare.with. “把.同. 比較” ;compare.to.“扌巴.比作.”。翻譯： Don

24、 t compare your children with others.翻譯： We ofte n compare the little kids to the flowers of the motherla nd.8. People shouldn tpushtheir kids so hard. (P. 30)push 這里用作動詞，表示“鞭策、敦促、推動”。翻譯： Don t push yourself too hard.翻譯： My pare nts push me to lear n En glish well.9. Dr. Alice says all these activit

25、ies cancausea lot of stress for children. (P.30)cause 這里是及物動詞，表示“引起、造成”，cause sb. sth.相當于 cause sth. for sb.。The little boy caused his pare nts a lot of trouble.=The little boy caused a lot of trouble for his pare nts.翻譯：_【拓展】cause sb. to do sth. 意為“導致某人做某事”What caused him to cha nge his mind?10.In

26、my opinion, it is important for children/parents to.(P. 32)in ones opinion 意為 依. 看”，相當于 according to sb.翻譯：In their opinion, the meeti ng should be put off.11.You could tell him toturn downthe TV. (P. 32)turn dow n 意為關小、調低”翻譯： Could you please turn down the radio a little.【語法講解】（一）情態(tài)動詞 should 和 could1. should 的用法（1）表示“應該，應當”。（2）表示“可能，該（=will probably ）”（3）表示粗暴地拒絕一項建議、要求或指示。例如：He should work ha