陜西科技大學(xué)工商管理碩士(MBA)課件-2015-《商務(wù)英語(yǔ)》-邢戰(zhàn)雷-3-Management Principles

1、nDefine management and understand its role in achieving organizational objectives.nIdentify three levels of management and explain how the focuses of managers at each level differ.nDescribe the major functions of management.l An organization is any group of individuals who work together for the achi

2、evement of some stated or implied（名言或不名言的） objective.l Two major types of organization:l - business organizationl - nonprofit organizationn A business organization may be a large automobile manufacture, a grocery store, or an accounting firm.n Regardless of the products they sell, all three types of

3、 business consists of a group of individuals who work together to achieve an objective.n the objective of most business organizations is nto increase profits, percentage of market share, or sales volume; nto gain customers; nto minimize costs.lTo achieve its objectives, every organization must have

4、resources, which generally fall into three types.l - human resourcesl people (employees)l - physical resourcesl equipment, machinery, raw materials, etc.l - financial resourcesl money and other valuable assets（IPs，知識(shí)，知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)）產(chǎn)權(quán)）n In order to the use of resources to achieve organizational objectives, ma

5、nagers a series of activities: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.n Although each function is described , the five functions are , and managers sometimes perform two or more of them at the same time.nPlanningnOrganizingnStaffingnDirectingnControllingn Controlling is the proce

6、ss evaluating and correcting activities to keep the organization on course. n The essence of controlling is adjustmentchecking actual events against the plans and reconciling the differences.n Detailed measures for controlling:nMeasuring the performance of the organization.nComparing present performance with standards or objectives.nIdentifying deviations fr