2020-2021年人教版英語(yǔ)專題訓(xùn)練中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1

1、2020-2021年人教版英語(yǔ)專題訓(xùn)練中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1一、初三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(含答案詳細(xì)解析)1 .閱讀理解Radio and television are very popular in the world today. Millions of people watch TV. Perhaps more people listen to the radio.The TV, of course, is more useful than the radio. On TV you can see and hear what is happening in the world.Now the rad

2、io is not disappearing. It's still with us. And the number of listeners is becoming larger. One reason for this is the invention of the transistor(晶體管) radio. The transistor radiois sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry. You can put one in your pocket and listen to it on the bus when yo

3、u go to work. It is better for blind people. Many old people don't have good sight (視力) to watch TV. When people are working , they can't watch TV but they can listen to music or news over the radio. What's more , the radio is much cheaper than the TV.(1) After the television was invente

4、d , people.A. think it is unnecessary to use the radio B. don't want to use the radio any moreC. are still using the radioD. find the radio is disappearing(2) One of the reasons for the larger number of listeners of the radio is that.A. the TV was inventedB. the transistor radio was inventedC. p

5、eople don't like watching TVD. millions of people watch TV(3) listen to the radio more because their sight isn't good enough.A. ChildrenB. Young peopleC. Old peopleD. Adults(4) Usually can be used easily while people are moving or working.A. the radio B. the TV C. both the TV and the radio D

6、. neither the radio nor the TV 【答案】(1) C B(3) C(4) A【解析】 【分析】大意：本文講述收音機(jī)和電視機(jī)在世界上的很受歡迎，電視與收音機(jī) 比，電視更有用，然而收音機(jī)由于體積小便宜，便于攜帶，聽(tīng)眾也越來(lái)越多，深受老年人 喜愛(ài)。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Perhaps more people listen to the radio.可知，電視發(fā)明后，人們依然使 用收音機(jī)，故選a(2) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) One reason for this is the invention of the transistor(晶體管) radio.可知，收音機(jī)聽(tīng)眾的數(shù)量更多其中

7、一個(gè)原因是晶體管收音機(jī)被發(fā)明，故選 Bo(3)推斷題。根據(jù) Many old people don't have good sight(視力)to watch TV.可知，老年人由于視力不好聽(tīng)廣播的人更多，故選Co(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) When people are working , they can't watch TV but they can listen to music or news over the radio.可知，通常人們移動(dòng)或者工作時(shí)可以聽(tīng)收音機(jī)，故選 A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題和推斷題是閱讀理解題中常考題型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上

8、下文，推斷出需要的信息。2 .根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容出選擇正確答案。AA farmer had a brother in town who was a gardener, and his brother had a garden full of the finest fruit trees. So his skill and his beautiful trees were famous everywhere. One day the farmer went into the town to visit his brother, and was surprised at the trees that g

9、rew quite well."Look, my brother," said the gardener. "I will give you an apple tree, the best from my garden, and you, and your children, and your children's children will enjoy it."Then the gardener called his workmen and ordered them to take up the tree and carry it to his

10、 brother's farm. They did so, and the next morning the farmer began to wonder where he should plant it."If I plant it on the hill," he said to himself, "the wind might catch it and shake down the delicious fruit before it is ripe. If I plant it close to the road, passersby will se

11、e it and take away the apples-but if I plant it too near the door of my house, my children may pick the fruit." So, after he had thought the matter over, he planted the tree behind his barn (谷倉(cāng))Time passed, but the tree had no fruit the first year, nor the second-then the farmer called his brot

12、her. When the gardener came, the farmer said angrily, "You have cheated me, and given me a useless tree instead of a fruitful one. This is the third year and still it brings out nothing but leaves! "The gardener laughed and said, "See where the tree was planted, it has no sun or warmt

13、h. How could you expect flowers and fruit?"(11) From the passage, we can see the farmer planted the apple treeA. behind his barn B. on the hill C. close to the road D. near his house(12) The underlined word "ripe" means "" in Chinese.A.掛果減熟Cf花醵長(zhǎng)(13) What is NOT mentioned in

14、the fifth paragraph?A. What happened to the apple tree.B. Why the farmer got angry with his brother.C. What kind of man the farmer was.D. Why the farmer called his brother.(14) Which of the following is NOT true?A. The farmer's brother had a garden full of the finest fruit trees.B. The gardener

15、gave his brother the best apple tree from his garden.C. No flowers, fruit or leaves were on the apple tree.D. The farmer thought his brother gave him a useless tree. What do you know from the end of the story?A. The farmer moved the tree to the roadside.B. The gardener took the tree to the roadside.

16、C. The tree will have no fruit any more.D. The gardener taught the farmer a lesson.【答案】（ 1 ） A（ 2） B（ 3） C（ 4） C（ 5） D【解析】【分析】農(nóng)民從城里的園丁那里移植了一棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，把它種在他的谷倉(cāng)后面，三年了，果樹(shù)沒(méi)有長(zhǎng)出像園丁說(shuō)的那樣的果子。這是為什么呢？園丁來(lái)了一看恍然大悟。（ 1 ）細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第四段So, after he had thought the matter over, he planted the treebehind his barn （谷倉(cāng)）.可知選A。（

17、 2）詞義猜測(cè)。句意：“如果我把它種在山上，在果實(shí)成熟前大風(fēng)會(huì)吹果樹(shù)，把可口的果實(shí)晃掉?！币虼诉xB。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段可知，兩年樹(shù)沒(méi)有結(jié)果實(shí)；農(nóng)民很生氣，給哥哥打電話說(shuō)他哥哥騙他。沒(méi)有提到農(nóng)民是怎么樣一個(gè)人，故選C。（ 4）細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段This is the third year and still it brings out nothing but leaves! 可知樹(shù)沒(méi)有開(kāi)花結(jié)果，但是長(zhǎng)有葉子。故選C。（5）推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段，園丁告訴農(nóng)民樹(shù)不結(jié)果的原因，故選D,給他上了一課。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解考查對(duì)篇章的把握和對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的識(shí)別能力，答題時(shí)注意緊扣問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞，在文章中

18、尋找答案。3 閱讀理解Friends are important to the children. Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life. Friendship provides children with more than just fun. By making friends, children learn how to get in touch with others and solve problems. Having friends ev

19、en does good to children's study for they can help each other after class.If parents care about their children whether they have made many friends, what matters is that the child is comfortable and happy with his friends. Parents need to understand the steps children take in building friendships

20、.First of all, be a friend of your child's. Good friendships start at home. Children begin to develop the necessary ability to go out and meet others through getting on with their parents.Greet the child warmly and let him know you are glad to see him. Children learn a lot from how their parents

21、 stay with them and other people.Teach children how to solve conflicts. Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others. If parents know the children have a conflict, let them work it out on their own. Only step in if it is really necessary, for example, an argume

22、nt is getting physical.Give children chances to practise staying together. Make children play games that require teamwork and group problem-solving skills. For example, races are fun and provide plenty of practice in teamwork. "In what way didn't you work well together? What might you do di

23、fferently next time?" For these ideas, read books such as Cooperative Sports and Games Book by Terry Orlick, and Team Building Activities for Every Group by Alanna Jones.Encourage children to express thanks to others. Parents can encourage children to do this by setting examples for them.(1) Ac

24、cording to the article, if one child has no friend, he will .A. have some troubles in the futureB. worry about everything in the futureC. not know the importance of making friendshD. not find anybody to help him(2) Friendships can be helpful to children EXCEPT.A. providing a lot of funB. getting in

25、touch with othersC. solving problemsD. helping others to cheat in the exams(3) The writer's purpose of writing the article is to A. tell what parents should do to help children make friendsB. show having friends even does good to children's study during the classesC. tell parents to understa

26、nd the steps of children's friendshipsD. show how important friendships are to children(4) When children have a conflict, parents should A. let them fight with each other until they find who the winner isB. do nothing to the children and believe their abilitiesC. let them work it out by themselv

27、es and help if necessaryD. talk with them and try to find good ways to let them stay together【答案】(1) AD(3) A(4) C【解析】【分析】文章大意：朋友對(duì)孩子很重要。友誼給孩子們帶來(lái)的不僅僅是樂(lè)趣。通過(guò)交朋友，孩子們學(xué)會(huì)了如何與他人聯(lián)系和解決問(wèn)題。有朋友甚至對(duì)孩子的學(xué)習(xí)有好處， 因?yàn)樗麄兛梢栽谡n后互相幫助。作為家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)如何幫助自己的孩子交朋友，本文就這問(wèn) 題給我們提出了一些建議。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) Research shows that children who have no fri

28、ends can suffer from difficulties later in life. 可知，如果孩子沒(méi)有朋友，在未來(lái)的生活中會(huì)遇到一些困難， 故答案是Ao2 2) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題， 根據(jù) Friendship provides children with more than just fun. By making friends, children learn how to get in touch with others and solve problems. Having friends even does good to children's study for they

29、 can help each other after class.可知，有可以給孩子們帶來(lái)更多的樂(lè)趣，學(xué)會(huì)如何跟別人相處，也可以幫著提高自己的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)，而 不會(huì)幫著別人在考試中作弊，故答案是Do3 3) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) Parents need to understand the steps children take in buildingA。friendships.可知，文章告訴家長(zhǎng)該如何做來(lái)幫著孩子交朋友，故答案是(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) If parents know the children have a conflict, let them work it out on their

30、 own.可知，如果父母知道孩子們有了沖突，要讓孩子們自己解決，故答案是C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和邏輯推理題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中 尋找答案。4.閱讀理解This year the US will honour©己念) one of the country's most famous writers-Mark Twain(1835-1910) .Most readers know that his real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens, but how many know where the pen name &

31、quot;Mark Twain" came from?The answer shows Clemens' colourful early life before he became a writer. "Mark Twain" was the cry shouted on a ship when the ship entered a part of a river that was two fathoms (6 feet) deep. "Twain" is an old-fashioned way of saying "two

32、". Twain trained as a ship pilot on the Mississippi river for two years, a time that he wrote about in the humorous Life on the Mississippi (1883).The famous river would become an important theme in many of his works-who could forget the journey of Huck and Jim along it in his most famous book,

33、 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884).With little education, he had to teach himself how to write stories. Whenever possible, he would go to public libraries. There he spent much time reading and thinking, which greatly helped him with his writing.On the other hand, his life experiences gave hi

34、m wonderful material to write about and attract readers. Twain wrote in a style that has been called "local colour" because it shows great knowledge of local people and their customs.The gift is very clear in the two books for which Twain is still celebrated today: The Adventures of Tom Sa

35、wyer (1876) and its follow-up The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which many people call "The Great American Novel".The most amazing invention in his book is the voice of Huck himself. Huck did not enjoy schooling. It shows in the way he uses language, in a spoken style. Only a master like

36、 Twain could copy the way a young southern boy talked so well.(1) What does the underlined word "gift" mean in the passage?A. Twain's talent for self-teaching.B. Twain's "local colour" writing style.C. Twain's good sense of humour.D. Twain's experiences as a ship

37、pilot.(2) According to the passage, what is the best part of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn?A. The deep social meaning.B. The exciting life experiences.C. The special way that Huck talks.D. The nice view of the Mississippi.(3) Which is the most suitable place in the passage for the sentence, &qu

38、ot;Twain did not come from the writer's background you might expect."?A. At the beginning of Paragraph 2.B. At the beginning of Paragraph 3.C. At the beginning of Paragraph 4.D. At the beginning of Paragraph 5.(4) What is the passage mainly about ?A. Mark Twain's career as a great write

39、r.B. Mark Twain's interest in describing local life.C. Mark Twain's achievements in American literature field.D. Mark Twain's life experiences which influenced his writing.【答案】(1) BC(3) C(4) D【解析】【分析】主要講了著名的作家之一馬克吐溫的筆名的來(lái)歷及他的生活經(jīng)歷給了他寫(xiě)作的極好的素材。(1) 推斷題。根據(jù) Twain wrote in a style that has been

40、called "local colour" because it shows great knowledge of local people and their customs.可知吐溫以一種被稱為地方色彩”的風(fēng)格寫(xiě)作，因?yàn)樗@示了對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝思捌滹L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的深刻了解，所以 gift指的是吐溫的被稱為地方 色彩”的風(fēng)格寫(xiě)作，故選B。(2) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) The most amazing invention in his book is the voice of Huck himself. 他書(shū)中 最驚人的發(fā)明是哈克自己的聲音，故選Co(3) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) With little

41、education, he had to teach himself how to write stories. 可知馬 克吐溫學(xué)歷低，并不是來(lái)自你期望的作家背景，故選 Co(4) 主旨題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了著名的作家之一一一馬克吐溫的筆名的來(lái)歷及他的生活經(jīng)歷給了他寫(xiě)作的極好的素材。故選Do【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意 從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。5.閱讀理解He was an old man who fished alone in a small boat on t

42、he sea and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boy's parents had told him that the old man was now salao, which was the worst form of unluck, and the boy had gone with another boat which

43、 caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty. The sail looked like the flag of failure forever.The old man was thin with deep wrinkles (皺紋)in the back of his neck. His face was terribly brown because of the strong sunlight on the

44、 sea every day and his hands had the deep scars (傷 疤)from dealing with heavy fish on the lines. But none of these were fresh. Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful."Santiago," the boy said to him as they climbed the bank fro

45、m the sea. "I could go with you again. We've made some money."The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him."No, "the old man said." You're with a lucky boat. Stay with them.""But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then

46、we caught big ones every day for three weeks.""I remember," the old man said."It was papa who made me leave. I am a boy and I must follow him.""I know," the old man said. "It is quite normal.""He hasn't much faith (信心).""No," the o

47、ld man said." But we have. Haven't we?""Yes," the boy said. "Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace?""Why not?" the old man said. "Between fishermen."(1) In the story the old man was the boy's .A. grandfatherB. friendC. bossD. host(2) The word

48、 "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to of the old man.A. the handsB. the scarsC. the eyesD. the wrinkles(3) The old man refused the boy to go fishing with him again because .A. he wanted to fish by himselfB. he could really understand his parentsC. the boy asked for some moneyD. the boy had alre

49、ady learnt how to fish(4) From the story we can know that LA. the old man was always full of hopeB. the boy's parents believed in the old manC. everyone laughed at the old man's bad luckD. the boy was worried about the old man's health【答案】(1) BC(3) B(4) A【解析】【分析】主要講了一個(gè)老人84天沒(méi)有捕到魚(yú)了，男孩的父母不讓

50、小男孩和老人一起捕魚(yú)，認(rèn)為老人運(yùn)氣不好，老人比較理解男孩的父母。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)全文可知小男孩和老人一起去捕魚(yú)，他們的關(guān)系是朋友關(guān)系，故選Bo(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Everything about him was old except his eyes 除了他的眼睛，他周圍的一 切都很老，所以they代指眼睛，即eyes,故選C。(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) "It was papa who made me leave. I am a boy and I must follow him." "I know," the old man said. "It

51、is quite normal."可知老人理解男孩爺爺?shù)南敕ǎ跃芙^小男孩再次和他一起去捕魚(yú)，故選 Bo(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)"He hasn't much faith (信心).""No," the old man said." But we have.Haven't we?"可知男孩爺爺對(duì)老人沒(méi)有信心，但是老人和男孩有信心，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。6.閱讀理解Almost every Chinese can recite the famous poem, &qu

52、ot;Every grain on the plate comes from hard work (誰(shuí)知盤(pán)中餐，粒粒皆辛苦)."But sadly, many of us don't actually get the real meaning ofthese lines: Don't waste food.A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people

53、 for a year.Do we have too much food? No, according to the UN World Food Programme, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.Chinese people are well-known for being generous. Many even feel that they

54、 will lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table.Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. In November, 2011, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, became famous because she took some leftover(乘 U余的)food home for her son. Many people stood

55、 by her side and agreed that it was not right to waste food.What should we do in our daily lives to save food? Here are some tips :Do not order too much in a restaurant. Only order what you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.Don't be too picky (挑易U的

56、) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it.Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, especially vegetables and fruit.(1) According to News One Plus One, Chinese people.A. save enough food to feed 200 million people for a yearB. throw away lots of foo

57、d every yearC. get enough food to feed millions of people every yearD. have to feed 200 million hungry people every year(2) In the third paragraph, we know that A. we have too much food to feed people in the worldB. there were 925 million people in developing countriesC. because of hunger, 6 million

58、 children die every yearD. there are only a few people getting hungry every year(3) From the fourth and fifth paragraphs, we can conclude (得出結(jié)論) that.A. all Chinese people are generousB. Chinese people always waste foodC. Li Hong became famous because she wasted foodD. everyone should get into the h

59、abit of saving food(4) What's the main topic of the passage?A. Don't waste food.B. Many people die of hunger.C. Don't be picky about food.D. Eat all the food you order.【答案】(1) BC(3) D(4) A【解析】【分析】主要講了許多人現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)意識(shí)到節(jié)約食物食的重要性及在日常生活中節(jié)約食物的方式。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reporte

60、d that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. 可知央視節(jié)目 新 聞一加一報(bào)道說(shuō)，中國(guó)人每年扔掉的食物足以養(yǎng)活一年2億人，即中國(guó)人每年扔掉許多食物，故選B。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year. 可知 2010 年，全世界有 9.25 億饑餓人口，特別是發(fā)展中國(guó)家，每年有600萬(wàn)兒童死于饑餓。故選Co3 3) 推斷題。根據(jù)