大學(xué)四級(jí)英語寫作解析

1、 四級(jí)作文評(píng)分原則四級(jí)作文評(píng)分原則四級(jí)考試大綱寫作要求 能在閱讀難度與課文相仿的書面材料時(shí)做筆記、回答問題和寫提綱，能就一定的話題或提綱在半小時(shí)內(nèi)寫出120-150詞的短文，能寫短信或便條，表達(dá)意思清楚，無重大語言錯(cuò)誤。 四級(jí)作文評(píng)分原則四級(jí)作文評(píng)分原則1. CET是檢查考生是否達(dá)到大學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定的四級(jí)和六級(jí)教學(xué)要求，對(duì)作文的評(píng)判應(yīng)以此要求為準(zhǔn)則。2. CET作文題采用總體評(píng)分(Global Scoring) 方法，閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)分(reward scores), 而不是按語言點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)誤數(shù)目扣分。四級(jí)作文評(píng)分原則四級(jí)作文評(píng)分原則3.從內(nèi)容和語言兩個(gè)方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)判。內(nèi)容和

2、語言兩個(gè)方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)判。 作文應(yīng)表達(dá)題目所規(guī)定的內(nèi)容，而內(nèi)容要通過語言來表達(dá)。要考慮作文是否切題，是否充分表達(dá)思想，也要考慮是否用英語清楚而合適地表達(dá)思想，也就是要考慮語言上的錯(cuò)誤是否造成理解上的障礙。4. 避免趨中傾向。避免趨中傾向。該給高分的給高分，包括滿分;該給低分給低分，包括零分。一名閱卷人員在所評(píng)閱的全部作文卷中不應(yīng)只給中間的幾種分?jǐn)?shù)。1.本題滿分為15分2.閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共分五等:2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣卷一至二份。3.閱卷人員根據(jù)閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)照樣卷評(píng)分，若認(rèn)為與某一分?jǐn)?shù)(如8分)相似，即定為該分?jǐn)?shù)(即8分);若認(rèn)為稍優(yōu)或稍劣于該分?jǐn)?shù)則可加一分(即9分)或減一

3、分(即7分)。但不得加或減半分。 四級(jí)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)4. 字?jǐn)?shù)不足應(yīng)酌情扣分：累計(jì)字?jǐn)?shù) 110-119 100-109 90-99 80-89 70-79 60-69 50-59 49 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9(1)如題目中給出主題句、起始句、結(jié)束句，均 不得計(jì)入所寫字?jǐn)?shù)。(2)規(guī)定的內(nèi)容未寫全者，按比例扣分。(3)如果扣為0分，要慎重處理。四級(jí)作文題目 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write an eye-witness account of a traffic accident. You sh

4、ould write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 假設(shè)你在某日某時(shí)某地目擊一起車禍，就此寫一份見證書。見證書須包括以下幾點(diǎn)： 1車禍發(fā)生的時(shí)間及地點(diǎn)2你所見到的車禍情況3你對(duì)車禍原因的分析四級(jí)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及樣卷四級(jí)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及樣卷2分：分：條理不清，思路紊亂，語言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。樣卷5分：分：基本切題。表達(dá)思想不清楚，連貫性差。有較多的嚴(yán)重語言錯(cuò)誤。樣卷8分：分：基本切題。有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫;語言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中有一些是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。樣卷

5、四級(jí)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及樣卷四級(jí)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及樣卷11分：分：切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語言錯(cuò)誤。樣卷 14分：分：切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性較好，基本上無語言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別小錯(cuò)。樣卷 I saw the Traffic Accident in Tianjin Road. The Traffic Accident has been at the morning, May 1 Two children by bike went to school. A car is so fast, the streel. And the car touched two children by

6、bike, and the Traffic Accident has happened. One is touched so far way and the other is put down. Mary people come here, and they sent to two children who go to Hospiton. Wait a time, The ploiemen arriverd in the Accident place.My opiontoin: The car driver is so fast by car, and He didnt attendation

7、 to the children by bike aside the road. Two children by bike didnt heared the car come. All of above, I think the car driver must be serier the Traffic Accident.四級(jí)作文四級(jí)作文2分樣卷分樣卷四級(jí)作文四級(jí)作文5分樣卷分樣卷 It was 8:00 this morning, I went on my way to school. When I just at the school gate, I saw the terrible tr

8、affic accident happend.A student ride his bike in a high speed, and just when he arrived the school gate, a large truck traveled out of the gate and hit him down. He flied over 3m before his bike hit him on the ground. Surely, the poor boy was hurt very bad.四級(jí)作文四級(jí)作文5分樣卷分樣卷 I think there are two reas

9、ons for the accident. First, it was just the time we began our first class, the bike rider perhaps did not want to be late, he ride his bike so fast, even didnt low down his speed at the gate. Secend, the truck is too large, and at that time, there were too many people walk through the gate, so the

10、bike driver have no other way to chose, but to ride in the middle of the road. 四級(jí)作文四級(jí)作文8分樣卷分樣卷 The trafic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways when I was driving my car home at about 4 oclock. The yellow car involed in the accident was running at a high speed along the right-hand

11、 when it happened. Hardly it reached the junction when it cracked with a truck running from another direction. There was no time for the drivers to change the directions. I think the accident mostly attributed to such reasons: Firstly and the foremost, it was the carelessness of both of the drivers

12、that mostly made the accidents happen. It was not too careful for them when running a car. Secondly, the weather also should be responsible for it. The fog made the vision of drivers vague. Last but not the least, the constructure of the roads was unreasonable. The trafic lights are needed at any ju

13、nctions. 四級(jí)作文四級(jí)作文11分樣卷分樣卷 It was last Friday morning. The accident happened when I was on my way to school. It was so terrible that I would never forget it. I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the road. Then, with a big sound, the accident happened. The red car stoped sud

14、denly on the road so that the driver of following car couldnt respond immediately. The back of the red car was badly damaged, but fortunately there was no people injured in this accident.四級(jí)作文11分樣卷 I think the main reasons are as follows: First of all, the red car shouldnt stop suddenly without any s

15、ignals. Secondly, the following car should keep a certain distance from the front car so that the driver could have enough time to take measurs when any badly situation. Finally, these two drivers were careless. If they had paid more attention to driving, this accident wouldnt have happened. 四級(jí)作文四級(jí)作

16、文14分樣卷分樣卷 It was the morning of April 6th, 2003. At about 7:30, I went to school by bike as usual. It was a rainy day and the road was slippery. On the way, I noticed a boy riding in front of me, talking loudly with his friends. He didnt wear a raincoat; instead he held an umbrella in one hand, and

17、rode with another hand. As he turned left to Guangming Road, he failed to see a car coming from behind a truck parked on the corner. Suddenly I heard a big noise and saw an umbrella thrown away. The boy was knocked down by the car. I was completely shocked. I think the boys absent-mindedness account

18、ed much for the accident. He was talking all the time and dangerously used an umbrella while riding a bike. The weather also played a role in the tragedy. The third cause was the unproperly parked truck, which was big enough to make the road conditions invisible to the students who were going to mak

19、e a turn. All these contributed to this accident. 你在用你在用Chinglish寫作嗎？寫作嗎？ 英語寫作常見錯(cuò)誤與分析英語寫作常見錯(cuò)誤與分析 v 一一 不一致（不一致（Disagreements）所謂不一致不光指主謂不一致，它還包括了數(shù)的不一致時(shí)態(tài)不一致及代詞不一致等例 When one have money ,he can do what he want to .(人一旦有了錢，他就能想干什么就干什么)v 剖析：改為：Once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do)英語與漢語不同，同一個(gè)

20、修飾語置于句子不同的位置，句子的含義可能引起變化 例 I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus.v 三三 句子不完整（句子不完整（Sentence Fragments）在口語中，交際雙方可借助手勢語氣上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解可是書面語就不同了，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整會(huì)令意思表達(dá)不清，這種情況常常發(fā)生在主句寫完以后，筆者又想加些補(bǔ)充說明時(shí)發(fā)生例 There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV ,radio ,

21、newspaper and so on . 剖析：本句后半部分for example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on .”不是一個(gè)完整的句子，僅為一些不連貫的詞語，不能獨(dú)立成句改為：There are many ways to know society ,for example ,by TV ,radio ,and newspaper. v 四四 懸垂修飾語（懸垂修飾語（Dangling Modifiers）v 所謂懸垂修飾語是指句首的短語與后面句子的邏輯關(guān)系混亂不清例如：At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 這句中

22、at the age of ten“v 改為：When I was ten, my grandfather died.v 例 To do well in college, good grades are essential.v 剖析：句中不定式短語 “to do well in college” 的邏輯主語不清楚改為：To do well in college, a student needs good grades. 五五 詞性誤用詞性誤用(Misuse of Parts of Speech)“詞性誤用”常表現(xiàn)為：介詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用；形容詞當(dāng)副詞用；名詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用等例 None can negati

23、ve the importance of money. 剖析：negative 系形容詞，誤作動(dòng)詞。改為：None can deny the importance of money. 六六 指代不清指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關(guān)系不清，或者先后所用的代詞不一致。試看下面這一句：Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid. (瑪麗和我姐姐很要好，因?yàn)樗鏊陌槟铩?堅(jiān)持八條英文寫作守則堅(jiān)持八條英文寫作守則

24、 1.Organize your thoughts before writing: brainstorm、make an outline、etc. 2.Write clearly. Be concise. Avoid wordiness. 寫作清晰，務(wù)必精簡，避免贅言。 3.Use good grammar and write complete sentences. 使用好的文法，寫出完整句子。 4.Write simple sentences. Avoid a fancy style. 嘗試簡單句，避免花俏的句法。 5.Avoid slang、cliche and informal word

25、s. 避免俚語、陳腔濫調(diào)和非正式用字 6.Avoid use of the first person (i.e. I/me/my) unless necessary to specific piece. 除非必要，避免使用第一人稱：如“我/我的”。 7.Writing naturally. Read it aloud. Does it sound natural? Does it flow? 自然揮灑，大聲朗誦。整篇文章聽起來自然嗎？通順嗎？ 8.Move logically from one idea to the next. Dont skip steps. 上下句意要合乎邏輯。別毫無章法

26、亂跳。 閱讀優(yōu)秀范文閱讀優(yōu)秀范文 首先要搞好閱讀。閱讀是寫作的基礎(chǔ)，在閱讀方面下的功夫越深，駕馭語言的能力也就越強(qiáng)。所以要寫好英語先要讀好英語，在語言學(xué)習(xí)方面狠下苦功，教科書要讀透，因?yàn)榻炭茣械奈恼露际且恍┖芎玫姆段?，文筆流暢，語言規(guī)范，精彩的一些課文段落要背誦。再就是要進(jìn)行大量課外閱讀，并記住一些好文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。加強(qiáng)練詞造句訓(xùn)練加強(qiáng)練詞造句訓(xùn)練 其次，要加強(qiáng)練詞造句的訓(xùn)練。詞句對(duì)作文相當(dāng)于造房的材料，無好材料就造不出好房子。平時(shí)在學(xué)習(xí)閱讀時(shí)要注意收集積累，把好的詞語、短語、句型做好筆記。平時(shí)在練習(xí)中的錯(cuò)誤也要做好記錄，再對(duì)照正確句子，使地道的英語句子如同條件反射，落筆就對(duì)。 了解英語寫作

27、格式還有，要了解英語寫作的不同體裁與格式?？梢韵瓤匆槐窘榻B英語寫作入門的書，對(duì)英語寫作有一個(gè)初步的概念，如怎么寫議論文，如何提出論據(jù)，如何展開，如何確定中心句；又如，英語信的格式，如何根據(jù)不同身份寫不同結(jié)束語等，然后根據(jù)不同的體裁進(jìn)行寫作練習(xí)。用英語寫日記用英語寫日記 要養(yǎng)成記英語日記勤練筆的好習(xí)慣。經(jīng)常用英語記日記，等于天天在練筆，這無疑是提高英語協(xié)作的行之有效的好辦法。在記日記時(shí)，不要總是用簡單句，要有意識(shí)地用一些好的詞組、句型、關(guān)聯(lián)詞和復(fù)合句等，使文句更優(yōu)美生動(dòng)。還有要按照題目或所給情景寫文章練筆。寫好后對(duì)照范文，找出差距，然后再練習(xí)，這對(duì)提高英語作文也很有幫助，在游泳中學(xué)會(huì)游泳，只有多練習(xí)才能練好。寫好英語文章的寫好英語文章的20字訣字訣 Agreement: 主語和謂語在人稱、數(shù)